Ethics and Values

Author(s):  
Alexandra Coghlan

Ethical concerns underpin the sector of sustainable tourism. Ethics is what allows us to make decisions about daily interactions with others and the world around us – it is fundamental to constructing the types of sustainable relationships that we have already discussed in Chapter 1. At its most basic level ethics distinguishes right from wrong. Its place in sustainable tourism is so important that an ethics-based platform has been suggested as an extension of the advocacy à cautionary à adaptancy à knowledge-based platforms that we reviewed in Chapter 1. Macbeth (2005) calls for a sixth platform in tourism studies, an ethics platform – he places this even after a fifth sustainability platform. An ethics platform provides us with the moral compass to make decisions about all our travel-related decisions, especially the hard ones that we don’t like to think about.

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
Dr. Premila Koppalakrishnan

The world stands on the precarious edge of an innovative transformation that will on a very basic level modify the manner in which we live, work, and identify with each other. In its scale, degree, and unpredictability, the change will be not normal for anything mankind has encountered previously. We don't yet know exactly how it will unfurl, however one thing is clear: the reaction to it should be incorporated and exhaustive, including all partners of the worldwide nation, from the general population and private segments to the scholarly community and common society. It is The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the digital revolution. The digital revolution has opened way for many impacts. All of the emirates are experiencing the effects of the “Fourth Industrial Revolution.” This revolution reflects the velocity, scope, and systems impact of a digital transformation that is changing economies, jobs, and work as it is currently known. Characteristics of the revolution include a fusion of technologies across the physical, digital, and biological spheres.


Author(s):  
Anil Verma ◽  
G. Rajendran

Delighting consumers has been one of the most important goals for marketing stakeholders but the effect of historical nostalgia on tourists delight at the world cultural heritage sites has rarely been examined. This study examines the impact of historical nostalgia on the heritage tourists' delight, their satisfaction and destination loyalty intention. The survey for the study was conducted at the world cultural heritage site of Mahabalipuram, India. The hypotheses were tested through the structural equation modelling technique. The results indicated positive and significant effect of historical nostalgia on tourists' delight, satisfaction and destination loyalty intention. The study makes contribution to the tourism studies by examining the role of historical nostalgia in delighting the tourists at the cultural heritage sites and instructs the managers to evoke such experiences to keep the heritage tourists delighted and thereby enhance their loyalty.


Author(s):  
Paul J. Bolt ◽  
Sharyl N. Cross

Chapter 1 explores perspectives on world order, including power relationships and the rules that shape state behavior and perceptions of legitimacy. After outlining a brief history of the relationship between Russia and China that ranged from cooperation to military clashes, the chapter details Chinese and Russian perspectives on the contemporary international order as shaped by their histories and current political situation. Chinese and Russian views largely coincide on security issues, the desirability of a more multipolar order, and institutions that would enhance their standing in the world. While the Chinese–Russian partnership has accelerated considerably, particularly since the crisis in Ukraine in 2014, there are still some areas of competition that limit the extent of the relationship.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mathieu D'Aquin ◽  
Stefan Dietze

The 29th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM) was held online from the 19 th to the 23 rd of October 2020. CIKM is an annual computer science conference, focused on research at the intersection of information retrieval, machine learning, databases as well as semantic and knowledge-based technologies. Since it was first held in the United States in 1992, 28 conferences have been hosted in 9 countries around the world.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-318
Author(s):  
Jagjit Plahe ◽  
Nitesh Kukreja ◽  
Sunil Ponnamperuma

Abstract Under Article 27.3(b) of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO), all members are required to extend private property rights to life forms. Using official WTO documents, this article analyzes the negotiating positions of WTO members on life patents during a review of Article 27.3(b) which commenced in 1999 and is currently ongoing. Initially, developing countries raised serious ethical concerns regarding life patents, creating a clear North-South divide. However, over time the position of Brazil and India moved away from the ethics of life patents to the prevention of bio-piracy, a position supported by China. Russia too is supportive of life patents. A group of small developing countries have, however, continued to question the morality of life patents despite this “BRIC wall,” changing the dynamics of the negotiations from a North-South divide to one which now includes a South-South divide.


Author(s):  
I Nyoman Darma Putra

This article discusses the role of women in supporting sustainable tourism development in Bali by promoting Balinese cuisine to the tourism world. To date, studies on the role of Balinese women in the tourism industry have looked mainly at women as ordinary workers or professionals. In fact, Balinese women operate as culinary entrepreneurs who have not only been successful in introducing Balinese cuisine to the world of tourism but have opened up job opportunities for men and women alike. The data presented in this article was collected through observation of four leading Balinese women who run successful local culinary outlets or restaurants offering local dishes, and is complemented by interviews and other published sources relating to their business activities. The four pioneering women surveyed are Men Tempeh of Gilimanuk (West Bali) serving chicken betutu, the suckling pig restaurant manager Ibu Oka in Ubud, the owner of Made’s Warung Ni Made Masih, and the catering company owner Ibu Warti Buleleng, based in Denpasar. This article concludes that these four Balinese culinary heroines or srikandi have successfully managed to preserve and promote Balinese dishes to the world of tourism while contributing to the sustainable development of Balinese tourism by providing opportunities for tourists to experience local cuisine.


2001 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm G. Smith

A basic-level summary is provided of work since late 1993 to control light pollution in Chile. The purpose of this article is to stimulate such work inside Chile and to promote good lighting in developing countries in general. Chile is selected as the case study because of its critical importance to optical and radio astronomy, and the related economic and cultural benefits for Chile and the world. Examples are presented in some detail in order to illustrate adjustments that have been made to accommodate local scientific, cultural and economic realities and to show that it is necessary to anticipate the issues involved in controlling light pollution several decades before it would otherwise become a problem. It is hoped that international organizations such as the IAU, the IDA and the CIE can soon promote programmes in Chile that can serve as pilot programmes for other parts of the developing world.


Author(s):  
Kate Fullagar

Chapter 2, much like Chapter 1, traces the first several decades of an eighteenth-century life, dwelling on what childhood can reveal about a whole society; when lives might be said to begin in a given culture; and how the protagonist moved within his world to reach mid-life. Its focus is the artist--philosopher Joshua Reynolds. Reynolds’s life embodies a deep conflict in British society of the time—the conflict over empire. We see Reynolds’s character develop gradually as both conservatively sceptical about Britain’s recent expansionist thrust into the world and keenly eager to make the most of all that imperial commerce was now bringing into his native country. Reynolds’s ambivalence is also reflected in his art theories, local politics, and even domestic life. While narrating his rise to artistic pre-eminence (and a philosophical devotion to neoclassical aesthetics), the chapter also shows how Reynolds built increasingly close friendships to key male literary figures of the time—especially Samuel Johnson and Edmund Burke. Through his connection to the Tory Johnson and the Whiggish Burke, we get a glimpse into Reynolds’s otherwise elusive, hard-to-read political views—especially during Britain’s greatest imperial push to date, the Seven Years War.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuraini Anang ◽  
◽  
Noorhaslinda Kulub Abdul Rashid ◽  
Azlina Abd. Aziz ◽  
◽  
...  

Tourism is the economic driver for many emerging countries, and the main key distribution components of wealth in the world. Globally, tourism generated over 10% of the world Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provided an estimation of 115 million jobs in 2017. Moreover, the tourism sector consumed 1% of the global consumption of water. This paper reviews the current literature that focuses on water usage in tourism sector and water management initiatives in tourism in order to identify the current and future contrast between water demand and supply for sustainable tourism, and to understand the key issues and challenges facing water usage in Malaysia. Furthermore, the paper examines the linkages between tourism and water consumption, and analyses the trends in water consumption. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of improving and enhancing the existing water resources policies in order to conserve nature while promoting sustainable tourism industry.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iim Imandala ◽  
Rumi Li ◽  
Agus Supriyadi

Problem-based learning (PBL) is learning where students build knowledge based on learning experiences to solve problems. This model generally is known by teachers around the world and successfully attracted many researchers. However, very limited study has been conducted to analyze this learning model using the typology of knowledge by Pollock and Cruz (1999). This paper analyzed the PBL model using Pollock and Cruz instrument. This study discovered that learning knowledge and facilities contributed to the success of the learning process. However, the internalism typology instrument recommends for the teacher to select and choose appropriate knowledge. Particularly in specific student experience and scaffolding in constructivism through identification and screening system. Another instrument is externalism typology, found that the absorbs of knowledge depends on the developmental age and group compositions, primarily, in first-third grade students. This instrument suggested that a teacher must be more active to be facilitator and mediator in the absorption of knowledge through the assimilation and accommodations mechanism.


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