scholarly journals Effects of long-term occlusal hypofunction and its recovery on the morphogenesis of molar roots and the periodontium in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Motokawa ◽  
Akiko Terao ◽  
Ersan I. Karadeniz ◽  
Masato Kaku ◽  
Toshitsugu Kawata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disuse Atrophy ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Recovery Groups

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the effects of long-term, artificially created, hypofunctional occlusion and its recovery on the morphology of rat molar roots. Material and Methods: Eighteen 5-week-old Wistar-strain male rats were randomly divided according to their periodontal conditions into normal, hypofunctional, and recovery groups (n  =  6 in each). In the experimental hypofunctional and recovery groups, a bite-raising appliance was set to produce hypofunction at the molar region. All groups were analyzed at 16 weeks of age using three-dimensional micro-computed tomography. Root length, width, and area as well as the thickness and the area of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space of the maxillary first molar were calculated. Results: Roots were longer and narrower in the hypofunctional group than in the control group. The mesial root in particular showed a dramatic change. Root area also decreased significantly in the hypofunctional group compared to the other groups. Moreover, the PDL thickness and area decreased significantly in the hypofunctional group compared to the control group, but increased in the recovery group compared to the hypofunctional group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that root size and PDL structure may be reduced due to disuse atrophy resulting from a defect in occlusal function, but may be recovered following a gain of occlusal stimuli.

Nicotine-induced impairments of spatial cognition and long-term potentiation in adolescent male rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Han ◽  
L An ◽  
B Yang ◽  
L Si ◽  
T Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Term Potentiation

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cognitive behavioral impairment, induced by nicotine in offspring rats, was associated with the alteration of hippocampal short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP) and to discuss the potential underlying mechanism. Young adult offspring rats were randomly divided into three groups. The groups include: control group (CC), nicotine group 1 (NC), in which their mothers received nicotine from gestational day 3 (GD3) to GD18, and nicotine group 2 (CN), in which young adult offspring rats received nicotine from postnatal day 42 (PD42) to PD56. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed and then field excitatory postsynaptic potentials elicited by the stimulation of perforant pathway were recorded in the hippocampal dentate gyrus region. The results of the MWM test showed that learning and memory were impaired by either prenatal or postnatal nicotine exposure. In addition, it was found that there was no statistical difference of the MWM data between both nicotine treatments. In the electrophysiological test, LTP and STP were significantly inhibited in both NC and CN groups in comparison with the CC group. Notably, STP in CN group was also lower than that in the NC group. These findings suggested that both prenatal and postnatal exposure to nicotine induced learning and memory deficits, while the potential mechanism might be different from each other due to their dissimilar impairments of synaptic plasticity.

Spiral CT Analysis of the Effect of Long-Term Heavy-Load Wrist Movement on Metacarpal Bone Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-852
Author(s):  
Lirong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Volume Percentage

In order to analyze the influence of long-term heavy-load wrist exercise on metacarpal structure based on spiral CT, the metacarpal data of five groups of long-term heavy-load wrist athletes and volunteers are compared. The measurement parameters are cancellous bone volume, cortical bone volume, cancellous bone volume percentage and cortical bone volume percentage. After three-dimensional reconstruction and three-dimensional image cutting of metacarpal CT images and comparing the measured parameters, the volume of cancellous metacarpal bone in the experimental group is larger than that in the control group, which indicates that long-term and heavy-load wrist exercise can produce stress stimulation on metacarpal bone, which can reconstruct bone tissue and change its composition.

scholarly journals Changes in the sizes of the kidney after contralateral nephrectomy in the experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
V.M. Monastyrskyi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

The evaluation of renal measurements such as length, width and thickness, volume is important in the diagnosis and treatment of many renal disorders, since there is a close relationship between the sizes of the kidneys and its function. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare during the postoperative period changes in the mass and sizes of the kidney left after nephrectomy in the sexually mature male rats. An experimental study was carried out on 84 sexually mature white male rats weighing 178-194 grams. Animals were divided into two groups: control (42 rats) and experimental (42 rats). In the control group, the animals under ketamine anesthesia were followed by an abdominal cavity dilution, after which the abdominal wall was applied in a row. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention – nephrectomy of the left kidney. The animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. Their weight was determined on the laboratory scale of HLR-200 up to 0.1 mg, and the length, width and thickness of the organ were measured with the help of a caliper to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. Calculated the volume of the kidney. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 5.5 using parametric methods for evaluating the results. It was established that the mass, length, width, thickness and volume of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, as compared with the control group, were statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The fraction of the growth of the width and thickness of the single kidney of animals in the experimental group compared with the control animals in the animals was statistically significantly greater than the proportion of kidney growth during the postoperative period. It was found that the largest increase in the mass and thickness of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period, and the greatest increase in the length and width of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 14 days of the postoperative period.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SAWILANGIT (Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI VAKSIN DPT

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Asriyani Samiun ◽  
Edwin De Queljoe ◽  
Irma Antasionasti
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Vernonia Cinerea ◽  
Dpt Vaccine

ABSTRACTSawilangit leaves (Vernonia Cinerea (L.) Less) is a plant that contains flavonoids as an antipyretic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of flavonoid compounds from ethanol extract of sawilangit (Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less) leaves as an antipyretic in male white rats Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) induced by DPT vaccine. A total of 15 male rats were divided into 5 treatment groups, namely the negative control group (CMC 1%), the positive control group (paracetamol), and the ethanol extract group of sawilangit leaves with a dose of 200 mg, a dose of 400 mg, a dose of 800 mg. Each mouse was induced intramuscularly with a DPT vaccine at a dose of 0.3 ml. Temperature measurements were carried out before and after induction, then every 30 minutes after giving the test material from the 30th minute to the 180th minute. Data were analyzed statistically with One Way ANOVA and continued with LSD test to see significant differences between treatments. The results showed that the ethanol extract of sawilangit leaves had an antipyretic effect on male white rats Wistar strain..Key words: Antipyretics, Vernonia Cinerea, male white rats ABSTRAKDaun Sawilangit  (Vernonia Cinerea (L.) Less) adalah salah satu tanaman yang mengandung zat Flavonoid sebagai antipiratik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya efektivitas senyawa flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol daun sawilangit (Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less) sebagai antipiretik pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi vaksin DPT. Sebanyak 15 ekor tikus putih jantan dibagi 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (CMC 1%), kelompok kontrol positif (parasetamol), dan kelompok ekstrak etanol daun sawilangit dosis 3,6 mg, dosis 7,2 mg, dosis 14,4 mg. setiap tikus diinduksi vaksin DPT dosis 0,3 ml secara intramuscular. Pengukuran suhu dilakuan sebelum dan sesudah induksi, kemudian setiap 30 menit  setelah pemberian bahan uji dari menit ke-30 sampai menit ke-180. Data dianalisis secara statistika dengan One Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji LSD untuk melihat beda nyata antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Ekstrak etanol daun sawilangit mempunyai efek antipiretik terhadap tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Kata kunci: Antipiretik, Vernonia Cinerea, tikus putih jantan

scholarly journals JUS SEMANGKA MENURUNKAN NEUTROFIL TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Rizky Prihandari ◽  
Lailatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

Cigarette smoke contains many hazardous substances and free radical which affect respiratory system. Watermelon “Sugar Baby” juice contain lycopene as antiinfl ammation. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of watermelon as antiinfl ammation toward neutrophils count in wistar strain male rats exposed by  cigarette smoke. This study was an experimental laboratory research with pre and post test control group design. Sample consisted of 24 wistar strain male rats with ±150-230 grams weight and 3 months old which were divided into four groups. Control group was given placebo (aquadest) and treatment groups were given w atermelon juice with terraced quantity (1.5 ml, 2.5 ml, and 3.5 ml). Every group was given two sticks of cigarette smoked per day during two weeks then smoked with treatment during one week. Neutrophil from peripheral smear was observed by manual method and statistically analyzed using Anova Mixed Design and continued with One Way Anova. The result showed signifi cant increased of  neutrophil at second observation on control group (p=0.002) and treatment groups (p=0.000). Signifi cance decreased also found in the treatment groups’s at third observation p=0.000. Signifi cant between each group p= 0.017. There was signifi cant different between control and treatment groups but there was no signifi cant different between each treatment groups. This study concluded that there was decreased of  neutrophil in wistar strain male rats which were given w atermelon juice 1.5 ml, 2.5 ml, and 3.5 ml during infl ammation. 3.5 ml w atermelon juice which were given showed better result as antiinfl ammation..

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORIANDER (Coriandrum sativum L.) EXTRACTS ON REDUCING THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS OF ALLOXAN INDUCED WISTAR MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Kalvin Dersing
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Sugar Levels

AbstractBackground : Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic syndrome in the whole world with an incidence of 1-8%. This disease arises when insufficient insulin is produced or insulin cannot function properly.The ability of coriander juice water extract is expected to reduce blood glucose levels because the action is similar to insulin and can stimulate insulin release. Purpose : Knowing effectiveness coriander extract (Coriandrum sativum L.)to decline blood sugar levels in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) wistar strain induced by alloxan. Method : This is a pure experimental study (true-experiment) using a pre and post test design with control group design using subjects namely white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) male Wistar strain aged 10-12 weeks with a weight of 150-200 grams. By looking at changes in blood sugar levels during administration of alloxan and administration of coriander extract. Results : There were significant changes in some groups induced alloxan (p <0.05), but the effect of coriander extract was not very significant (p> 0.05). Conclusion : Coriander extract can control blood sugar levels to be stable or normal, but it takes longer and more research.  Keywords : coriander extract, blood sugar levels, alloxan

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF GLUCOSES CONCENTRATION IN CHRONIC SEPSIS MODEL IN RATS

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Dragica Stojanović ◽  
Ružica Ašanin ◽  
Milica Ninković ◽  
Živorad Malićević ◽  
Igor Stojanov
Keyword(s):  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Sepsis Model ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Pure Bacterial Culture ◽  
Mixed Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria Culture ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

We induced clinical form of sepsis in rats by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) with mixed and pure culture of bacteria, with the aim to monitor glucose concentration in sepsis. The trial was carried out on 104 male rats, Wistar strain, body mass 190 to 240 g. The rats were divided in four groups consisting of 28 animals, and a control group of 20 animals. The period of observations were 12, 24, 72 and 120 hours after surgical intervention. In the examined sepsis model, a significant hypoglycemic activity was noticed in early sepsis (12 and 24 hours), but in the group with mixed bacteria culture only after 72 hours. Hyperglycemia was registered in late sepsis (72 hours) in the group of rats where sepsis was caused by pure bacterial culture of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, without statistic significance compared to the findings in the control group.

scholarly journals Effect of long-term hyperglycemia on cornea and retina morphology in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
А.А. Панов ◽  
Е.М. Ржавина ◽  
М.П. Морозова ◽  
А.К. Ердяков ◽  
С.А. Гаврилова
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Central Retina ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Цель исследования - изучение динамики морфологических изменений роговицы и заднего отдела глаза крыс при длительной гипергликемии. Методика. Исследование выполнено на 36 самцах крыс Wistar. Сахарный диабет индуцировали внутрибрюшинной инъекцией стрептозотоцина (65 мг/кг), после чего ежедневно вводили подкожно малые дозы инсулина (2 ЕД/кг). На 50-е, 58-е и 66-е сут эксперимента производили энуклеацию глаз у глубоко наркотизированных животных. Гистологические срезы фрагментов глаз окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином, проводили морфометрию параметров роговицы и сетчатки. Результаты. Средняя концентрация глюкозы и кетоновых тел крови в группе сахарного диабета составила 29,8 ммоль/л и 0,889 ммоль/л, в контрольной группе - 6,2 ммоль/л и 0,847 ммоль/л соответственно. Анализ гистологических срезов глаз выявил признаки отека роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки до появления других качественных и количественных морфологических изменений. Заключение. Оценка толщины роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки может служить предиктором развития диабетической ретинопатии. The aim was to study morphological changes in the cornea and the posterior part of rat eye during prolonged hyperglycemia. Methods. The study was performed on 36 Wistar male rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by daily injections of low doses of insulin (2 U/kg, s.c.). Eyes were enucleated from deeply anesthetized rats on days 50, 58, and 66 of the experiment. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and morphometry of the cornea and the retina was performed. Results. Mean blood concentrations of glucose and ketone bodies were 29.8 mmol/L and 0.889 mmol/L, respectively, in the diabetic group and 6.2 mmol/L and 0.847 mmol/L, respectively, in the control group. The histological analysis revealed signs of edema in the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina, which preceded other morphological changes. Conclusion. Evaluating thickness of the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina may serve for prediction of diabetic retinopathy.

TRIIODOTHYRONINE METABOLISM IN DIABETIC RATS

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Boado ◽  
T. J. Brown ◽  
N. R. Bromage ◽  
A. J. Matty ◽  
A. A. Zaninovich
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Binding Avidity ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Uptake Method

ABSTRACT Triiodothyronine (T3) metabolism was assessed in untreated and in insulin-treated diabetic rats and the results compared with a corresponding control group. Male rats of the Wistar strain were made diabetic by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan in a dose of 17.5 mg/100 g body weight and thereafter maintained normoglycaemic for a week and until 24 h before initiation of the study. The average glycaemia in control and in insulin-treated animals was 135 mg/100 ml, whereas in the untreated diabetic rats it was 455 mg/100 ml. Each animal was injected a tracer dose of [125I]T3 containing 2 μCi of 125I and 15 ng of T3. Heparinized blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture at 5, 18 and 24 h following the injection of the tracer. The excretion of inorganic 125I in the 24-h collections of urine was also determined. The kinetics of [125I]T3 were studied by the extrapolation method using the straight line of plasma disappearance between 5 and 24 h. It was found that the untreated diabetic rats had a significant slowing of plasma disappearance of labelled T3. The decrease in fractional hormone turnover was balanced by a slight expansion of the distribution space, which presumably led to a larger hormone pool and a normal degradation rate of T3. These events seemed substantiated by the normal excretion of 125I in the urine observed in untreated animals. A parallel study of plasma hormone binding using a red cell uptake method showed a significant reduction of binding avidity for T3 by plasma proteins in the untreated diabetic animals. The administration of insulin restored plasma T3 kinetics and binding avidity to normal, as observed in control rats. It was concluded that untreated diabetes mellitus induced changes in T3 kinetics and in T3 serum binding without altering hormone deiodination, parameter which reflects tissue utilization of T3.

scholarly journals Effects of castration and testosterone replacement on peritoneal histamine concentration and lung histamine concentration in pubertal male rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP Lima ◽  
LO Lunardi ◽  
E AA Rosa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Tissues

Mast cells, which are the main source of histamine, are significantly affected by sex steroids. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of bilateral castration and testosterone replacement on peritoneal histamine concentration and lung histamine concentration in pubertal male rats (Wistar strain). Three groups of animals were used in this study: (1) untreated castrated animals, (2) castrated animals subjected to androgen replacement by injection of propionate of testosterone, and (3) intact males as a control group. Castration alone produced a dramatic reduction in peritoneal histamine concentration. In addition, androgen replacement was effective in restoring the histamine concentration to the normal value detected in the control males (P<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). On the other hand, there was no significant variation in the lung histamine concentration between control males, untreated castrated males and castrated males that received androgen replacement (P<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). These results demonstrate for the first time that castration markedly reduces the peritoneum histamine concentration in pubertal male rats, and testosterone replacement prevents the decrease. Further, these procedures do not affect lung histamine concentration, demonstrating that mast cells from different tissues may respond differently to the same biological factors.

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