scholarly journals Nasal polyposis: A semiquantitative morphometric histopathological study

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 784-788
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Trivic ◽  
Nada Tomanovic ◽  
Sanja Krejovic-Trivic ◽  
Jovica Milovanovic ◽  
Ivan Boricic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Esthetic Surgery ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms

Background/Aim. Nasal polyps are inflammatory hyper-trophic proliferations of the sinonasal mucosa composed of both epithelial and stromal elements. The aim of this study was to determine histopathological hallmarks of nasal polyposis via semiquantitative morphometric study. Methods. The study comprised 77 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) that underwent functional endoscopic sinonasal surgery performed by the same surgeon. The control group consisted of 9 different nasal mucosal samples that were taken from patients without CRSwNP that underwent functional and esthetic surgery. Morphometric analysis included gradation of tissue edema within polyps, thickening of epithelial basal membrane, degree of inflammation, presence/absence of metaplasia with-in epithelium, degree of fibrosis within polyps, and percentage of inflammatory cells within inflammatory infiltrate (lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, neutrophils and eosinophils). Results. As expected, samples from the study group showed significantly higher degree of inflammation than samples from the control group (?2 = 35.89, with p < 0.01). Degree of fibrosis in nasal polyposis was in positive correlation with duration of symptoms (r = 0.25, p < 0.05) and with percentage of macrophages in inflammatory infiltrate (r = 0.26, p < 0.05). Patients with nasal polyposis had significantly lower number of lymphocytes (r = -7.66, p < 0.01), but significantly higher number of eosinophils (r = 3.84, p < 0.01), macrophages (r = 3.34, p < 0.01) and plasma cells (r = 3.14, p < 0.01) than controls (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Tissue samples from patients with nasal polyposis show significant changes that reflect in various degrees of inflammation, fibrosis and basement membrane thickening which may contribute to more difficult surgical management and perioperative complications such as bleeding.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT WITH TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4 ANTAGONIST RESATORVID ON METHOTREXATE-INDUCED LIVER INJURY IN RATS: HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Bassim I Mohammad ◽  
Bassim S Ahmed ◽  
Alaa F Hassan ◽  
Samer F Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the histopathological changes after pretreatment with resatorvid against methotrexate induced-liver injury.Methods: 28 male albino-wistar rats divided into random 4 groups (7 rats in each). Control group: Rats left untreated. Vehicle pre-treated group: Rats were administered dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) followed by methotrexate (MTX). Methotrexate treated group: Rats left untreated then administered MTX. Resatorvid pre-treated group: Rats were administered resatorvid followed by MTX. 24 h after the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed. Liver tissue samples dissected out immediately and fixed in 10% formalin. The traditional procedures (paraffin-embedded method) was used to prepare liver tissue for microscopic evaluation by none alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Activity Score Components.Results: Liver tissue sections of MTX-treated group show moderate-to-severe steatosis of hepatic cells and micro- and macro- hepatocellular fatty degeneration and giant fatty cysts with chronic inflammatory cells infiltration. While liver tissue sections of the resatorvid pre-treated group show moderate hepatic cellular fatty degeneration, with a decreased number of fatty cysts chains and the inflammation disappeared.Conclusion: Resatorvid hepatoprotective effect against MTX-induced injury was promising throughout resolving the accompanying inflammation and partial restoring histopathological fatty alterations.

scholarly journals Rat subcutaneous tissue response to macrogranular porous anorganic bovine bone graft

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Fernando Zambuzzi ◽  
Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira ◽  
Felipe Ladeira Pereira ◽  
Tânia Mary Cestari ◽  
Rumio Taga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Body Type

The ideal bone graft must present biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, resistance and plasticity. Xenogenic grafts of bovine cancellous bone origin are particularly interesting due to their biologically designed porous structure that enhance both cellular and vascular invasion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue response induced by bovine macrogranular porous anorganic bone implanted in rat subcutaneous tissue. Forty rats were assigned to 2 groups, as follows: the control group received empty collagen capsules and the test group received subcutaneous implants of the test material. Samples were collected after 10, 20, 30 and 60 days and processed histologically. Histological analysis showed at 10 days a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, rich in multinucleated giant cells and free of lymphocytes or plasma cells, similarly to mineralized allograft implanted in rat subcutaneous. In later periods, there was a significant decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase in fibrosis around graft particles. In conclusion, the test material induced a foreign body-type granuloma with subsequent fibrosis around the graft particles implanted in rat subcutaneous and did not elicit any immune response, thus being considered biocompatible.

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Histopathology of Fallopian Tubes in Bangladeshi Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
S Nahar ◽  
M H Mullick ◽  
Md. N Islam ◽  
A K M Khiruzzaman ◽  
N A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
User Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Group A

A smelt on histopathological changes in the fallopian tubes of 21 young and healthy nonpregnant women was done. Among these subjects 11 were taken as control (Group A) who did not use any of the contraceptive methods and compared with remaining 10 subjects (Group 0) who used oral contraceptives. About 1.5 cm of each fallopian rube was collected during the process of nebectomy by Pomeroy's method. These tissue samples were processed for H/E staining and microscopic observations were done. On the basis of microscopical findings the fallopian tubes were categorised into normal, acute endosalphingitis, subacute endosalphingitis and chronic endosalphingitis'. Microscopical findings taken into consideration were oedema. polymorphonuclear leucocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells and fibrosis. All findings were recorded and statistical analysis was done by student test. Incidence of chronic endosalphigitis was significantly increased (p<0.01) in case of pill user group in comparison to COMM! group.

scholarly journals Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis promotes increased mortality despite the reduction of parasitemia in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e27810111805
Author(s):  
Aline da Silva Barbosa ◽  
Mayani Costa Ribeiro Temple ◽  
Everton Luiz Pompeu Varela ◽  
Antonio Rafael Quadros Gomes ◽  
Edvaldo Lima Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator molecule in inflammatory processes, but its role in the pathophysiology of malaria is still uncertain. To investigate the NO synthesis inhibition on the oxidative changes induced by Plasmodium berghei infection in mice, malaria was induced in 150 animals, of which 75 animals were treated with the NO inhibitor L-NAME; the remaining animals were sham controls. All animals underwent euthanasia 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 days after infection for the collection of lungs, brain, and blood. Parasitemia was determined, and the survival of the animals was evaluated. Tissue samples were assayed for nitrites and nitrates (NN), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). A histopathological study was performed. Mortality rates in the L-NAME group were always higher than those in the controls. In the brain, NN was lower in the L-NAME group. Parasitemia and its progression rate were greater in the control group. By the 5th day of infection, mice treated with L-NAME showed cerebral edema and interstitial pneumonia of greater intensity than controls. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory and hemodynamic effects of NO surpass its pro-oxidant role in murine malaria.

scholarly journals Bacterial biofilm on the sinus mucosa of healthy subjects and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (with or without nasal polyposis)

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Singh ◽  
R Mehta ◽  
S Agarwal ◽  
P Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapy Failure ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Sinus Mucosa

AbstractObjective:To study the presence of bacterial biofilm on the sinus mucosa of healthy individuals (controls) and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.Methods:An analytical, prospective and observational study was conducted. Tissue samples were obtained from the sinus mucosa. The bacteria were isolated and typified, and the material was examined for biofilm formation using tissue culture plate, Congo red agar detection and tube methods.Results:A total of 100 cases were analysed for the presence of biofilm. Bacterial biofilm was present in 26 of 50 disease group cases (52 per cent) and in 4 of 50 control group cases (8 per cent) (p < 0.01).Conclusion:The presence of biofilm on the mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis patients offers a possible cause for the persistent inflammation, and for antibiotics resistance and antimicrobial therapy failure. These findings could change the approach to treatment.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CAVEOLIN-1 LEVELS IN GASTRIC CANCER PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Tas ◽  
S Karabulut ◽  
K Erturk ◽  
D Duranyildiz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Aim: Caveolin-1 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various carcinomas and its expression affects the survival of cancer patients. However, the molecular function of caveolin-1 and its possible clinical importance has remained uncertain in gastric cancer. No clinical trial has examined serum caveolin-1 levels in gastric cancer patients so far, instead all available results were provided from studies conducted on tissue samples. In the current study, we analyzed the soluble serum caveolin-1 levels in gastric cancer patients, and specified its associations with the clinical factors and prognosis. Material and Methods: Sixty-three patients with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer were enrolled into the trial. Serum caveolin-1 concentrations were detected by ELISA method. Thirty healthy subjects were also included in the study. Results: The median age of patients was 62 years, ranging from 28 to 82 years. The serum caveolin-1 levels in gastric cancer patients were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.001). The common clinical parameters including patient age, sex, lesion localization, histopathology, histological grade, disease stage, and various serum tumor markers (e.g. LDH, CEA, and CA 19.9) were not found to be associated with serum caveolin-1 levels (p > 0.05). Similarly, no correlation existed between serum caveolin-1 concentration and chemotherapy responsiveness (p = 0.93). Furthermore, serum caveolin-1 level was not found to have a prognostic role (p = 0.16). Conclusion: Even though it is neither predictive nor prognostic, serum caveolin-1 level may be a valuable diagnostic indicator in patients with gastric cancer. Key

Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Celik ◽  
Alper Şen ◽  
İsmail Koyuncu ◽  
Ataman Gönel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of

Aim and Objective:: To determine the mechanisms present in the etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis. It is not clear whether amino acids contribute in a causal way to the development of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the plasma-free amino acid profile in patients with nasal polyposis and to compare the results with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods:: This was a prospective controlled study that took place in the Otolaryngology Department at the Harran University Faculty of Medicine between April 2017 and April 2018. Plasmafree amino acid profile levels were studied in serum samples taken from a patient group and a healthy control group. Patients who were diagnosed with bilateral diffuse nasal polyposis and were scheduled for surgical interventions were included in this study. Individuals whose age, gender, and body mass index values were compatible with that of the patient group and who did not have any health problems were included in the control group. All the participants whose levels of plasma-free amino acid were thought to be affected by one or more of the following factors were excluded from the study: smoking and alcohol use, allergic rhinitis presence, the presence of acute or chronic sinusitis, a history of endoscopic sinus surgery, unilateral nasal masses, a history of chronic drug use, systemic or topical steroid use in the last three months for any reason, and liver, kidney, hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric disorders or malignancies. Results: In patients with nasal polyposis, 3-methyl histidine (3-MHIS: nasal polyposis group (ng) = 3.22 (1.92 – 6.07); control group (cg) = 1.21 (0.77 – 1.68); p = 0.001); arginine (arg: ng = 98.95 (70.81 – 117.75); cg = 75.10 (54.49 – 79.88); p = 0.005); asparagine (asn: ng = 79.84 (57.50 – 101.44); cg = 60.66 (46.39 – 74.62); p = 0.021); citrulline (cit: ng = 51.83 (43.81 – 59.78); cg = 38.33 (27.81 – 53.73); p = 0.038); cystine (cys: ng = 4.29 (2.43 – 6.66); cg = 2.41 (1.51 – 4.16); p = 0.019); glutamic acid (glu: ng = 234.86 (128.75 – 286.66); cg = 152.37 (122.51 – 188.34); p = 0.045); histidine (his: ng = 94.19 (79.34 – 113.99); cg = 74.80 (62.76 – 98.91); p = 0.018); lysine (lys: ng = 297.22 (206.55 – 371.25); cg = 179.50 (151.58 – 238.02); p = 0.001); ornithine (ng = 160.62 (128.36 – 189.32); cg = 115.91 (97.03 – 159.91); p = 0.019); serine (ser: ng = 195.15 (151.58 – 253.07); cg = 83.07 (67.44 – 92.44); p = 0.001); taurine (tau: ng = 74.69 (47.00 – 112.13); cg = 53.14 (33.57 – 67.31); p = 0.006); tryptophan (trp: ng = 52.31 (33.81 – 80.11); cg = 34.44 (25.94 – 43.07); p = 0.005), homocitrulline (ng = 1.75 (1.27 – 2.59); cg = 0.00 (0.00 – 0.53); p = 0.001); norvaline (ng = 6.90 (5.61 – 9.18); cg = 4.93 (3.74 – 7.13); p = 0.021); argininosuccinic acid (ng = 14.33 (10.06 – 25.65); cg = 12.22 (5.77 – 16.87) p = 0.046); and plasma concentrations were significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p <0.05). However, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba: ng = 0.16 (0.10 – 0.24); cg = 0.21 (0.19 – 0.29); p = 0.010) plasma concentration was significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. Conclusion: In this study, plasma levels of 15 free amino acids were significantly higher in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. A plasma level of 1 free amino acid was found to be significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group compared to the healthy control group. Therefore, it is important to determine the possibility of using the information obtained to prevent the recurrence of the condition and to develop effective treatment strategies. This study may be a milestone for studies of this subject. However, this study needs to be confirmed by further studies conducted in a larger series.

Ruxolitinib Regulates the Autophagy Machinery in Multiple Myeloma Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 2316-2323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alican Kusoglu ◽  
Bakiye G. Bagca ◽  
Neslihan P.O. Ay ◽  
Guray Saydam ◽  
Cigir B. Avci
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Myeloma Cell ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Stat Pathway

Background: Ruxolitinib is a selective JAK1/2 inhibitor approved by the FDA for myelofibrosis in 2014 and nowadays, comprehensive investigations on the potential of the agent as a targeted therapy for haematological malignancies are on the rise. In multiple myeloma which is a cancer of plasma cells, the Interleukin- 6/JAK/STAT pathway is emerging as a therapeutic target since the overactivation of the pathway is associated with poor prognosis. Objective: In this study, our purpose was to discover the potential anticancer effects of ruxolitinib in ARH-77 multiple myeloma cell line compared to NCI-BL 2171 human healthy B lymphocyte cell line. Methods: Cytotoxic effects of ruxolitinib in ARH-77 and NCI-BL 2171 cells were determined via WST-1 assay. The autophagy mechanism induced by ruxolitinib measured by detecting autophagosome formation was investigated. Apoptotic effects of ruxolitinib were analyzed with Annexin V-FITC Detection Kit and flow cytometry. We performed RT-qPCR to demonstrate the expression changes of the genes in the IL-6/JAK/STAT pathway in ARH-77 and NCI-BL 2171 cells treated with ruxolitinib. Results: We identified the IC50 values of ruxolitinib for ARH-77 and NCI-BL 2171 as 20.03 and 33.9μM at the 72nd hour, respectively. We showed that ruxolitinib induced autophagosome accumulation by 3.45 and 1.70 folds in ARH-77 and NCI-BL 2171 cells compared to the control group, respectively. Treatment with ruxolitinib decreased the expressions of IL-6, IL-18, JAK2, TYK2, and AKT genes, which play significant roles in MM pathogenesis. Conclusion: All in all, ruxolitinib is a promising agent for the regulation of the IL-6/JAK/STAT pathway and interferes with the autophagy mechanism in MM.

scholarly journals Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Vlad ◽  
Silviu Albu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Endoscopic View ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Arginase I

Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important regulator of upper airway inflammation, mainly as part of the local naso-sinusal defense mechanisms. Increased arginase activity can reduce NO levels by decreasing the availability of its precursor, L-arginine. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been associated with low levels of nasal nitric oxide (nNO). Thus, the present study investigates the activity of arginase I (ARG1) and II (ARG2) in CRS and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease. Under endoscopic view, tissue samples of pathologic (n = 36) and normal (n = 29) rhinosinusal mucosa were collected. Arginase I and II mRNA levels were measured using real-time PCR. Our results showed low arginase I activity in all samples. The levels of ARG2 were significantly higher in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis compared to the control group (fold regulation (FR) 2.22 ± 0.42 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.016). Increased ARG2 expression was found in patients with CRS without nasal polyposis (FR 3.14 ± 1.16 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.0175), in non-allergic CRS (FR 2.55 ± 0.52 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.005), and non-asthmatic CRS (FR 2.42 ± 0.57 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.028). These findings suggest that the upregulation of ARG2 may play a role in the pathology of a distinctive phenotype of CRS.

scholarly journals The Effect of Zingiber officinale on the Spleen Tissue and Antibody Titer of Broiler Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 046-050
Author(s):  
Alireza Taghdisi ◽  
Sajjad Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Serum Factors ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction Increasing the immune system's function of fighting infectious diseases is very important in the poultry industry. Ginger, scientifically known as Zingiber officinale, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. The use of ginger in the diet of poultry increases serum levels of superoxide dismutase enzymes and glutathione peroxidase, which are considered to be important antioxidant enzymes. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of ginger on the spleen tissue of broiler chickens. Material and Methods The specimens comprised 2 groups of 20 Ross breed broiler chicks, for 42 days and were then, examined and tested. The diet was supplemented with 1 g/kg of ginger powder from the beginning of the rearing period. Blood samples of the chicks were randomly collected to measure the levels of hemagglutination (HI). The removed spleens were fixed with 10% formalin buffer. The specimens were cut in 5-micron diameters and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results and Conclusion There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of HI blood titers between the chicks in the growth period and final period groups (p < 0.05). The white-pulp tissue samples were more clearly seen in the treatment group than in the control group, and also, it was observed that the wall of the central artery of the white pulp was thicker in the ginger-treated group as compared with the control group. The nutritional value of ginger may vary. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the effect of this plant final on weight gain; the serum factors associated with the metabolic chart, and the response of the immune system to this plant.

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