scholarly journals Evaluation of child imagination in European cultural-historical context

Sociologija ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Maksic ◽  
Zoran Pavlovic

Encouraging child imagination is a desirable for developing creativity in youth and adulthood, and creativity is viewed as one of the solutions to the problems the contemporary word is facing. The aim of this paper is to examine the linkage between macro-social factors and evaluation of imagination as a characteristic that should be encouraged in children. For analysis we used data on European countries encompassed by the World Values Study (1999-2004). The results indicate that wealthier and more developed countries and the citizens who are more postmaterialist oriented value imagination more. However, once cultural-historical heritage of the country is included into the analysis, evaluation of imagination changes, thus confirming the importance of living in the communist regime and, on the other hand, the influence of socialization patterns defined by the dominant religion (Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Protestantism or Islam). The concluding part discusses the implications of these results for supporting creativity in young people and contributing to the development of contemporary society which requires reliance on individual abilities and responsibilities in order to progress.

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-417
Author(s):  
Nicu Dumitraşcu

In this article I briefly examine chapter 6 of the document For the Life of the World issued by the Ecumenical Patriarchate concerning “ecumenical relations and relations with the other faiths.” In the first part, I discuss the relationship between the Orthodox Church and other Christian denominations, and in the second, the dialogue with Judaism and Islam. The document has an optimistic, inspiring, and hopeful tone, but it will simply remain an idealistic statement without a major echo inside of the Christian world and contemporary society.


2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-514
Author(s):  
Ivan Vuković

In this paper we researched European Union starting with the Agreement from Maastrich from year 1992, even though the European Union has a long traditional history and its origin is founded on regulations of economical integrations in Europe beginning from the 1950’s through the Roman treaty from year 1957 and the forming of the European Union Committee in year 1965. Further we follow her expansion and introduction of the European economic and monetary policy, to last, the joining perspective of Croatia. According to the Agreement from Maastrich, European Union lies on three posts: 1) Legal-political and regulative post, 2) Economical post, where the forming of European economical and monetary policy is in the first plan, especially the introducing of Euro as the unique European currency, 3) Post of Mutual foreign security policy within European Union. In that context we need to highlight the research conducted here and in European Union, including the world, regarding development of European Union and its economical, legal, political and cultural, as well as foreign diplomatic results, which are all perspectives of European Union. All the scientists and researches which were involved in exploring the development of EU with its modern tendencies and development perspective, agree that extraordinary results are achieved regards to economical, legal, political, foreign-security and diplomatic views, even tough many repercussions exist in progress of some particular members and within the EU as a whole. The biggest controversy arises in the perspective and expanding of European Union regarding ratification of the Constitution of EU from particular country members, but especially after the referendum was refused from two European countries, France and Netherlands. According to some estimates, the Constitution of EU would have difficulty to be adopted in Switzerland and some other Scandinavian countries, but also in Great Britain and other very developed countries. However the European Community and European Union were developing and expanding towards third European countries, regardless of Constitutional non-existence, where we can assume that if and when the Constitution of EU will be ratified, the EU will further develop as one of the most modern communities. This will enable economical development, especially development of European business, unique European market and free trade of goods and services, market of financial capital and labour market in free movement of labour. Being that EU has become one of the most largest dominating markets in the world, it offers a possibility to all new members to divide labour by using modern knowledge and high technology which insure economical, social and political prosperity. This results to forming a society of European countries which will guarantee all rights and freedom of development for all nations and ethnic groups. As well as, all European countries with somewhat less sovereignty, but in international relations will be stronger and significant, not only in sense of economics, but also in politics and military diplomatic relations. Therefore, Croatia has no choice and perspective if she does not join the European Union till year 2010, but until than it needs to create its strategy of economical and scientific-technological development, including demographic development, which will insure equal progress of Croatia as an equal member of European Union.


1974 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 23-37

The world economic position and prospects have worsened further in the last three months. In the United States and Japan, in particular, recessionary conditions are proving to be more marked and more prolonged than we had expected, and it looks as though by the end of the year all the major industrial countries, with the possible exception of France, will have experienced at least one quarter in which output has fallen or at best shown no appreciable rise. The other developed countries have fared better, but we no longer expect there to be any growth of output in the OECD area either in the second half of the year or in the year as a whole. In 1975 the position should be rather better, at least by the second half. We expect OECD countries' aggregate GNP to grow by about 2 per cent year-on-year and nearly 3 per cent between the fourth quarters of 1974 and 1975.


Author(s):  
P.F. Stevens

Linnaeus was educated in Sweden, and became a doctor of medicine in Harderwijk, Holland, in 1735. He visited other European countries then, but he never left Sweden after his return in 1738. After practising as a physician in Stockholm, he moved to Uppsala University as professor of medicine and botany in 1741. He articulated four different but complementary ways of understanding nature – through two kinds of classification, and through what can be called developmental and functional/ecological interactions. Linnaeus is best known for his classificatory work, for which he received material from all over the world. His classificatory precepts are elaborated in the Philosophia botanica of 1751, an enlarged version of the 365 aphorisms of his Fundamenta botanica of 1735; the other aspects of his work are diffused through his writings. His artificial classification system, initially very popular, was replaced by the ’natural’ system, more slowly in botany than in zoology, and more slowly in England than in some other countries. Current biological nomenclature is based on his Species plantarum, edition 1 (for plants), and Systema naturae, edition 10 (for animals). His codification of botanical terms remains influential. Almost 200 dissertations, most written by Linnaeus, were defended by his students. In these and other less well-known works, including the unpublished Nemesis divina (Stories of Divine Retribution), he covered a wide range of subjects. Quinarian thinking is noticeable in Linnaeus’ work – there are five ranks in systems, five years’ growth in flowers – and in some of the occult works that he knew. He also shows a strong combinatorial bent and a tendency to draw close analogies between the parts of animals and plants.


Chapter 1 introduces the Handbook by reviewing the historical and contextual factors surrounding the development of international psychological and educational testing. This Handbook provides such a review in six sections, covering (a) overview and historical context, (b) domains of testing and assessment, (c) settings, (d) special populations, (e) methodological advances, and (f) problems and challenges. Within each of these sections, the chapters address the unique problems, issues, and challenges related to testing from an international and global perspective. Recognizing the importance of cultural and international contexts to a true and accurate psychology, the authors have described how cultural, economic, political, and social factors in different countries frame the science and practice of testing and assessment. As this is an international Handbook, the contributors have also been selected to represent not only different domains and settings of psychological testing, but also different geographical regions of the world.


2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Dehnavieh ◽  
Somayeh Noori Hekmat ◽  
Sara Ghasemi ◽  
Nadia Mirshekari

Many countries in the world have tried to examine the possible methods for import and logical use of health technologies to manage their budgets on one hand and to prevent the entry of uncertain, inefficient, and insecure technologies on the other hand (1). The “health technology assessment” (HTA) is one of the dominant methods in most developed countries (2). HTA is a multidisciplinary field which studies the medical, social, and ethical aspects, as well as economic outcomes of production, diffusion, and application of health technologies (3).


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Adilson Cristiano Habowski ◽  
Elaine Conte ◽  
Hildegard Susana Jung

O presente estudo versa sobre as possibilidades das tecnologias digitais para a sociabilidade de jovens estudantes nas escolas do campo no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa hermenêutica adorniana que pensa a partir dos jovens do campo que vivem nas zonas rurais, na tentativa de buscar melhores condições de vida e de acesso aos bens culturais para que as juventudes possam se manifestar e recriar coletivamente. Refletimos sobre a oportunidade de a educação em convergência com as tecnologias digitais superar a lógica colonialista de mercado e de ciência predominante na sociedade contemporânea, como condição de formar e promover o exercício da autocrítica e da cidadania dos jovens estudantes do campo. Nesse sentido, evidencia-se a importância de uma educação que proporcione aos professores e estudantes momentos de conhecimento e reflexão crítica sobre as tecnologias digitais, para que se reconheçam e sejam reconhecidos enquanto atores em seus contextos, tornando as escolas do campo um espaço privilegiado para reflexões pedagógicas, ao tencionar formas hegemônicas de pensar e agir no mundo. Concluímos que é importante problematizar o formato e a ideologia das propostas de inserção de tecnologias digitais nas escolas do campo, considerando-as não somente como mais uma ferramenta programada para uma população supostamente carente de saberes, mas que, além de proporcionar o acesso ao conhecimento produzido pela humanidade, possam impulsionar a comunicação e a criação de redes que fortaleçam as reivindicações dos sujeitos do campo.Palavras-chave: Tecnologias digitais; Escolas do Campo; Juventudes. ABSTRACT: This study deals with the possibilities of digital technologies for the sociability of young students in rural schools in Brazil. It is an Advenian hermeneutic research that thinks from the young people of the countryside who live in rural areas, in an attempt to seek better living conditions and access to cultural assets so that youths can manifest and recreate collectively. We reflect on the opportunity for education in convergence with digital technologies to overcome the colonialist logic of market and science prevalent in contemporary society, as a condition to form and promote the exercise of self-criticism and citizenship of young students of the field. In this sense, it is evident the importance of an education that provides teachers and students with moments of knowledge and critical reflection on digital technologies, so that they recognize themselves and are recognized as actors in their contexts, making the countryside schools a privileged space for pedagogical reflections, in the hegemonic ways of thinking and acting in the world. We conclude that it is important to problematize the format and the ideology of the proposals of insertion of digital technologies in the rural schools, considering them not only as another programmed tool for a population supposedly lacking in knowledge, but which, besides providing access to knowledge produced by humanity, can boost communication and the creation of networks that strengthen the claims of the subjects of the countryside.Keywords: Digital technologies; Countryside schools; Youth.


1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (S5) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Deschamps ◽  
G. Valantin

Pregnancy in adolescence is now a very great concern for doctors, teachers and social workers throughout the world and yet about 95% of the publications on this topic have come from the USA. The remainder are mainly from the UK and Scandinavia. Other countries have produced only a small number of papers, focusing mainly on clinical problems such as the pathological events and complications during pregnancy or delivery. In France, the first paper to appear in a paediatric journal was published in 1977 in the French journal of school health (Martin, 1977). On the other hand, teenage magazines often contain articles about sexual behaviour and pregnancy in adolescence. There is now a great concern in the adolescents' press about the problems of sexuality, contraception, abortion and pregnancy, including advertising for pregnancy tests.


Author(s):  
M. B. Ponyavina ◽  
P. S. Seleznev

The problem of finding and identifying talented young people who are ready to solve state problems effectively has always been relevant. Today, this issue is becoming a priority in the educational policy of any innovative modern state. This article examines the historical aspect of the search and identification of talented youth; at the same time, it reveals the peculiarities of current activities in this direction in Russia and the most developed countries. By now, in the world exist a variety of ways and methods of work with talented youth. Our article reveals the unique experience accumulated over many decades by our country to identify, further training and support of talented youth. The work also thoroughly analyses the experience of individual countries in this field.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Mahnoor Shakeel ◽  
Salwa Jadoon ◽  
Nazia Bashir

Since 1960 world has witnessed a change in the composition of population where developed countries have face aging working population and on the other hand developing countries like Pakistan has been blessed with young working population that has shown the way of potential development in every field .It has been further complemented by the fact that world has entered into “human age” where the driver of development is believed to be the talented individuals rather than capital. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the way Pakistan can adopt to cash the unemployment among its white collar professionals to gain economic benefit on the part of Pakistan as well as to the individuals themselves. The study reaches to the conclusion that skill mobility can provide the means for Pakistan to integrate into the world and generate capital for its development.


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