scholarly journals The Determinant Factor of the Principal Leadership Solutions in Facing the 21st-Century Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saifurrahman ◽  
Putu Sudira ◽  
Rihab Wit Daryono
Keyword(s):  
Principal Leadership ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
21St Century Learning ◽  
T Test ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

Principal leadership is very important in the education and learning efforts of the 21st-century. This study aims to find determinants of principal leadership solutions in dealing with 21st-century learning in Vocational High Schools (VHS). This research was conducted with a total sample of 64 respondents from the principals, the vice principal for field I-IV, the head of department, and staff. The data analysis used the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method to test the validity of the constructs and to estimate the reliability of the data. Furthermore, the t-test, One Way Anova, and Games-Howell test were used to test the difference in the average rating based on the characteristics of the respondent's dimensions. The results of the EFA analysis show that seven sub-variables are consisting of 29 determinants of the principal's leadership solution which are identified at 74.266%. The results of the instrument reliability estimation have a reliable level. Based on the different tests using the t-test on the gender dimension and the One Way Anova test on the last position and education dimension, it was concluded that there was no significant difference in the assessment of respondents. The Games-Howell test post-hoc revealed that there were significant differences based on the 29-33 year age dimension and the 5-9-year-old teaching experience dimension.

scholarly journals Correlation of frankfort horizontal with the sellanasion line angular data in different sagittal skeletal bases

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1088-1093
Author(s):  
Mathew Thomas Maliael ◽  
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Class I ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
Angular Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

It is of interest to establish the cephalometric correlation of angular data between frankfort horizontal and the sella-nasion line in different sagittal skeletal bases. Beta angle was used to divide the sample based on their sagittal skeletal base relationship. The FH-SN angle was measured for each group. The data were tabulated into IBM SPSS software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test was done to test the normal distribution of the data. One-way ANOVA analysis was done to test the difference of the FH-SN angle among the groups. Independent samples t-Test was done to test for gender dimorphism. The mean FH-SN angle of the sample was 6.33°3.35°. The results of the One-Way ANOVA and independent samples t-Test were insignificant. Results show that is no statistically significant difference in FHSN angle between skeletal class I, II and III.The mean FH-SN angle of the sample was 6.33°3.35°. The distribution of the data was normal. The results of the One-Way ANOVA and Independent samples t-Test were insignificant. There was no statistically significant difference in FH-SN angle between skeletal class I, II and III.

scholarly journals AGGRESSIVENESS, PESANTREN AND SHIYAM (A COMPARATIVE STUDY)

Proyeksi ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Fitriyah Fitriyah ◽  
Falasifatul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Religious Fasting

Aggressive behaviors by adolescents in Indonesia has perceived as national problem. This problem ofbehavior occur among all background of teenagers, including young people who had religiousbackground. There are two purposes of the study: 1). To examine the difference of aggressivenessbetween adolescent living in pesantren and adolescent living outside pesantren; and 2). To examine thedifference of aggressiveness among adolescents doing different frequency of religious fasting (shiyam),especially non-obligatory (sunnah) fasting on Monday or Thursday. The population of study was 11 to 21years old male-Moslem adolescent living in Kelurahan Bangunharjo, Semarang. Samples of study takenwith random sampling, based on data of residences in Kelurahan Bagunharjo Semarang. Twohypotheses were proposed in this study: 1). There are different aggressiveness between adolescentsliving in pesantren and ones living outside of pesantren; and 2). There are different aggressivenessamong adolescents doing different frequencies of Monday-Thursday shiyam. The first examinationemploying independent sample t-test resulted in t=-4,902 which p=0,00 (p<0,01), showed that the firsthypothesis was proved: there was a very significant difference of aggressiveness between the group ofMuslim-male adolescents living in pesantren and the group of others, the first group showed loweraggressiveness. The second examination employing one-way anova resulted in F=16,736 which p=0, 00(p<0, 01), showed that the second hypothesis was also proved: there was a very significant difference ofaggressiveness among the groups of Muslim-male adolescents with different frequency of religiousfasting (shiyam): the more frequency of religious fasting, the lower aggressiveness was. The result ofstudy suggested that both religious living environment and religious fasting might give contribution todecrease aggressiveness on adolescents.

scholarly journals Asertivitas Perokok Pasif Ditinjau dari Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Rokok dan Jenis Kelamin

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Rachmawati Rachmawati ◽  
Amalia Juniarly ◽  
Nurul Izati
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Passive Smoker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this study is to examine the difference of passive smokers’ assertiveness in terms of their knowledge level of cigarette, and their sexes. The hypothesis is that there is a difference of passive smokers’ assertiveness in terms of their knowledge level of cigarettes, and their sexes. The sample of this study was 314 people divided into 157 male passive smokers and 157 female passive smokers. All participants are living in Palembang city, South Sumatra. Two instruments were used to collect data, namely the scale of assertiveness and the questionnaire of the level of cigarette knowledge. Data were analyzed using one-way anova and t-test. The result shows that there is a significant difference of passive smokers’ assertiveness in terms of the cigarette knowledge level, with p = 0,000 (p <0,05). Likewise, there is a significant difference of assertiveness between male and female passive smokers, with p = 0,000 (p <0.05). Thus, the hypothesis of this study is accepted.Key words: Assertiveness, passive smoker, knowledge of cigarettes, sex.Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan asertivitas perokok pasif ditinjau dari tingkat pengetahuan tentang rokok dan jenis kelamin. Hipotesis penelitian yaitu ada perbedaan asertivitas perokok pasif ditinjau dari tingkat pengetahuan tentang rokok dan jenis kelamin.. Sampel penelitian adalah 314 orang yang terbagi menjadi 157 orang perokok pasif laki-laki dan 157 perokok pasif perempuan. Seluruh partisipan adalah warga kota Palembang, Sumatera Selatan. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala asertivitas dan angket tingkat pengetahuan tentang rokok. Analisis data menggunakan one-way anova dan t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan asertivitas perokok pasif ditinjau dari tingkat pengetahuan tentang rokok dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05) dan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara asertivitas perokok pasif laki-laki dan asertivitas perokok pasif perempuan, dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Dengan demikian, hipotesis penelitian ini dapat diterima.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Handball Attitudes of Secondary School Students in Terms of Some Variables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai Çakir ◽  
Mehmet Ali Ceyhan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this study is to examine the behaviours of secondary school students towards the branch of handball according to some variables. The group of study occurs of a total of 727 students, 424 male and 303 female, who were voluntarily participated in the research and educated in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades of secondary schools in Gaziosmanpaşa district of Istanbul province in the 2020-2021 academic year. “Handball Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students” developed by Görgüt and Güllü (2017) was used as a datum collection appliance in the study. Statistical analysis of the data has been done with SPSS 26 program, t-test and One Way Anova tests. According to the classes that the students have studied and the sports branches they are interested in; If it is one-way, the One Way Anova test has been used to define the resource of the difference in cases where the relationship between the variables has been significant, and in cases where the variances have been homogeneous, the LSD test, one of the PostHoc tests, has been used. In the research findings, in the LSD tests, it has been revealed that there has been no positive or negative significant difference in the handball branch according to the classes that the students studied, and it has used a positive impact on the handball branch according to the sports branches of interest. (p&lt;0.05). With reference to the conclusions of the t-test performed by looking at the gender of the students, It was concluded that there had been a significant difference between their attitudes towards the branch of handball (p&lt;0.05). However, there has been no significant difference in the attitudes of the students against the branch of handball according to the sports status of the students and the sports status of their parents. It has emerged that the interest of secondary school students and their families in sports does not affect the handball branch positively or negatively.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Handball Attitudes of Secondary School Students in Terms of Some Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai Çakir ◽  
◽  
Mehmet Ali Ceyhan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this study is to examine the behaviours of secondary school students towards the branch of handball according to some variables. The group of study occurs of a total of 727 students, 424 male and 303 female, who were voluntarily participated in the research and educated in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades of secondary schools in Gaziosmanpaşa district of Istanbul province in the 2020-2021 academic year. “Handball Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students” developed by Görgüt and Güllü (2017) was used as a datum collection appliance in the study. Statistical analysis of the data has been done with SPSS 26 program, t-test and One Way Anova tests. According to the classes that the students have studied and the sports branches they are interested in; If it is one-way, the One Way Anova test has been used to define the resource of the difference in cases where the relationship between the variables has been significant, and in cases where the variances have been homogeneous, the LSD test, one of the PostHoc tests, has been used. In the research findings, in the LSD tests, it has been revealed that there has been no positive or negative significant difference in the handball branch according to the classes that the students studied, and it has used a positive impact on the handball branch according to the sports branches of interest. (p<0.05). With reference to the conclusions of the t-test performed by looking at the gender of the students, It was concluded that there had been a significant difference between their attitudes towards the branch of handball (p<0.05). However, there has been no significant difference in the attitudes of the students against the branch of handball according to the sports status of the students and the sports status of their parents. It has emerged that the interest of secondary school students and their families in sports does not affect the handball branch positively or negatively.

scholarly journals Comparison of Enamel Demineralisation Scores between Passive Self-Ligation Brackets and Conventional Ligation Brackets in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment- A Laser Fluorescence Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akriti Tiwari ◽  
Ravindra Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gender Association ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

Introduction: Enamel demineralisation is often seen in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment because appliances create retentive areas around the brackets leading to food debris accumulation. The method of ligation is also an additional factor in causing plaque accumulation leading to demineralisation around the brackets. Aim: The present study aims to compare enamel demineralisation around self-ligation brackets and conventional ligation brackets at the 3rd month and 12th month of orthodontic treatment using laser fluorescence. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study aims to compare enamel demineralisation around self-ligation brackets (Damon 3mx) and conventional ligation brackets (Gemini 3M) at the 3rd month and 12th month of orthodontic treatment using laser fluorescence. Nineteen subjects who were scheduled for fixed orthodontic treatment were selected for the study and were divided into two groups that is conventional ligation and passive self-ligation. Diagnodent (DD) was used to take enamel demineralisation scores at the time of bonding (T0), 3 months (T1) and 12 months (T2) into treatment. All statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was performed to find the gender association, One-way ANOVA test was carried out to evaluate the difference of DD scores at time period T0, T1 and T2 in self-ligation group and conventional ligation group and Independent t-test was carried out to evaluate the difference of DD scores between self-ligation brackets and conventional ligation at T0, T1 and T2. Results: One-way ANOVA test reported that in conventional ligation groups there was a statistically significant difference in the mean DD scores between T0 and T1, T0 and T2 (p<0.05). Similarly, in the self-ligation group, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DD score between T0 and T1, T0 and T2 (p<0.05). Independent t-test to evaluate the difference of mean DD scores between self-ligation brackets and conventional ligation at T2 was found to be statistically non-significant (p>0.05). No gender association was noted. Conclusion: The method of ligation did not influence enamel demineralisation around orthodontic brackets.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP EFISIENSI USAHATANI PADI LAHAN RAWA DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Agus Yuniawan Isyanto ◽  
Sudrajat Sudrajat ◽  
Saepul Aziz ◽  
Anisa Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Planting Season

The study aims to determine:: (1) Efficiency of swamp rice farming in planting season I and II, (2) Differences in efficiency of swamp rice farming in planting season I and II,, and (3) actors that influence the efficiency of swamp rice farming. The study was conducted in Sukanagara Village, Lakbok Subdistrict, Ciamis District with a total sample of 41 farmers. The efficiency of swamp rice farming is analyzed using the R/C ratio, the difference in efficiency is analyzed using t test, and the factors that influence the efficiency of swamp rice farming are analyzed using multiple linear regression equations. The results showed that: (1) Farmers who achieved efficiency in swamp rice farming in planting season I were 35 people (85.36%), while in planting season II there were 41 people (100%), (2) There is a significant difference between the efficiency of swamp rice farming in planting season I and II, and (3) Land area, capital, education and planting season have a significant effect on the efficiency of swamp rice farming. While age, experience and the number of family dependents did not significantly influence the efficiency of swamp rice farming.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING OF TEACHER IN PEKAN DISTRICT ON 21st CENTURY LEARNING

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-12
Author(s):  
Ji Xiang Huang ◽  
Zanaton Hj Iksan
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
21St Century Learning ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of the study is to identify the level of understanding of teachers in 21st Century Learning. 21st Century Learning is introduced and carried out by the Malaysia Education Ministry in schools. The study used a quantitative approach where questionnaires are used to collect data. The respondents consisted of 385 primary school teachers that were teaching in Pekan District. The data are analyzed by using Statistical Packages for The Social Science (SPSS) version 23. The descriptive data used are mean and standard deviation while the inferential data used are independent t-test and one-way ANOVA test. The data collected are analyzed by 6 constructs such as the common knowledge of 21st-century learning, communication, collaboration, critical thinking, creativity, positive values, and etiquette. The inferential data showed there are no significant differences between male and female teachers on the level of understanding of teachers on the 21st Century Learning. Meanwhile, there is a significant difference in the level of understanding of teachers on the 21st Century Learning by the experience of teaching. The study helps teachers and schools to carry on adaptation on their teaching to more toward 21st-century learning. The study also helps the Malaysia Education Ministry to identify the advantages and weaknesses of the 21st Century Learning Kit. The improvement done will help ensure the 21st Century Learning can be practiced by teachers in school.

Effect of smoking on cardiovascular autonomic functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3780-3784
Author(s):  
P.Vani ◽  
◽  
Sharan B Singh M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
T Test ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a prime risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Chronic smoking results in autonomic dysfunction leading to increased cardiovascular risk in smokers. The present study was planned to study the effect of smoking on the Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions among smokers. Materials and Methods: Fifty male subjects who were in the age group of 25 to 45 years. They were grouped into 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers. The participant subjects were selected among the staff members, residents and the patients from the routine OPD in SVIMS. Prior to study, they were informed about the procedure and the purpose of the study tests and written consents were obtained from them. The Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Tests were assessed by using a POLYGRAPH which was available in the department. Results and Conclusion: After applying the ‘t’-test for the difference between the two sample means, it was observed that there was a highly significant difference between the mean values of the BMI(i.e.p<0.01) and the para-sympathetic function tests among the smokers and the non – smokers(i.e.p<0.00). The Resting Heart Rate had significantly increased and the Deep breathing difference, the postural tachycardial index (Response to standing) and the Valsalva Ratio had significantly decreased in the smokers as compared to those in the non – smokers. After applying the ‘t’-test for the difference between the two sample means, it was observed that there was no significant difference between the mean values of the Postural hypotension test (i.e. p>0.05) and that there was a highly significant difference between the mean values of the Sustained handgrip test in the smokers and the non – smokers (i.e. p<0.00). KEY WORDS: Cardiovascular autonomic function tests, Smoking, Resting heart rate.

scholarly journals Adjustment among Private and Government Nursing College’s Girl Students Who Studding from Home and Hostel

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitesh N. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Girl Students

The present investigation to find out the difference of adjustment between girl students of nursing living in home and hostel. The sample constructed of 160 girl students of nursing, out of which 80 girl students of nursing living in home, 60 from girl students of nursing living in hostel for this purpose of investigation. Adjustment stress scale Bell Adjustment Inventory (BIQ) was administered to measure their adjustment stress level. Scoring has been done as per manual. The data was analyzed by statistical ‘t’ test and correlation. Result was found that, there is significant difference in level of adjustment between girl students of nursing living in home and hostel. There is more adjustment level in the girl students of nursing who living in home then living in hostel. It was also found that, there is no significant difference between level of adjustment between private sector and government sector’s girl students of nursing.

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