scholarly journals Threshold of Adversity: Resilience and the Prevention of Extremism Through Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Saija Riikka Benjamin ◽  
Liam Gearon ◽  
Arniika Kuusisto ◽  
Pia Koirikivi
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
Policy Relevance ◽  
Starting Point

This article introduces the concept of ‘threshold of adversity’ as an, at present, tentative means of understanding the turning points to radicalization and extremism within educational systems. The conceptual frame is, we argue, of pedagogical and policy relevance across and beyond Nordic countries. Across Nordic countries, the main objective for the prevention of radicalization and extremism through education (PVE-E) is to strengthen the students’ resilience against ideological influences. Given the specialist complexities of the interdisciplinary research literature on terrorism, from which much PVE-E derives, for teachers and policy-makers, understanding the theoretical contexts, which underlie such policy innovations and their pedagogical implementation, are, understandably, problematic. To discuss extremism and the possibilities of its prevention especially in the education sector, an understanding of what exactly is being prevented or fought against is needed. Our conceptual ‘threshold of adversity’ model offers at least a starting point for a more practicable pedagogical implementation.

Performance-Based Pay: Investigating its International Prevalence in Light of National Contexts

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 865-879
Author(s):  
Naomi Aoki ◽  
Stuti Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
National Context ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Performance Based Pay ◽  
Pattern Of Performance

Performance-based pay is a popular technique in public management, but its international prevalence remains poorly evidenced. This study asks to what extent countries are using performance-based pay and how local contexts matter to its adoption status. Focusing on the education sector, we report on the varying degrees to which teacher appraisals have been used and linked with monetary rewards across countries as of 2012. We found that performance-based pay tended to be used more in less liberal economies, in cultures with a lower degree of uncertainty avoidance and a higher degree of individualism, in those with more decentralized educational systems, and surprisingly, in places where teachers exert greater influence. Our results suggest that some country contexts matter to the prevalence pattern of performance-based pay, and they offer policy makers some insights into the debate on whether a managerial technique like this, used in other countries, is transferrable to their own national context.

scholarly journals What Works for Underrepresented Groups? Identifying Effective Measures for Enhancing Access to Higher Education in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-196
Author(s):  
Simona Torotcoi ◽  
Delia Gologan ◽  
Anastasia Kurysheva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Prospective Students ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Underrepresented Groups ◽  
What Works

Abstract Over the last three decades, policy-makers have developed numerous measures, policies, projects and programs with the intention to increase the enrolment and participation of underrepresented groups, however, little is known about the ways in which such initiatives shape opportunities for potential students. Knowing which of these initiatives work and whether they are achieving their intended goals is of utmost importance for policy-makers across Europe. This paper aims to collect, document, scrutinize and critically analyze the current research literature which assesses the effectiveness of different public initiatives at Higher Education Institutions’ (HEIs) level for widening access for underrepresented groups and, at the same time, to identify gaps and make recommendations for potential further research. The 17 identified studies can be categorized based on the access measures they analyze: (1) outreach, counselling and mentoring of prospective students; (2) financial aid measures, and (3) preparatory courses and programs. The findings show that there are little research and information about the actual outcomes of most measures to increase access to HE. We found a lack of adequate, reliable and consistently collected data about the policy instruments already put to practice. Since there is no excuse for the lack of effective action towards more equitable educational systems, more evidence-based approaches will be necessary to learn from these specific access measures and move forward towards more efficient equity policies.

scholarly journals Anxiety Level of University Students During COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Bakr Khoshaim ◽  
Areej Al-Sukayt ◽  
Karuthan Chinna ◽  
Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Sheela Sundarasen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
University Students ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Enemy ◽  
Anxiety Levels

COVID-19 is the worst pandemic of this millennium, and it is considered to be the “public enemy number one.” This catastrophe has changed the way we live in the blink of an eye. Not only has it threatened our existence and health status, but the damage associated with it could equally affect our economic, social, and educational systems. The focus of this study was on the anxiety level of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted between March and June 2020. A questionnaire was administered online, and 400 completed questionnaires were returned. In this study, the Zung self-rating anxiety scale was used to determine the anxiety levels among the respondents. The results indicated that about 35% of the students experienced moderate to extreme levels of anxiety. Anxiety was highly associated with age, sex, and level of education. These findings can enlighten government agencies and policy makers on the importance of making prompt, effective decisions to address students' anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers are encouraged to focus their future studies on how to develop strategies to boost students' resilience and enhance their adaptability skills for similar disasters in the future.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Implementation of Cohesion Policy on the Sustainable Development of EU Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Pîrvu ◽  
Cristian Drăgan ◽  
Gheorghe Axinte ◽  
Sorin Dinulescu ◽  
Mihaela Lupăncescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Official Data ◽  
The Eu

The impact of implementation of cohesion policy on the sustainable development of EU countries is of great interest and presents a number of actual challenges. This research aims to evaluate the impact and the effects of the cohesion policy among the Member States using hierarchical clustering analysis in order to identify how the selected variables affect the sustainable development adopted models. The variables used in the analysis were selected on the basis of official data provided by the European Commission, SDG Index and Dashboards Reports and the EU Cohesion Monitor. The results of the research have led to the grouping of the 28 Member States in a number of six clusters, identifying performers but also those countries that have a high potential for sustainable development or which require increased attention to be sustained in recovering existing gaps. The results of the study can be a starting point for policy makers and other stakeholders involved in their efforts to support sustainable development through effective and effective policies.

Reflections on the theme issue outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Gunjan M. Sanjeev ◽  
Richard Teare
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cost Competitiveness ◽  
Hotel Sector ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The paper aims to profile the theme issue of Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes titled “How is the need for innovation being addressed by the Indian hospitality industry?” with reference to the experiences of the theme editor, contributors from the industry and academia and the theme issue outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses structured questions to enable the theme editor to reflect on the rationale for their theme issue question, the starting-point, the selection of the writing team and material and the editorial process. Findings It highlights recent innovations that have taken place in the Indian hospitality industry especially in the areas of customer service, cost competitiveness, culinary management, revenue management and technology. Practical implications As hotel sector investment in India intensifies, this theme issue will be of interest to hoteliers, policy makers, analysts and others interested in the role that innovation can play in helping to facilitate differentiation between competing hotel products and services. Originality/value There is limited literature available on industry innovations in the Indian context. All the papers in this theme issue were written after several cycles of interaction between academics and practitioners and so they incorporate real–time, relevant and contemporary data.

Achieving the SDGs through interdisciplinary research in global health

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 793-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibylle L Herzig Van Wees ◽  
Mats Målqvist ◽  
Rachel Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Health Research ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
New Research

The Swedish Global Health Research Conference held in Stockholm, 18–19 April 2018, convened researchers from across Sweden’s universities to foster collaboration and new research. In response to the theme of the conference, How can Sweden contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals? From research to action, many of the plenary and keynote speakers highlighted the importance of interdisciplinary research and teaching. This commentary draws upon a workshop discussing interdisciplinarity, which took place at the conference. Participants included senior professors, lecturers, students and collaborators from the private sector and civil society and we discussed the conceptual and structural challenges that prevent engagement in interdisciplinary research. Although the workshop focused on the Swedish context, issues will be familiar to researchers working outside of Sweden. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals highlight the grand challenges for global society and are intertwined, with progress in one affecting progress in all others. With this starting point, we argue that interdisciplinary research is the way to achieve them. Accordingly, we need to overcome the conceptual and structural challenges that can hinder it. We therefore argue for a paradigm shift of how we value knowledge. We also call for fundamental changes in external and internal (university-level) funding structures, and for the strengthening of interdisciplinary global health teaching.

scholarly journals Inclusive education’s promises and trajectories: Critical notes about future research on a venerable idea

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo J. Artiles ◽  
Elizabeth B. Kozleski
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Education Agenda ◽  
Critical Notes

The purpose of this article is to offer critical notes on inclusive education research in the U.S. We discuss issues germane to conceptual clarity and the ways in which inclusive education interacts with reforms that share equity goals, noting disruptions and unintended consequences that arise at the nexus of these reforms. In addition, we identify enduring challenges and paradoxes in this research literature. These include sampling issues, an emphasis on where students are placed as a proxy for inclusive education vis-à-vis inclusive education as the transformation of educational systems, the ways in which outcome measures have been examined in this research, and the need for and challenges of building strategic alliances that could advance an inclusive education agenda. We conclude with reflections and suggestions for a future research program that include sharpening inclusion’s identity, attending to the fluid nature of ability differences and students’ multiple identities, broadening the unit of analysis to systems of activities, and documenting processes and outcomes.

scholarly journals Samfundsforskning og tekst - det skotske tilfælde som metodisk problem

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Henrik Halkier
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

The present paper explores some possible links between linguistics and social science, departing from an example of textual analysis originating in research in progress. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of historical textual analysis and to the relationship between social phenomena and the concepts employed by social scientists. It is argued that the presence of common theoretical problems and shared methodologies provides an interesting starting point for future interdisciplinary research and for up-to-date teaching of post-graduate students.

scholarly journals From "Real Rape" to Real Justice? Reflections on the Efficacy of More Than 35 years of Feminism, Activism and Law Reform

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Trial Process ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Real Change ◽  
The University

In this article, the author develops her observations made during the 2012 Suffrage Lecture at the University of Otago. Using the lecture as the starting point, the article considers what law reform over more than 35 years has actually achieved, with a specific focus on the admissibility of evidence about a complainant's previous sexual experience in a criminal case involving rape allegations. It concludes that although policy makers and legislators have been responsive to the concerns expressed by complainants about their treatment in the trial process, little real change to that experience has occurred. More fundamental work needs to be done by way of preventative education, challenging rape mythology and developing new processes to resolve allegations of sexual offending. These are the challenges for the next 35 years. 

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Macsotay ◽  
Cornelis van der Haven ◽  
Karel Vanhaesebrouck
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Catholic Priest ◽  
The Third ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Starting Point

Taking the infamous Theatrum Crudelitatum Haereticorum nostri temporis by the Catholic priest Richard Verstegan as its starting point, this chapter introduces the reader to the over-arching agenda of the book, clearly formulating its interdisciplinary research agenda. The Hurt(ful) Body focuses on both literal and metaphorical violence, performed and depicted in early modern performing and visual arts. Indeed, Theatrum Crudelitatum is a very outspoken example of the issues at stake in this book: the violence inflicted on bodies and the representation of this very same violence, in theatres, in pictures and paintings but also in non-artistic modes of representation. In the introduction, the editors describe the threefold structure of the book. The first part will focus mainly on performing bodies (on stage), whereas the second part will discuss the pain of someone who watches the suffering of others, both in regard to theatre audiences and beholders of art, as well as to the onlooker in art: the theatre character or individual on canvas who is watching a(nother) hurt body. The third and final part will analyse how this circulation of gazes and affects functions within a specific institutional context, paying particular interest to the performative context of public space.

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