scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of Mangrove Leaves (Rhizophora) Ethanolic Extract on Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Haryoto Saroyo ◽  
Nur Fajariyah Maulidah Saputri

Cancer is a disease that can attack any part of the body when the abnormal cells begin to grow  uncontrollably beyond the limit, then attack the connected parts of the body and  spread to other organs. The mangrove (Rhizophora) is a herbal plant that can be used as a treatment for various diseases, one of which is cancer. The mangrove (Rhizophora) plant contains phytochemicals  ranging from fruit, seeds, leaves and roots. This review article aims to examine the cytotoxicity effects of mangrove (Rhizophora)  plants on cancer cells. The library sources in this article review use the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria used were articles containing the cytotoxic test of mangrove (Rhizophora) with the last 10 years of publication (2011-2020), original research, there were results of anticancer activity in the form of IC50 and research using   mangrove (Rhizophora).  plant extracts. The exclusion criteria used were articles that did not contain a full text, used plants with different genus, did not have an IC50 value and were not original research. From the journals that have been analyzed, it can be said that the extract of the mangrove (Rhizophora) plant can be developed for cancer treatment. The mangrove (Rhizophora) plant has cytotoxic activity because it contains active compounds in the form of phenolic, flavonoids and terpenoids. Based on the results of the cytotoxic test of mangrove (Rhizophora) extract, the plant parts that have the strongest cytotoxic effect are fruit.

Pro Food ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Suci Rahmi ◽  
Hasanuddin Husin

ABSTRACT Herbal supplements are one of the products that are taken from outside the body derived from a mixture of herbal plant ingredients have antioxidant activity to prevent the presence of free radicals in the body. Testing natural antioxidant activity in herbal supplement products using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhyrazil). Measurement of UV-Visible spectrophotometry absorbance with DPPH absorbance value at a wavelength of 517 nm. Sensory analysis using a hedonic test at the panelist preference level, using four attribute parameters namely taste, aroma, color and overall acceptance. Results Tests of antioxidant activity in herbal supplement products on various combination techniques and concentrations of garlic, ginger, local lemons and honey, resulting in the reduction of DPPH which is characterized by a reduction in the intensity of the color from purple to fade to yellow. Antioxidant testing obtained IC50 values ​​from all herbal supplement samples from various treatment techniques and concentrations showed IC50 values ​​less than 50 found in the treatment of chopped engineering materials, concentration 1 (K1) of 23.97%. While concentrations of 2 (k2) and 3 (k3) as well as in various combination techniques and other concentrations indicate that IC50 values ​​range from 50 ppm to 100 ppm. This shows that herbal supplements have very strong antioxidants (IC50 value <50) found in the treatment of ingredients with chopped techniques with the lowest concentration. whereas herbal supplements with treatment techniques and other concentrations have a strong antioxidant value of IC50 (50-100). The results of sensory analysis indicate that the average panelist had a preference level for herbal supplement products with chopping and extraction treatment techniques. Keywords: Antioxidant, DPPH, Herbal supplements, IC50   ABSTRAK   Suplemen herbal merupakan salah satu produk yang menjadi asupan dari luar tubuh yang berasal dari hasil campuran bahan tanaman herbal yang mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan tinggi untuk mencegah adanya radikal bebas dalam tubuh. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan alami pada produk suplemen herbal menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhyrazil). Pengukuran absorbansi secara spektrofotometri-UV Visibel dengan Nilai absorbansi DPPH pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Analisis sensori dengan menggunakan uji hedonik pada tingkat kesukaan panelis, menggunakan empat parameter atribut yaitu rasa, aroma, warna dan penerimaan keseluruhan. Hasil Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dalam produk suplemen herbal pada berbagai teknik kombinasi dan konsentrasi bawang putih, jahe, lemon lokal dan madu, menghasilkan peredaman DPPH yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya intensitas warna ungu menjadi pudar sampai kekuningan. Pengujian Antioksidan didapatkan Nilai IC50 dari seluruh sampel suplemen herbal dari berbagai teknik perlakuan dan konsentrasi menunjukkan nilai IC50 kurang dari 50 terdapat pada perlakuan bahan teknik rajangan, konsentrasi 1 (K1) sebesar 23,97 %. Sementara konsentrasi 2 (k2) dan 3 (k3) serta pada berbagai teknik kombinasi dan konsentrasi lainnya menunjukan bahwa nilai IC50  berkisar 50 ppm - 100 ppm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa suplemen herbal memiliki antioksidan yang sangat kuat (nilai IC50 <50) terdapat pada perlakuan bahan dengan teknik rajangan dengan konsentrasi yang paling rendah, sedangkan suplemen herbal dengan teknik perlakuan dan konsentrasi lain memiliki nilai antioksidan kuat IC50 (50-100) ppm. Hasil analisis sensori menunjukan bahwa rata-rata panelis memiliki tingkat kesukaan pada produk suplemen herbal dengan teknik perlakuan rajangan dan perlakuan sari. Kata kunci: Antioksidan, DPPH, IC50, Sensori, Suplemen Herbal.


Author(s):  
Erlina Rivanti ◽  
Bani Adlina Shabrina ◽  
Ika Nurzijah ◽  
Cyndwika Ayu ◽  
Adam Hermawan

The present study investigate the selectivity of heartwood of secang ethanolic extract (SEE) on T47D breast cancer cells, WiDr colon cancer cells, and HeLa cervical cancer cells, compared to Vero normal epithelial cells. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by using MTT assay  with 24-hour treatment to get IC50values. Selectivity was evaluated by using selectivity index (SI). SEE had a potent cytotoxic activity on T47D and WiDr cancer cells (IC50 <100 µg/ml). IC50 value of HeLa cancer cells was observed on moderate cytotoxic (100 <IC50 <1000 µg/ml). SEE demonstrated more selective to T47D and WiDr than Vero cells (SI > 3), while in HeLa cells is not selective (SI < 3). This result indicating its potential of Caesalpinia sappan as a chemopreventive agent in cancer therapy.Keywords: Cancer, selectivity, Secang, T47D, WiDr, HeLa, Vero


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Husnawati ◽  
Ukhradiya Magharaniq Safira Purwanto ◽  
Aulia Ayu Rispriandari

Antioxidant are needed to prevent free radical inside the body and oxidative stress that promotes the aging process and various degenerative diseases. Portulaca grandiflora Hook. is known to have potential as antioxidant. Differences in plant parts can cause differences in phytochemical content, which can affect its antioxidant activity. This study aims to measure total phenolic and flavonoid content in leaf, old stem, young stem, and flower organs of purslane plant (Portulaca grandiflora Hook.) which is extracted using ethanol 96% and determined the antioxidant activity of the extract with DPPH methode. The result showed that each plant organ of purslane contains different concentration of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content was found in the leaves( 113.26 ± 3.85 mg GAE/g and 97.99 ± 1.28 mg QE/g), but the highest antioxidant activity was found in the old stem with IC50 value 122.15 ± 1.30 ppm (classified as medium antioxidant).   Keywords: Antioxidant, Flavonoid, Phenolic, Portulaca grandiflora Hook.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Nazariah Putri ◽  
Iwan Dewanto ◽  
Rifki Febriansah

Antioxidant compounds have an essential role in inhibiting the process of cell proliferation and have a chemopreventive effect. This study aims to trace the presence of antioxidant compounds allegedly contained in tea leaves (Camelia Sinensis L.) and soursop leaves (Anonna muricata L.) and investigate their potency as chemopreventive agents. Research steps include (1) identify the active compounds using thin-layer chromatography (TLC); (2) find out the potential compounds against cancer cells by molecular docking using Autodock Vina; (3) conduct a potential antioxidant test using free radicals DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrihidrazil); and (4) identify the cytotoxic effect on WiDr colon cancer cells test using MTT Assay method. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Camellia sinensis-Annona muricata leaf combination was suspected of containing flavonoid compounds with Rf values of 0.66 and 0.68. Besides, the DPPH antioxidant test showed an IC50 value of 26.9 μg/mL. Cytotoxic potential against WiDr cells resulted in an IC50 value of 41 μg/mL. Furthermore, the molecular docking test of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Acetogenin compounds against bcl-xl target proteins showed the docking score of -8.1 kcal/mol and -6.7 kcal/mol, respectively. It concluded that the extract combination of Camelia Sinensis-Annona muricata leaf had strong potency as an antioxidant and chemopreventive agent against the WiDr colon cancer cells line.


Author(s):  
Inna Armandari ◽  
Kartika Dyah Palupi ◽  
Sofa Farida ◽  
Adam Hermawan ◽  
Ratna Asmah Susidarti ◽  
...  

Doxorubicin is one of chemotherapeutic agent widely used in breast cancer treatment, but in high dose doxorubicin gives negative side effect, including vomit, nausea, immune suppression, and cardiac toxicity. This toxicity hopefully could be reduced by combination chemotherapy using natural herbs such as ciplukan herb. This research was conducted to explore cytotoxic activity of single ciplukan herbs ethanolic extract and its combination with doxorubicin on T47D breast cancer cells. Cytotoxic activity of ciplukan herbs ethanolic extract only and its combination with doxorubicin were tested on T47D cells using MTT assay to obtain IC50 value and combination index (CI), respectively. Single extract showed cytotoxic activity on T47D cells with IC50 value of was 160 µg/ml. Thus, combination treatment from ciplukan herbs ethanolic extract and doxorubicin showed synergistic effect (CI<1,0). This effect was reached at concentration of ciplukan herbs ethanolic extract-doxorubicin 80 μg/ml- 2 nM, 80 μg/ml-4 nM, and 80 μg/ml-8 nM. This research indicated that ciplukan herbs ethanolic extract is potential to be applied as co-chemotherapeutic agent in breast cancer therapy.Key word : ciplukan herbs, doxorubicin, co-chemotherapy, T47D cells


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4767-4772
Author(s):  
Jayashree V ◽  
Shamili M ◽  
Sathish Kumar N

Cancer mainly defined as a group of diseases lead to growth of abnormal cells anywhere in the body. Anything that potentially leads to the growth of abnormal cells in the body is called cancer. Cancer cells grow with potential to invade or spread in any parts of the body. Cancer can be caused by various agents and factors depending upon the type of cancer developed in the particular region. Chemical and toxic substance exposure, ionizing agents and genetic factors are majorly responsible for developing cancer cells in the body state or degree of disease is determined by medical uses such as biopsy which helps in diagnosis of cancer and determining its types and extent of cancer cells spread throughout the body. The molecular targets such as VEGF, oestrogen, protease activated receptor, BRAF has become major innovations towards drug discovery both naturally and chemically.Symptoms of cancer varies according to the types and extent of disease developed in body symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, change in bowel and bladder function, cough and skin tone are some of the early signs of developing cancerous cells in the body. In this study, we focussed the targets of leading cancers among male and female like breast cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer in drug discovery and development.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1826-1831
Author(s):  
Ganesh S ◽  
Vijey Aanandhi M

α-amylase inhibitors present in pancreatic region has an operative strategy by controlling the breakdown of starch and helps to minimize the post-prandial hyperglycemia levels. In this study, vegetative (leaf) part of herbal plant Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) was assessed for anti-diabetic activity. Aqueous ethanol (80 %) extract was prepared in the different concentration (10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 µg/ml). Acarbose was used as a standard and treated in similar way as that of sample. Control samples were also prepared without standard and sample solutions. A known volume of α-amylase solution was added (0.1mg/mL) was added to standard, sample, control solutions which were preincubated at 37 °C for 15 minutes. Further, known volume of starch solution was added and incubated for 60 min to initiate the reaction. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and iodine reagent was added to the test tubes and absorbance was measured at 580 nm in UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A strong pancreatic amylase inhibitory activity (>50 %) was obtained from aqueous ethanolic extract with IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 23 µg/ml against standard acarbose with IC50 value of 27 µg/ml. The values endorse Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) for further experiments on their potential for managing Diabetes.


Author(s):  
Nur Dina Amalina ◽  
Meiny Suzery ◽  
Bambang Cahyono

Hyptis pectinata (L.) poit, popularly known in the world as “comb bushmint” is a medicinal plant commonly used for the treatment of throat and skin inflammations, bacterial infection, pain and cancer. The objective of this research is to determine the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect under Hyptis pectinata ethanolic extract (HPE) treatment on breast cancer cells. The effect HPE of on cytotoxicity was examined by MTT assay on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This assay also used to determine cell proliferation over 3 days of treatment with 1.5 – 100 µg/mL HPE. HPE showed that exhibited cytotoxic effects with IC50 value of 30 µg/mL for 24 hours and changes the physiological morphology on MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, the treatment of HPE for 48 and 72 hours highly decreases cell viability on MCF-7 with dose and time-dependent manner compared to untreated cells. These results indicate that HPE has antiproliferative activities and maybe the potential to be developed as a natural chemotherapeutic agent.Keywords: Hyptis pectinata (L.) poit extract, cytotoxicity, antiproliferative, MCF-7 cells


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22

World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 80% of the population of developing countries use traditional medicines, mostly natural plant products, for their primary health care needs. In the past few decades, the medicinal value of plants has been assumed more important dimension owing largely to the discovery that extracts from plants contain not only primary metabolites but also a diverse array of secondary metabolites with antioxidant potential. Medicinal plants are potential sources of natural compounds with biological activities and therefore attract the attention of researchers worldwide. Antioxidants are vital substances which possess ability to protect the body from damage due to free radical-induced oxidative stress. The purpose of current study was to determine the antioxidant activities and bioactive components of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) (Samonsabar) seeds by using UV Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aqueous extract of fennel seeds showed more antioxidant activity (IC50: 0.28 ug/ml) than ethanolic extract (IC50: 0.83 ug/ml) and comparable to standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid (IC50: 0.59 ug/ml). GC-MS analysis was fruitful in identification of compounds based on peak area, retention time, molecular formula, molecular weight, MS Fragmentions and pharmacological actions. Ten bioactive phytochemical compounds from aqueous extracts and 11 from ethanolic extract of fennel seeds were identified. These findings indicated that fennel seeds are potential to provide preventive properties against oxidative damage. These results will give scientific information for quality control of indigenous drug to herbal medicine users and local practitioners using fennel for different types of ailments


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
◽  
Reksi Sundu

Free radicals and reactive species are widely believed to contribute to the development of several diseases by causing oxidative stress and eventually oxidative. Vernonia amygdalina (Astereacea) is a small shrub or tree between 1 and 5m high growing throughout tropical Africa. Plants are generally known as bitter leaves is well cultivated and is a general market for merchandise in several countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of hexane fraction from ethanol extract od Frican leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). The method used in this study was the DPPH (1,1-Diphenil-2-Picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that ethanolic extract of African leaves contained a composition of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. The antioxidant activity of the extract of n-hexane fraction was classified as very weak with an IC50 value of 317.98 ppm.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document