Lessons from Project Mars

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-192
Author(s):  
Jason Lyall
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter presents a five-stage empirical strategy. It first details how core variables, including prewar military inequality and battlefield performance, were constructed. Second, the chapter provides simple descriptive statistics about the relationship between military inequality and the various measures of battlefield performance. Next, it subjects two different measures of military inequality to a series of statistical tests to examine the strength of this association. Afterward, the chapter uses matching and a two-control group comparison to investigate how shifts from low to high inequality, and from medium to high inequality, affect battlefield performance within a reduced sample of most similar belligerents. Finally, this chapter considers the fate of leading alternative explanations, which receive almost no empirical support within the expanded Project Mars universe.

scholarly journals A TAXA DE HOMICÍDIO EXPLICA A ESCOLHA DO ELEITOR?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-496
Author(s):  
Adriano Oliveira ◽  
Flávia Barros Souza
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Homicide Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Voter Behavior ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Taxas de homicídios explicam o desempenho eleitoral de governadores candidatos à reeleição? Este trabalho analisa a relação entre as taxas de homicídios e a reeleição de governadores no Brasil no período de 1998 a 2014. A pesquisa toma como premissas a compreensão das escolhas do eleitor a partir da racionalidade de suas ações e suas emoções, considerando que o mesmo está inserido num determinado contexto e percorre uma trajetória eleitoral. A pesquisa trabalha com a hipótese de que quanto maior a taxa de homicídio no Estado, menor o número de governadores reeleitos durante o período. Utilizamos da estatística descritiva para apresentar os dados e testes estatísticos para comprovar a hipótese apresentada.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comportamento do eleitor, taxa de homicídio, reeleição.     ABSTRACT Do Homicide Rates Explain the Electoral Performance of Reelection Governors? This study analyzes the relationship between homicide rates and reelection of governors in Brazil from 1998 to 2014. The research assumes the understanding of voters' choices based on the rationality of their actions and their emotions, considering that the same is inserted in a specific context and goes through an electoral trajectory. The research works with the hypothesis that the higher the homicide rate in the State, the lower the number of governors reelected during the period. We used the descriptive statistics to present the data and statistical tests to prove the hypothesis presented.   KEYWORDS: Voter behavior, homicide rate, reelection.     RESUMEN ¿Las tasas de homicidios explican el desempeño electoral de gobernadores candidatos a la reelección? Este trabajo analiza la relación entre las tasas de homicidios y la reelección de gobernadores en Brasil en el período de 1998 a 2014. La investigación toma como premisas la comprensión de las elecciones del elector a partir de la racionalidad de sus acciones y sus emociones, considerando que el mismo, se inserta en un determinado contexto y recorre una trayectoria electoral. La investigación trabaja con la hipótesis de que cuanto mayor es la tasa de homicidio en el Estado, menor el número de gobernadores reelegidos durante el período. Utilizamos la estadística descriptiva para presentar los datos y pruebas estadísticas para comprobar la hipótesis presentada.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Comportamiento del elector, tasa de homicidio, reelección.  

scholarly journals Stimulasi Puting Susu terhadap Lama Pengeluaran Plasenta

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Hernita Sutiawati Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Static Group

Bleeding is still the second highest cause of AKI in Gorontalo Province. Bleeding in the mother after delivery can be caused by retained placenta, which is a condition where the placenta has not been born 30 minutes after the fetus is born. Nipple stimulation carried out immediately after the baby is born can influence the hypothalamus to release the hormone oxytocin which will strengthen uterine contractions thereby shortening the time for placental separation.Objective: To analyze the effect of nipple stimulation on the duration of expulsion of the placenta.This research method uses Pre Experiment Design research with Static Group Comparison. The k population used was 30 mothers who gave birth normally, consisting of 15 respondents in the nipple stimulation intervention group and 15 respondents in the control group. Independent variable; nipple stimulation and the dependent variable of the duration of expulsion of the placenta.Results: The average length of time for expulsion of the placenta in the nipple stimulation intervention group was 7.07 minutes and the control group mother was 11.13 minutes. The results of statistical tests with Independent t-test = 0.004 < 0.05.The conclusion is that there is an effect of nipple stimulation on the duration of expulsion of the placenta.

scholarly journals The Impact of Yoga on Fatigue in Cancer Survivorship: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S Armer ◽  
Susan K Lutgendorf
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Moderator

Abstract Background Mind-body approaches, particularly yoga, are used by cancer survivors to cope with treatment-related symptoms. Consistency of yoga-related effects on treatment-related symptoms are not known. This meta-analysis was designed to examine effects of yoga on pre- to postintervention improvements in fatigue among cancer patients. Methods PubMed and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed articles of yoga randomized controlled trials including cancer survivors and reporting at least one fatigue measure. Twenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria (n = 1828 patients). Effect sizes (Hedge’s g) were calculated for fatigue, depression, and quality of life. Patient-related and intervention-related characteristics were tested as moderators of outcomes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Yoga practice was associated with a small, statistically significant decrease in fatigue (g = 0.45, P = .013). Yoga type was a statistically significant moderator of this relationship (P = .02). Yoga was associated with a moderate decrease in depression (g = 0.72, P = .007) but was not associated with statistically significant changes in quality of life (P = .48). Session length was a statistically significant moderator of the relationship between yoga and depression (P = .004). Neither timing of treatment (during treatment vs posttreatment) nor clinical characteristics were statistically significant moderators of the effects of yoga on outcomes. The effect of yoga on fatigue and depression was larger when the comparator was a “waitlist” or “usual care” than when the control group was another active treatment (P = .036). Conclusions Results suggest yoga may be beneficial as a component of treatment for both fatigue and depression in cancer survivors.

scholarly journals Social Grievances and Drugs Rummage-Sale as Performance Enhancement Attitude of Mature Athletes – An Inferential Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Saeed Javed ◽  
Aisha Shoukat ◽  
Abida Naseer ◽  
Muhammad Jafar ◽  
Nabeel Safdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The central objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between social grievances and drugs rummage-sale (performance enhancement attitude) of the mature athletes of Pakistan and examine their difference as well. Methodology: The targeted population was mature national athletes belonging to national sports departments. The respondents were recruited through snowball and convenient sampling methods. Total 105 questionnaires were posted at the given addresses of athletes. However, 73 athletes (69.5%) returned the questionnaires. For achieving study objectives, quantitative approach was adopted wherein several statistical tests were performed including descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and t-test analyses and implemented to draw the required study findings. Results: The findings revealed that a strong association exists between social grievances and drugs rummage use. Therefore, the relationship was considered positive and highly significant among the constructs. On the other hand, the findings revealed no difference between social grievances and drugs rummage-use. The findings revealed that social grievance and drug rummage-sale positively contribute to enhance the sports performance of athletes. Conclusion: It was concluded that athletes use drugs for several purposes such as enhancing performance, competing for highest sports level, gaining fame, and jobs opportunities. However, with these benefits, the athletes fell in diverse health complications as a side effect of drugs being taken for above said purposes.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND ENGLISH VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE OF SIXTH SEMESTER STUDENTS IN IKIP MATARAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Baiq Sumarni
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Morphological Awareness ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Relationship

This study focuses on finding the relationship between morphological awareness and English vocabulary knowledge of Sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram. Many researchers have conducted a number of studies to find out the most effective strategies in learning vocabulary.  One of them  which is discussed in this study is applying morphological awareness. The first research problem is talking about the English vocabulary size of the students. The second problem is talking about the level of the students’ morphological awareness. and the third problem is talking about the relationship between morphological awareness and the English vocabulary size of sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram.   In turn, in conducting this research, the researcher uses a mixed methods. Not only quantitative analysis, descriptive statistics and other statistical tests, but also qualitative analysis are used. The data presents the students’ vocabulary size in the form of level which is adapted from  the theory by Nation and  Beglar (2007) and also their morphological awareness in form of level which is adapted from the theory by McBride-Chang et al (2005). This data also presents the relationship between morphological awareness and English vocabulary knowledge in form of  correlation based on Pearson product-moment formula. This analysis shows that the sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram are in level 6,000 means that their results is good enough based on  Beglar and nation (2007). And the results of the morphological awareness are variant. Thence, this study also found that there is relationship between the students’ vocabulary size and their morphological awareness.

scholarly journals Implementation Of PBL Model To Enhance Critical Thinking Skills And Argumentation Skills Of Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Indra Drajat Sopwan ◽  
Usep Soetisna ◽  
Sri Redjeki
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pbl Model

This research is the tendency of students who only received learning material sourced from teachers through lectures, so that students are less active in the learning process more towards teacher centered. Because during the learning process in the classroom only emphasize knowledge of low-level thinking, students should be able to develop the ability of critical thinking and argumentation skills of students during the learning process so that it will get used to argue and higher level thinking. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of PBL models to improve the ability of critical thinking and argumentation skills as well as to determine the relationship between the ability of critical thinking skills and argumentation skills. The method used Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study is the class X.1 and X.2 Senior High School PGRI 1 Majalengka in 2015/2016 school year and totaling 47 students. Sampling was done by using cluster random sampling, were divided into 2 groups: PBL model class with 24 students and other class are not using PBL as many as 23 students. Instruments in this research is the description of critical thinking skills and argumentation skills test, observation sheets and questionnaires for students. Hypothesis test using parametric statistical tests in this case to test the hypothesis of implementation PBL models to enhance the critical thinking skills using Manova test was obtained p <0.05 is 0.01 <0.05, which means there is an increased implementation of the PBL model of critical thinking skills of students and hypothesis test of� implementation PBL model to enhance argumentation skills of was obtained p <0.05 is 0.03 <0.05, which means there is an increased implementation of the PBL model of argumentation skills of the students, as well as the correlation coefficient to determine the relationship of critical thinking skills and the skills of argumentation studied through the PBL model obtained p <0.05 is 0.049, which means there is an interaction between critical thinking skills and argumentation skillsKeywords: PBL Model; Critical Thinking Skills; Argument Skills

Adolescents’ self-mutilation - Relationship with dependent behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bolognini ◽  
B. Plancherel ◽  
J. Laget ◽  
P. Stéphan ◽  
O. Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study, which was carried out in the French-speacking part of Switzerland, was to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and self-mutilation by adolescents and young adults. The population, aged 14-25 years (N = 308), included a clinical sample of dependent subjects (drug abuse and eating disorders) compared to a control sample. On the basis of the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview ( Sheehan et al., 1998 ), DSM-IV criteria were used for the inclusion of the clinical population. The results concerning the occurrence of suicide attempts as well as on self-mutilation confirm most of the hypotheses postulated: suicidal attempts and self-mutilation were more common in the clinical group compared to the control group, and there was a correlation between suicide attempts and self-mutilation. However, there was only a partial overlap, attesting that suicide and self-harm might correspond to two different types of behaviour.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 9001:2015 TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF SERVICE AT PUSAT KESIHATAN UNIVERSITI (PKU), UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA(UUM)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Anis Syamimi Abd Rahim ◽  
Mohd Norhasni Mohd Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Universiti Utara Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to review the implementation of ISO 9001:2015 in order to improve the quality of services at Pusat Kesihatan Universiti (PKU), Universiti Utara Malaysia. The respondents of this study were customers at the PKU, UUM. The questionnaire was distributed to 50 respondents. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. The data were tested using descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis to answer the research questions and to achieve the objectives. The findings show that customers agree that implementation of ISO 9001:2015 give service at PKU, UUM is good and satisfied. Through the correlation test, the results showed that the relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001:2015 has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction and the effect of implementing ISO 9001:2015 has a positive and significant impact in improving quality of service at PKU, UUM.Through mean and standard deviation tests, results show that tangible dimensions are the main dimensions of customer satisfaction while dimensions with low values are dimensions of responsiveness.Therefore, all aspects of service in PKU, UUM will be strengthened and all aspects of the weaknesses could be addressed to improve the service in order to maintain good quality services.

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