scholarly journals AGGLOMERATION PROCESSES OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF SUBURBAN AREAS OF LARGE UKRAINIAN CITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (13) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Viktor Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Suburban Area ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Future Strategy ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The City

The article is a result of an analytical research on development of relations between the city and suburban area. An attempt to define main factors that may be included into a future strategy of balanced development and to avoid a number of problems in the organization of group forms of settlement in the big cities' influence zone. The decentralization processes in the governance system constitute the social and economic potential for creation of a system of common interests in development, and not for destruction of both cities and suburban area. The research materials analyze the current state of affairs of urban planning activities in Ukraine, in particular, peculiarities of regional planning, using three largest cities and their suburbs as case studies. A number of negative trends have been discovered in the relations between the city and suburban area, that need to be resolved during the subsequent stages of designing to take into account the changes in the management system – decentralization and development of territorial communities that will be interacting with the city on systemic positions.

scholarly journals TOURIST-RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE AFFECTED OF METROPOLISES OF UKRANE ZONE

space&FORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Viktor O. Yatsenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
System Development ◽  
Local System ◽  
Principal Role ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Strategic Program ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The City

It considers the prerequisites for developing a methodology in order to create touristic recreational complexes based on resource capacities of local settlement systems (territorial communities) in Ukraine. Attention is given to the situation in the industry and its prospective capabilities to play a principal role in economic development of a number of territorial communities. It outlines a number of principles that need to be used when considering the process in the urban planning activities. It also provides a specific example of a strategic program of local system development with the touristic and recreational component as its basis. The research materials analyze the current state of affairs of urban planning activities in Ukraine, in particular, peculiarities of regional planning, using three largest cities and their suburbs as case studies. A number of negative trends have been discovered in the relations between the city and suburban area, that need to be resolved during the subsequent stages of designing to take into account the changes in the management system – decentralization and development of territorial communities that will be interacting with the city on systemic positions.

scholarly journals Fragility of Labor and Employment in the Modern World

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Irina L. Sizova ◽  
Irina A. Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Employment System ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Labor System ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Social Labor

This article reveals the key factors (economic, technological, demographic, socio-cultural, gender) and the ongoing/emerging changes in the social and labor system of society. Changes affect all spheres and contexts without exception (labor market, organization and working conditions, population employment system, management and labor processes, content, workplace culture and ethics.) At the same time, they are often contradictory, and not necessarily tangible, perceived or evaluated as changes. Multiplicity and scale, acceleration and capacity of changes form the conditions for the development of a new quality of the system — its fragility. The fragility is understood as the actual distribution of essentially new and uncontrolled processes and phenomena within the social labor system behind the external facade of its integrity and stability. Experts and politicians everywhere are asking questions about whether it is possible to overcome the current state of affairs and what the future is going to be for social labor and employment. It is important for the scientific community to determine the principles of theoretical analysis and the means of modern labor sphere investigating.

scholarly journals Climate & Water in a Changing Africa: Uncertainty, Adaptation & the Social Construction of Fragile Environments

Daedalus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-277
Author(s):  
Harry Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Climatological Variability

Abstract Discussions of climate change and water security in Africa are often simplistic and indeed deterministic. They overlook not only ecological complexities but also the multitude of ways in which various population groups across the continent approach climatological variability, thereby challenging positivist modeling and external adaptation agendas. The current state of affairs for many often-silenced citizens is already one of hunger, uncertainty, and marginalization; the self-appointed lead actors on climate adaptation–states, markets, NGOs–have, from their vantage point, deeply troubling track records of dealing with people and their environments. For plenty of communities around Africa, it might therefore not so much be only the worsening climate that is increasingly exposing people to disease, displacement, and water insecurity, but the very policies adopted in the name of preparing for, and living with, worsening weather. This essay explores how understanding climate adaptation as a fundamentally social and political process points to possibilities for imagining and working toward futures with greater emancipatory potential. There is no scenario in which African societies adapt successfully to climatic change and do not simultaneously radically reimagine both their relationship with the outside world and with each other, including institutions of control and mechanisms of exclusion at home.

scholarly journals Exploration of tourism potential doing concepts of development and heritage preservation issues of Zonouz city

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Hassan Khalili Zonouz ◽  
Rahibe Aliyeva ◽  
Mitra Azad
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
The City

Zonouz city and its neighboring counties, including three counties and eleven areas, are located in the southern area of the Araz River in Azerbaijan and northwest of Iran. This city has many capabilities in terms of geography, civilization, and tourism, which can be considered as an advantage in urban development. The development in the city is a process occurs by relying on introversion and utilizing extroversion, among which urban regeneration can be highlighted. Thus, recognizing the components of empowerment is one of the main purposes. Applying the rules and observing the necessary principles reduce costs and increase productivity in development. The present study aims to study and compare the advantages of the city, which have more centrality and relative abilities than the peripheral cities, with those cities having the same geographical and cultural characteristics, and the least distance from the city, in an integrated and complementary collection in the tourism industry. Considering that different multi-city managers should similarly play a role, the appropriate reason for their participation can be balanced development and utilization from common interests. This benefit can be achieved based on the management and exploitation of natural and historical attractions, the results of which are synergy and improved performance and exploitation power from the interests. To this aim, the tourist abilities and natural and tourist attractions of the complex are identified and studied, and the results of the analysis are analyzed. The conclusion can be made based on using natural geography and cultural heritage advantages to protect historical buildings and textures better, along with a balanced development of a series of neighboring cities.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to determining the border of the suburban zone of the city of Odessa

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
City Development ◽  
City Center ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
General Plan ◽  
The City

The purpose of this paper is aimed at defining the border of the suburban zone behind economic approaches and leveling (comparing) the results with certain borders in the General plan. The development of suburban areas is one of the elements of the transformation of the economy of the city and region, determines the pace of their development. Though even today there is no common point of view on the interpretation of the concept of "suburban zone", there is no clear distinction between the definitions of "suburb", "suburban territory", "suburban area". In addition, it is important to define the boundaries of the city and suburban area, since cities tend to "expand" and "capture" adjacent territories. The boundaries of cities change significantly, which requires a corresponding study of the boundaries of the suburban zone, thus, the topic of work is re-levant. Methodology. The article considers options for delineating borders according to existing legislative acts that define the outer border of the suburban zone of large cities with an isochronous 45-60-minute accessibility by public transport to the city. In addition, the analysis of research and publications of scientists made it possible to identify other approaches to determining the boundaries of the suburban zone and compare the results with the specified border of the suburban zone in the General plan of Odessa. Thus, calculations were made and the results were visualized, using the ArcGIS Pro software, several options for determining the boundaries of the suburban zone of the city of Odessa, namely: a methodological approach was applied to calculate the population concentration index, the results of which confirmed our assumptions about the concentration of the population in the suburban zone to the place of employment, study, cultural and social development. The second methodological approach is the calculation of the gravitational model based on the distance parameter. The results allowed us to conclude that accessibility of localities to the city center is crucial. In the third approach, using the gravity model of Kareem that combines distance and demographic potential centers of research, defines the borders of suburban zone of the city of Odessa, which are maximally correlated with the specified bounds in the General plan. Practical significance. Therefore, the conducted research makes it possible to assert that one of the important indicators in determining the border of a suburban zone is the temporary isochrone, that is accessibility to the city, which, in most cases, forms a multidimensional relationship between the city and the suburban zone. The delimitation of the borders of suburban areas of cities will allow for targeted planning of the territory, organization of an effective management system, establishment of geographical features of the city development, use of the suburban territorial resources for urban development, and the relationship between the development of the city and its suburban zone. The city center and its suburban area are interconnected objects of spatial planning documentation at the stages of development of master plans for localities.

scholarly journals A review of the diagnosis and geographical distribution of the recently described flea toad Brachycephalus sulfuratus in relation to B. hermogenesi (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10983
Author(s):  
Marcos R. Bornschein ◽  
Luiz Fernando Ribeiro ◽  
Larissa Teixeira ◽  
Ricardo Belmonte-Lopes ◽  
Leonardo Amaral de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The City

Background The flea toad Brachycephalus sulfuratus was recently described from southeastern and southern Brazil. In its description, the authors overlooked previous records of flea toads that had been identified as “Brachycephalus sp. nov.” and B. hermogenesi occurring in the same regions, which could suggest the possibility of up to three flea toads coexisting in southern Brazil. In addition, B. sulfuratus is characterized by substantial phenotypic variability, to an extent that compromises its current diagnosis with respect to its congener B. hermogenesi. Therefore, the current state-of-affairs regarding the geographical distribution of these two species and the identification of previously known populations is hitherto uncertain. Our goals are to reassess previous records of flea toads attributable to B. hermogenesi, B. sulfuratus and “Brachycephalus sp. nov.”, considering the description of B. sulfuratus, and to review the diagnosis of B. sulfuratus. Methods A critical analysis of the species identity of flea toad specimens attributable to B. hermogenesi, B. sulfuratus, or to a potentially undescribed species from southeastern and southern Brazil was based either on the analysis of morphology or on their advertisement calls. These analyses include our independent examinations of specimens and, when not possible, examinations of published descriptions. To allow for a consistent comparison of advertisement calls between B. hermogenesi and B. sulfuratus, we made recordings of both species, including in the type locality of the former. Results We found that morphological and call characters originally proposed as diagnostic for B. sulfuratus in relation to B. hermogenesi vary intraspecifically. Live individuals with ventral yellow spots correspond to B. sulfuratus; individuals without yellow spots can be either B. sulfuratus or B. hermogenesi. In preservative, they are indistinguishable. Previous records of Brachycephalus sp. nov. correspond to B. sulfuratus. We propose that the reduced number of notes per call and the presence of only isolated notes in the call of B. sulfuratus, as opposed to a high number of notes per call with isolated notes and note groups in the call of B. hermogenesi, as the only diagnostic characters between them. Regarding their distributions and based in our assessment, only B. sulfuratus occurs in southern Brazil, without any overlap with B. hermogenesi. There is a narrow gap between the distributions of these species around the southeast of the city of São Paulo. Our revision also revealed that some records previously attributed to B. hermogenesi in Rio de Janeiro and north São Paulo represent a distinct, unidentified flea toad that is not B. sulfuratus. Both species occur side by side in Corcovado, São Paulo, a locality from where five paratypes of B. hermogenesi were obtained. Biogeographic events that might have led to vicariance between B. hermogenesi and B. sulfuratus are discussed.

The Eye and the Whip

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lagunes
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Bureaucratic Corruption ◽  
Building Permits ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Common ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Traffic Tickets ◽  
The City

Corruption vulnerabilities exist where government officials have power over the provision of goods and the imposition of costs. Building permits and infrastructure contracts are examples of state-issued goods. Traffic tickets and tax liabilities are examples of costs levied by the state. These and other corruption vulnerabilities turn to actual threats when officials calculate that the benefits of abusing their power are greater than the penalties associated with getting caught. By a similar logic, the formula for corruption control requires increasing the probability of detecting corruption (that is, of activating the eye) through enhanced monitoring and then credibly threatening to apply the appropriate penalty in response to wrongdoing (cracking the whip). Notably, the common policy response to corruption often emphasizes only the first of the two mechanisms. Governments prioritize transparency measures but avoid the risks associated with confronting corruption. Therefore, as a means to improve on the current state of affairs, this book examines distinct approaches to promoting accountability, especially accountability among the set of unelected officials responsible for regulating the built environment. It analyzes the results of field experiments on corruption control conducted in the City of Querétaro in central Mexico, urban and peri-urban districts in Peru, and two of New York City’s boroughs. The book contributes evidence-based recommendations for how societies can go about fighting bureaucratic corruption.

EXPLORING THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF STREET CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-418
Author(s):  
Marichen Van der Westhuizen ◽  
Nelleke Keet
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Social Service Delivery ◽  
Current State ◽  
Imple Mentation ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Affairs

South African legislation and policies acknowledge street children as a vulnerable group, and make provision for services to them. It, however, seems that this social issue remains a serious challenge to society and social service delivery. This qualitative research study aimed to explore and describe the perceptions of street children, their parents/guardians, as well as community members in the Drakenstein Municipal area in an effort to develop a better understanding of the current state of affairs. The findings resulted in the identification of focus areas for the planning and imple-mentation of social services to street children.

Al-Karkh: the Development of an Imāmī-Shīʿī Stronghold in Early Abbasid and Būyid Baghdad (132-447/750-1055)

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-315
Author(s):  
Nassima Neggaz
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Political Life ◽  
History Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Abstract Following the foundation of Baghdad by Caliph al-Manṣūr (r. 136-158/754-775) in 145/762, the neighbourhood of al-Karkh attracted many Imāmī scholars, becoming the centre of the Imāmī wikāla (network of deputies of the Imām) in the late 3rd/9th century, and then the heart of the Imāmī ḥawza (seminary) and the rationalist school of theology which developed under the Būyids (333-447/945-1055). Al-Karkh also became the centre of a popular movement of Imāmī-Shīʿa; from the Būyid period onward, the latter played a significant role in the social and political life of the city until its fall under the Mongol invasion of 656/1258. From the point of view of the micro-history, this article investigates the incubation of the Imāmī-Shīʿī movement in this suburban area of the city, bringing together topography and social history data from medieval geography manuals, historical chronicles, local histories, biographical dictionaries, poetry, and travellers’ accounts. More than a quarter, al-Karkh acted as a city within Baghdad; repeatedly destroyed and burnt down, its history sheds light on urban life in the Abbasid capital, and on the development of Imāmī-Shīʿism during its formative period.

scholarly journals In the frontline of the backwater? The Nordic countries and the global population drama

1996 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Bertil Egerö
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Demographic Methods ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Global Population

Backed by a long history of domestic population statistics and analysis, Nordic social science -including demography - could well be in the forefront of international scientific attention to the global drama of population dynamics and development. But this appears not to be the case. The paper is devoted to a discussion of this state of affairs. Following a brief presentation of the current state of population dynamics, it offers a few examples to show the value of a wider social science approach to the analysis of population/development relations. Dramatic features in current development are contrasted against the relative lack of engagement of demographers and social scientists today.Finally, a case is made for the strengthening of links between demography and social science in general - indeed for “population studies” as a field of joint enquiry, combining the rigor of demographic methods and techniques with the theoretical substance of the social sciences.

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