scholarly journals Lack of association between gastric cancer and hopQ alleles in Helicobacter pylori

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Kazemi ◽  
Danial Kahrizi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disorders

Helicobacter pylori use a number of mechanisms to survive in the stomach lumen. The presence of these bacteria in the stomach can lead to gastritis and reduction in stomach acid production. Acute inflammation can directly damage to the peripheral cells that are responsible for the secretion of acid. The risk of developing gastric carcinoma is associated to heterogeneity of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors (such as cagA). The HopQ is one of the outer membrane proteins involved in bacterial adherence to gastric mucosa and has been suggested to also play a role in the virulence of H. pylori. This gene has been shown in two types. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between different H. pylori virulence hopQ alleles (types I and II) and patients with gastroduodenal disorders. For this purpose 58 stomach biopsies the of patients with gastric cancer and 100 saliva samples from healthy individuals were collected. Then genomic DNA was purified and PCR for was done for desired genes via specific primers. The H. pylori infections were diagnosed by PCR for GlmM gene. Then frequencies of hopQI+, hopQII+ and hopQI+ hopQII+ genotypes were determined in H. pylori infected cases. Statistical analysis showed that there were not significant differences between healthy and diseased ones for genotypes hopQI+, hopQII+ and hopQI+ hopQII+.

scholarly journals Epstein–Barr Virus and Helicobacter Pylori Co-Infection in Non-Malignant Gastroduodenal Disorders

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramsés Dávila-Collado ◽  
Oscar Jarquín-Durán ◽  
Le Thanh Dong ◽  
J. Luis Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disorders

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are two pathogens associated with the development of various human cancers. The coexistence of both microorganisms in gastric cancer specimens has been increasingly reported, suggesting that crosstalk of both pathogens may be implicated in the carcinogenesis process. Considering that chronic inflammation is an initial step in the development of several cancers, including gastric cancer, we conducted a systematic review to comprehensively evaluate publications in which EBV and H. pylori co-infection has been documented in patients with non-malignant gastroduodenal disorders (NMGDs), including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and dyspepsia. We searched the PubMed database up to August 2019, as well as publication references and, among the nine studies that met the inclusion criteria, we identified six studies assessing EBV infection directly in gastric tissues (total 949 patients) and three studies in which EBV infection status was determined by serological methods (total 662 patients). Due to the substantial methodological and clinical heterogeneity among studies identified, we could not conduct a meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of EBV + H. pylori co-infection in NMGDs was 34% (range 1.8% to 60%). A higher co-infection rate (EBV + H. pylori) was reported in studies in which EBV was documented by serological methods in comparison with studies in which EBV infection was directly assessed in gastric specimens. The majority of these studies were conducted in Latin-America and India, with most of them comparing NMGDs with gastric cancer, but there were no studies comparing the co-infection rate in NMGDs with that in asymptomatic individuals. In comparison with gastritis caused by only one of these pathogens, EBV + H. pylori co-infection was associated with increased severity of gastric inflammation. In conclusion, only relatively small studies testing EBV and H. pylori co-infection in NMGDs have been published to date and the variable report results are likely influenced by geographic factors and detection methods.

Risk assessment of gastric cancer in the presence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and hopQII genes

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Binghua Yin ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Huazhi Huo ◽  
Zahra Aziziaram
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most common bacterial infections globally and is the leading cause of indigestion, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. This bacterium can escape the antibacterial effects of stomach acid by adapting to the inner layers of the stomach. It combines with the natural sugars in the gastric mucosa. The compound is so effective that it makes bacterium resistant. For genes related to the pathogenesis of H. pylori, using the existence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, and hopQII, PCR is performed on some of these genes to amplify fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is that two or more pathogenic genes are simultaneously associated with H. pylori. This study examined the frequency of diseases and healthy individuals infected with H. pylori and cagA and hopQII genotypes. To diagnose H. pylori infection in healthy and stomach cancer patients, the PCR products are electrophoresed on the agarose gel after glmM gene amplification by PCR. To this aim, stomach tissue biopsies were used for patients, and saliva was used for healthy individuals. For this purpose, 150 gastric biopsy samples from stomach cancer patients and 150 saliva samples from healthy people were collected. Data showed a significant relationship between the coexistence of two genes, cagA and hopQII, and stomach cancer. 34.2% of patients and 10.1% of healthy individuals showed two genotypes, while other healthy people (89.9%) infected with H. pylori did not have this genotype. Therefore, the simultaneous presence of these two bacterial genes in human societies can be an essential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals High Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori hopQII Genotype Isolated from Iranian Patients with Gastroduodenal Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi ◽  
Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disorders

Helicobacter pyloriplays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, and noncardia gastric cancer. Several putative virulence factors forH. pylorihave been identified includingvacA,babA, andiceA. HopQ is one of the outer membrane proteins involved in bacterial adherence to gastric mucosa and has been suggested to also play a role in the virulence ofH. pylori. Due to the substantial geographic differences in the prevalence ofH. pylorivirulence factors reported, the main purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between differentH. pylorivirulencehopQalleles (types I and II) and patients with gastroduodenal disorders. The presence ofH. pyloriandhopQalleles in gastric biopsy specimens was identified by specific PCR assays.H. pyloritype IIhopQwas found to be significantly associated with gastric cancer patients (odds ratio: 3.47, 95% CI: 1.56–5.89). Information about the prevalence ofH. pylori hopQtype II can be used for determining the high-risk diseases type which is actually colonized byH. pylori hopQtype II positive strains. The presence ofH. pylori hopQtype II should be investigated in different geographical regions as confirmatory findings may provide a definite biomarker attributed to the pathogenesis of certain severe digestive diseases.

scholarly journals Genomic differentiation within East Asian Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhai You ◽  
Kaisa Thorell ◽  
Lihua He ◽  
Koji Yahara ◽  
Yoshio Yamaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
3D Protein Structure ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
H Pylori

The East Asian region, including China, Japan and Korea, accounts for half of gastric cancer deaths. However, different areas have contrasting gastric cancer incidence and the population structure of Helicobacter pylori in this ethnically diverse region is yet unknown. We aimed to investigate genomic differences in H. pylori between these areas to identify sequence polymorphisms associated with increased cancer risk. We analysed 381 H. pylori genomes collected from different areas of the three countries using phylogenetic and population genetic tools to characterize population differentiation. The functional consequences of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with a highest fixation index (Fst) between subpopulations were examined by mapping amino-acid changes on 3D protein structure, solved or modelled. 329/381 genomes belonged to the previously identified hspEAsia population indicating that import of bacteria from other regions of the world has been uncommon. Seven sub-regional clusters were found within hspEAsia, related to sub-populations with various ethnicities, geographies and gastric cancer risks. Sub-population-specific amino-acid changes were found in multi-drug exporters (hefC), transporters (frpB-4), outer membrane proteins (hopI), and several genes involved in host interaction, such as catalase, involved in H2O2 entrance, and a flagellin site mimicking host glycosylation. Several of the top hits including frpB-4, hefC, alpB/hopB, and hofC. were also differentiated within the Americas, indicating that a handful of genes may be key to local geographic adaptation. H. pylori within East Asia are not homogeneous but have become differentiated geographically at multiple loci that have facilitated adaptation to local conditions and hosts. This has important implications for further evaluation of these changes in relation to the varying gastric cancer incidence between geographical areas in this region.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Gut ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2113-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Charles Ford ◽  
Yuhong Yuan ◽  
Paul Moayyedi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Gastric Neoplasia ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectivesGastric cancer is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). We conducted a previous systematic review and meta-analysis that suggested eradication therapy reduced future incidence of gastric cancer, but effect size was uncertain, and there was no reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality. We updated this meta-analysis, as more data has accumulated. We also evaluated impact of eradication therapy on future risk of gastric cancer in patients having endoscopic mucosal resection for gastric neoplasia.DesignWe searched the medical literature through February 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining effect of eradication therapy on subsequent occurrence of gastric cancer in healthy H. pylori-positive adults, and in H. pylori-positive patients with gastric neoplasia undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection. The control arm received placebo or no treatment. Follow-up was for ≥2 years. We estimated the relative risk (RR) number needed to treat (NNT), and evaluated the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) gained from screening from the meta-analysis.ResultsWe identified 10 RCTs, seven recruited 8323 healthy individuals, and three randomised 1841 patients with gastric neoplasia. In healthy individuals, eradication therapy reduced incidence of gastric cancer (RR=0.54; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.72, NNT=72), and reduced mortality from gastric cancer (RR=0.61; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.92, NNT=135), but did not affect all-cause mortality. These data suggest that 8 743 815 DALYs (95% CI 5 646 173 to 11 847 456) would be gained if population screening and treatment was implemented globally. In patients with gastric neoplasia, eradication therapy also reduced incidence of future gastric cancer (RR=0.49; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.70, NNT=21). Adverse events were incompletely reported.ConclusionThere is moderate evidence to suggest that H. pylori eradication therapy reduces the incidence of gastric cancer in healthy individuals and patients with gastric neoplasia in East Asian countries. There also appears to be a reduction in gastric cancer-related mortality.

scholarly journals An Overview of Helicobacter pylori Survival Tactics in the Hostile Human Stomach Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2502
Author(s):  
Yi Ying Cheok ◽  
Chalystha Yie Qin Lee ◽  
Heng Choon Cheong ◽  
Jamuna Vadivelu ◽  
Chung Yeng Looi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is well established as a causative agent for gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Armed with various inimitable virulence factors, this Gram-negative bacterium is one of few microorganisms that is capable of circumventing the harsh environment of the stomach. The unique spiral structure, flagella, and outer membrane proteins accelerate H. pylori movement within the viscous gastric mucosal layers while facilitating its attachment to the epithelial cells. Furthermore, secretion of urease from H. pylori eases the acidic pH within the stomach, thus creating a niche for bacteria survival and replication. Upon gaining a foothold in the gastric epithelial lining, bacterial protein CagA is injected into host cells through a type IV secretion system (T4SS), which together with VacA, damage the gastric epithelial cells. H. pylori does not only establishes colonization in the stomach, but also manipulates the host immune system to permit long-term persistence. Prolonged H. pylori infection causes chronic inflammation that precedes gastric cancer. The current review provides a brief outlook on H. pylori survival tactics, bacterial-host interaction and their importance in therapeutic intervention as well as vaccine development.

Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on gastric cancer incidence in the Japanese population: a systematic evidence review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
Sayo Kawai ◽  
Tae Sasakabe ◽  
Chisato Nagata ◽  
Mariko Naito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Abstract Background In Japan, there are ongoing efforts to shift the gastric cancer prevention and control policy priorities from barium-based screening to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-oriented primary prevention. A comprehensive summary of the evidence regarding the effects of H. pylori eradication on the risk of gastric cancer could inform policy decisions. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies evaluating the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication for the prevention of gastric cancer in otherwise healthy individuals (primary prevention) and early gastric cancer patients (tertiary prevention). Results In total, 19 studies were included. Three moderate-quality observational cohort studies showed that H. pylori eradication may be associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic Japanese people. There is moderate certainty regarding the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication in patients with gastrointestinal diseases, such as peptic ulcers. A meta-analysis of 10 observational studies with otherwise healthy individuals (mainly peptic ulcer patients) yielded an overall odds ratio of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.25–0.46). Regarding tertiary prevention, the overall odds ratio for developing metachronous gastric cancer was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.35–0.51) in the eradication group in a meta-analysis of nine studies involving early gastric cancer patients who underwent endoscopic resection. Conclusion H. pylori eradication is effective in preventing gastric cancer in the Japanese population, regardless of symptoms. Well-designed, large cohort studies are warranted to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication in the context of reducing the gastric cancer burden through population-based screening and treatment.

Determine the Prevalence of cagA and Baba of Helicobacter Pylori Isolated from Gastric Atrophic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1620-1622
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazir ◽  
Talal Safdar ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Nisar Khan Sajid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Atrophy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Caga Gene ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Acute Gastritis ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disorders

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cagA and babA of helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric atrophic patients. Study Design: Descriptive/Analytical Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Medicine/Gastroenterology department of Khyber Teaching Hospital and Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciences, Peshawar for six months duration from March 2020 to August 2020. Methods: Total one hundred and twenty patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 20-80 years of age. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking informed written consent. All patients of gastroduodenal disorders were undergone for isolation of bacteria by using standard techniques. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Total 50 (41.7%) patients were males and 70 (58.3%) patients were females. Mean age of the patients were 41.96 ± 16 years with mean BMI 25.24 ± 4.8 kg/m2. Frequency of H pylori was isolated in 30 (25%) patients in which 13 patients had atrophic gastritis, 9 patients had gastric ulcer and 8 patients had acute gastritis. Prevalence of cagA gene was 16 (53.33%) and babA was 10 (33.33%) in H. pylori isolated patients. Significantly difference with p value <0.05 was observed between cagA positive strains and patients of gastric atrophic. The involvement of gastric atrophic patients was not correlated to the babA gene. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that different cagA positive H. pylori can be retrieved from gastric atrophy patients. Keywords: Gastric atrophy, Gastric cancer, cagA, babA, Helicobacter pylori

scholarly journals The relationship between the simultaneity present of cagA and hopQI genes in Helicobacter pylori and the risk of gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Baosheng Chen ◽  
Jishui Zhang ◽  
Qiutong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that causes infections in the gastrointestinal tract. This type of bacterium is very common and contagious at the same time. H. pylori enters the mouth and continues its course along the gastrointestinal tract. H. pylori infection induces an inflammatory response that leads to the activity of neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. In addition to the bacterial role in gastric mucosa, the host's inflammatory response may also play a role in disease outcome. In inflammation, the risk of carcinogenesis increases due to DNA damage increased proliferation and the creation of an environment rich in cytokines and growth factors. Genetic methods and diagnosis of H. pylori genes are used to identify healthy and healthy gastric cancer patients infected with H. pylori. In relation to the genes associated with H. pylori pathogenesis, the presence of genes such as cagA, hopQI, hopQII and so on is used, and PCR of a part of these genes amplified fragments of different lengths. One of the less-studied cases is the association of two or more pathogenic genes simultaneously with H. pylori. In this research, the frequency of disease and healthy individuals who are infected with H. pylori and have two genotypes cagA and hopQI at the same time, was examined. In order to diagnose H. pylori-infected individuals in healthy and gastric cancer patients, after PCR of glmM gene, PCR product electrophoresis on agarose gel was used. For this purpose, gastric tissue biopsy was used in patients and saliva was used in healthy individuals. For this purpose, 100 gastric biopsy samples were collected from patients with gastric cancer and 100 saliva samples from healthy individuals. According to the data, there is a significant relationship between the simultaneous presence of two genes cagA and hopQI and gastric cancer. In patients, 45.3% showed both genotypes, while in healthy individuals only 10.5% have this genotype and other healthy but infected with H. pylori (90.8%) do not have this genotype. To be. No report was observed on the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes. No report was observed regarding the simultaneous study of cagA and hopQI genes.

scholarly journals A bacterial small RNA regulates the adaptation of Helicobacter pylori to the host environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kinoshita-Daitoku ◽  
Kotaro Kiga ◽  
Masatoshi Miyakoshi ◽  
Ryota Otsubo ◽  
Yoshitoshi Ogura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Host Environment ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

AbstractLong-term infection of the stomach with Helicobacter pylori can cause gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms by which the bacteria adapt to the stomach environment are poorly understood. Here, we show that a small non-coding RNA of H. pylori (HPnc4160, also known as IsoB or NikS) regulates the pathogen’s adaptation to the host environment as well as bacterial oncoprotein production. In a rodent model of H. pylori infection, the genomes of bacteria isolated from the stomach possess an increased number of T-repeats upstream of the HPnc4160-coding region, and this leads to reduced HPnc4160 expression. We use RNA-seq and iTRAQ analyses to identify eight targets of HPnc4160, including genes encoding outer membrane proteins and oncoprotein CagA. Mutant strains with HPnc4160 deficiency display increased colonization ability of the mouse stomach, in comparison with the wild-type strain. Furthermore, HPnc4160 expression is lower in clinical isolates from gastric cancer patients than in isolates derived from non-cancer patients, while the expression of HPnc4160’s targets is higher in the isolates from gastric cancer patients. Therefore, the small RNA HPnc4160 regulates H. pylori adaptation to the host environment and, potentially, gastric carcinogenesis.

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