scholarly journals PENGARUH BEBERAPA EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN TERHADAP DEIGHTONIELLA TORULOSA SYD. ELLIS PENYEBAB PENYAKIT UJUNG HITAM BUAH PISANG

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Joko Prasetyo ◽  
Efri Efri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Conidial Production ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Conidia Production ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Zingiber Cassumunar ◽  
Fungal Colony ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

The effect of some plant extracts on Deightoniella torulosa  Syd. Ellis the causative agent of black tip disease of banana.  An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of some plant extracts on the growth and reproduction of Deightonella torulosa. The plants  used in this experiments were Zingiber cassumunar, Acorus calamus, and Amomum cardamomum. The treatments of the factorial (3x4) experiment were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The first factor (plant extracts) consisted of  Z. cassumunar,  A. calamus, and A. cardamomum extracts. The second factor (extract concentration) consisted of  0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/l. Variables examined were  the colony diameter and conidial density of D. torulosa. The result of the experiment shows that extract of Z. cassumunar,  A. calamus, and  A. cardamomum extracts suppressed fungal colony diameter. On Z. cassumunar and A. calamus extracts, the higher the concentration the higher fungal colony diameter suppressed. The most effective suppression by the extract was at 300 mg/l.  A. calamus extract was more effective than Z. cassumunar and  A. cardamomum at 100 mg/ml. Z. cassumunar and A. calamus extracts had the same effectivity at 200 mg/l, and both was more effective compared to A. cardamomum.  Z. cassumunar  was more effective  compared to A. calamus and  A. cardamomum at 300 mg/l. The results of the experiment also showed that Z. cassumunar, A. calamus,  and  A. cardamomum suppressed  conidial production  of D. torulosa.   Z. cassumunar most effectively suppressed   conidia production at 300 mg/l.  A. calamus  extract suppressed conidial production the most effectively  at 200 and 300 mg/l. A. cardamomum  extract significantly suppressed conidia production only at 300 mg/l. Z. cassumunar and  A. calamus  extracts were more effective to suppress conidia production compared to A. cardamomum for all level of concentration except control. The effectivity of Z. cassumunar  and  A. calamus  was the same at 100 and 300 mg/l. Z. cassumunar extract was more effective  than A. calamus at 200 mg/l. 

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous plant extracts and inorganic fertilizer on the germination, growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanayo Chukwuka ◽  
Maxwell Obiakara ◽  
Israel Ogunsumi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Screen house experiments were carried out to examine the effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Tithonia diversifolia (Ti) and Vernonia amygdalina (Ve), as well as NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) on the germination, growth and development of maize. Fresh leaves were collected, washed with tap water, chopped and pounded, soaked in distilled water and filtered. The two filtrates were used to prepare extracts at 50 and 100% w/v. Four maize seeds were placed in Petri dishes laid out in a completely randomized design with five replicates. In every Petri dish 10 ml of extract per treatment was added. A control experiment with distilled water was also set up. Also, in a completely randomized design with four replicates, 4-week-old potted maize plants were treated with 500 ml of each extract as well as with 1.52 g of NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the germination percentage of the seeds followed the order Ti50 - Control - Ve50. The seeds treated with aqueous extracts of T. diversifolia and V. amygdalina at 100% w/v produced lower but equal germination percentage. The seedling radicle growth was significantly inhibited by the aqueous extracts of Ti100, Ve50 and Ve100 (p?0.05). The inhibition was dose-dependent and more pronounced in seeds treated with extracts of V. amygdalina. The aqueous extract of T. diversifolia (50% w/v) and control influenced radicle growth substantially. All the extracts inhibited the plumule development compared to the control. On the other hand, growth, development and yield were not significantly affected by the plant extracts.

scholarly journals The inhibitory effect of some plant extracts in the laboratory growth characteristics of tomato seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Amir Murad AL Mandlawy ◽  
Raghda Safaa Al-ddin Al –Khalidi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Johnson Grass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Landscape Gardening

"An Laboratory experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening - Faculty of Agriculture - Diyala University for the spring season 2017 in order to study the inhibitory effects of some plant extracts on the laboratory growth characteristics of the Tomato seeds, using Petri dishes designed in Completely Randomized Design ( CRD) in three replicates to study the effect of three different concentrations (zero , 50% and 100%) of water extracts of onion, Blady grass, Nut grass and Johnson grass in the percentage of seed germination of Tomato seeds and the growth rate and some other growth characteristics of theTomato seeds. The experimental results can be summarized as follows, Plant extracts affected For each of the onion, Blady grass, Nut grass and Johnson grass and the concentrations used, and interferences between them, have a significant effect in all studied traits of Tomato seeds the treatment resulted in the plant extract of Nut grass and Johnson grass On the occurrence of high and clear inhibitions in all the studied traits of the tomato seeds, while the other plant extracts varied with the degree of inhibition.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Limbah Cengkih dalam Menekan Perkembangan In Vitro Sclerotium rolfsii, Jamur Penyebab Damping Off Kacang Tanah

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Handry R D Amanupunyo ◽  
Nace E Tahitu ◽  
Gratiana N C Tuhumury
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Various problems have caused the decline in peanut production, among others the low resistance of peanut plants to various diseases. One of the obstacles in peanut production is the attack of plant diseases, such as the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. The use of plant-based insecticides can be an alternative to disease control in peanuts. This study aimed to obtain the appropriate and effective dose of clove leaves and flower stalks in suppressing the in vitro growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc causing damping off in peanuts, and to test the effectiveness of clove leaves and flower stalks on the formation of sklerotia of the fungus. This study used ‘tuni’ clove powder from Waai Village, Salahutu District. This experimental study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc. was inhibited by clove flower stalk powder at a dose of 1.5 g per100 mL of PDA, which was indicated by the number of sklerotia formed of 13.67% and propagule weight of 0.12 g, followed by a dose of clove leaf powder of 1.5 g per100 mL PDA, with amount of sklerotia formed of 27.33% and propagule weight of 0.17 g. These results were statistically shown on the parameters: colony diameter, Sklerotia formation time, number of Sklerotia, and weight of propagules. Keywords: Clove powder, dosage, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.   ABSTRAK Berbagai masalah telah menyebabkan turunnya produksi kacang tanah, diantaranya masih rendahnya ketahanan tanaman kacang tanah terhadap berbagai penyakit. Salah satu kendala dalam produksi kacang tanah adalah serangan penyakit tanaman, seperti jamur Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Penggunaan insektisida nabati dapat menjadi alternatif pengendalian penyakit pada kacang tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih yang tepat dan efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc penyebab damping off pada kacang tanah secara in vitro, serta menguji efektifitas daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih terhadap pembentukan sklerotia jamur. Penelitian ini menggunakan bubuk cengkih tuni, dari Desa Waai, Kecamatan Salahutu. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc. terhambat oleh bubuk tangkai bunga cengkih pada dosis 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA yang ditunjukan oleh jumlah sklerotia terbentuk 13,67% dan berat propagul 0,12 g dan diikuti oleh dosis bubuk daun cengkih 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA, dengan jumlah sklerotia 27,33% dan berat propagul 0,17 g. Hasil ini secara statistik ditunjukkan pada parameter: diameter koloni, waktu terbentuk sklerotia, jumlah sklerotia, dan berat propagul. Kata kunci: bubuk cengkih, dosis, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

scholarly journals The Compatibility of Piper retrofractum Vahl. and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Extracts for Controlling Helopeltis antonii Sign.

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
NFN Rohimatun ◽  
NFN Dadang ◽  
I Wayan Winasa ◽  
Sri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Combination Index ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Piper Retrofractum ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Species Being

<p><em>Plant extracts as a botanical insecticide can be used in either single or mixture forms. Mixed extracts have advantages: reducing dependence on one plant species, being the synergistic effect which can increase the effectiveness of formulas, and reducing the possibility of resistance emergence. This study aimed to obtain compatible and synergistic comparisons of </em>P. retrofractum<em> with </em>C. xanthorrhiza<em> extracts that effectively control the third instar nymph of </em>Helopeltis antonii<em>. The comparison of </em>P. retrofractum<em> and </em>C. xanthorrhiza<em> extracts were 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 (w/w). The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design using the contact method. The LC<sub>50</sub>, LC<sub>90</sub>, and LC<sub>95</sub> values were calculated using the PoloPlus Ver 1.0 Program. The mixture interaction was determined from the Combination Index value. The results showed that</em> P. retrofractum<em> extract was compatible and synergistic with </em>C. xanthorrhiza<em> extract at a ratio of 2:1 (w/w). These were the best combination shown by the lowest LC<sub>50</sub>, LC<sub>90</sub>, and LC<sub>95</sub> values and showed consistently strong synergistic properties compared to other concentrations. The components of</em><em> </em><em>P. retrofractum</em><em> </em><em>may be responsible for the insecticidal properties are piperine; piperanine; piperidine; 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol,6-methyl; Piperidine,1-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-,(Z,Z)-; and (2E,4E,12E)-1-(Piperidine-1-yl)octadeca-2,4,12—trien-1-one. The insecticidal activity of </em>C. xanthorrhiza<em> may associated with its content of</em><em> xanthorrhizol, Ar-curcumene, β-curcumene, curzerene, germacrone</em>, <em>7-zingiberene, caryophyllene, and β-bisabolol. A combination of these two plant extracts has the potential to be further developed as a botanical insecticide to control</em> H. antonii<em>.</em></p>

scholarly journals HYDRATION LEVELS ON CONIDIAL PRODUCTION OF Metarhizium rileyi (Ascomycota) IN SOLID GROWING MEDIUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Elisângela De Souza Loureiro ◽  
Luis Gustavo Amorim Pessoa ◽  
Pamella Mingotti Dias ◽  
Muller De Paula Ribeiro ◽  
Ricardo Alexandre De Souza Tosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Volume ◽  
Conidial Production ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Germination And Growth

This study aimed to evaluate the conidial production of Metarhizium rileyi in rice with different water volumes. The bioassay was composed by completely randomized design (CRD), with four treatments (20, 30, 40 and 50 mL of distilled water), being added 100 g of rice thin and long, making a total of 10 plastic bags per treatment, which were autoclaved for 15 minutes at 1.0 atm pressure, to 120 ºC. After the cooling of the rice, were added in each plastic bag, 2.0 mL of suspension containing 1 × 108 conidia mL-1. Then the bags were incubated for ten days in a germination chamber (BOD type) at 25 °C (±1 °C), 80% (±10%) relative humidity and 12h photoperiod to promote conidial germination and growth of the fungus, being performed a mild agitation every two days. The use of higher water volume resulted in greater conidial production and greater number of viable conidia. However, the highest rate of conidia germination was obtained with the use of 30 mL of water, is this the volume of water that corresponds to the best results.

scholarly journals The Potential of Breadfruit Seed and Jackfruit Seed as Alternative Replacement Medium of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with Seedling F0 Mushrooms

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Suparti Suparti ◽  
Lina Agustina ◽  
Putri Agustina ◽  
Resti Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) is the most media to grow the mushrooms, but the price of this media is expensive. Thus we need alternative media that easy and cheap to get it. This study aims to determine the growth of Aspergillus niger in alternative Artocarpus communis and Artocarpus heterophyllus seeds media. This research was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) one factor was the type of media is PDA (M0), Artocarpus communis seed media (M1), Artocarpus heterophyllus seed media (M2) and using the test mushrooms A. niger (J1). Inoculation of A. niger used agar block method for 3 days with a temperature of 28°C. Parameter of research was colony diameter and sporulation of A. niger. Data obtained with qualitative and quantitative methods. The result of this research showed that the best growth for Aspergillus niger was after 72 hours incubation. Colony diameter continually in PDA media, Artocarpus communis media, and Artocarpus heterophyllus media is 4.7 cm, 4.3 cm, and 4.1 cm with heavy sporulation. Therefore, Artocarpus communis and Artocarpus heterophyllus seeds media can be utilized as a substitution of PDA media for the growth of mushrooms.

scholarly journals Plant extracts and essential oils on the control of Alternaria alternata , Alternaria dauci and on the germination and emergence of carrot seeds ( Daucus carota L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Batista de Lima ◽  
Luana Lopes Assumpção Rentschler ◽  
João Tavares Bueno ◽  
Ana Cláudia Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Alternaria Dauci ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Seeds Germination

ABSTRACT: The present study aims to investigate garlic, pepper and coriander plant extract as well as neem and orange peel essential oil effective ness to control Alternaria alternata and Alternaria dauci and their efficiency during carrot seeds germination and emergence. A completely randomized design was used in three different experiments. The first experiment evaluated the effect of plant extracts and essential oils on the incidence of A. alternata and A. dauci . It was done by means of a factorial design applied to five treatments (garlic, pepper, coriander, and neem and orange peel essential oils) at three concentrations (10, 20 and 30%).They also evaluated the controls untreated and with fungicide (Thiram).The second experiment evaluated the effect of the treatment at30% concentration on the germination and emergence of seedlings assessed on trays, and in the third experiment, the presence of A. alternata and A. dauci on the pericarp, endosperm and on the embryo. A. alternata showed higher incidence than A. dauci. The garlic extract and the orange essential oil showed the potential to control A. dauci and A. alternata, because their lower concentrations were able to sufficiently reduce the incidence of these fungi and because they do not affect carrot seeds germination and emergence. A. alternata conidia were found on the embryo (8%), pericarp (17%) and endosperm (31%).

scholarly journals Pengaruh Poliherbal Ekstrak Jeringau, Temu Mangga Dan Bawang Putih Pada Fungsi Hepar Tikus (Rattus norwegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Bayyinatul Muchtaromah ◽  
Rahmi Annisa ◽  
Sofiya Sofiya
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aims to determine the effect of polyherbal extract of jeringau (Acorus calamus), temu mangga (Curcuma mangga), and garlic (Allium sativum) on the levels of Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) and Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT) enzymes in rat hepar. The results of this study can be used as an indicator of the safety of using natural-based drugs on the body. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment consists of K- (without treatment), K + (clomiphene citrate dose of 0.9 mg/kg BW), P1 (combination 1 at dose 50 mg/kgBB, P2 (combination 1 at a dose of 75 mg/kgBB), P3 (combination 1 at a dose of 100 mg/kgBB, P4 (combination 2 at a dose of 50 mg/kgBB), P5 (combination 2 at a dose of 75 mg/kgBB), P6 (combination 2 at a dose of 100 mg/kgBB), P7 (Subur kandungan herb at dose of 75 mg/kgBB). The results showed the highest levels of GPT enzymes were found in the treatment group 3 with the administration of combination 1 extract with a dose of 100 mg / kg BW of 46.7 U/L and the lowest level at P7 14.4 U / L, while the highest GOT enzyme levels were found in P6 namely 57.6 U / L and the lowest at P4 23.3 U / L. The results of the levels of the two transaminase enzymes are still in the normal category. Keywords: Jeringau, Temu Mangga, Garlic, Hepar, GPT, GOT

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA INSEKTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP HAMA Plutella xylostella Linn. (Lepidoptera; Plutellidae) PADA TANAMAN KUBIS (Brassica oleracea L.) DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3A) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Margaretha S. Ginting ◽  
Jantje ., Pelealu ◽  
Betsy A. N. Pinaria
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

This study aims to: (1) Know the effectiveness of plant insecticides plant extracts Tiger Grass, Nutmeg Seeds and Bitung Fruits against cabbage caterpillar Plutella xylostella L. on cabbage plants? (2) Analyzed the mortality of the cabbage of Plutella xylostella L. cabbage on cabbage plants in Minahasa Regency on the administration of plant insecticide plant extracts of Nutmeg, Tiger Grass and Bitung Fruit. This research was conducted from July to November 2017 using a Completely Randomized Design (RAL), consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replicates. Field sampling of cabbage plants was conducted on 12 sub-plots. Every 7 days the number of P. xylostella larvae is observed. Observations were performed before spraying, and 1 day after spraying, as well as on week II to week V observations, for the collection of P. xylostella pupa done on 1 day after spraying, the number of pupa collected per sub-plot was 5 pupa so that 15 pupa collected, the total number of pupa 60 pupa. Then the pupa collected was placed in the prepared container and then observed the development. The results showed that: (1) The test result from Seed Nut extract, Tiger Grass extract and Bitung Fruit at concentration of 15% to mortality of Plutella xylostella larvae showed the significant difference of each treatment with the highest mortality rate of Plutella xylostella larvae 87,07% on Fruit extract treatment Bitung, Tiger Grass extract 78.09 percent, on Seed Nut extract 74.44 percent and 22.55 percent on control. (2) The test result from Seed Extract of Nutmeg, Bitung and Tiger Grass on the mortality of Plutella xylostella larvae showed significant difference of each treatment with higher concentration of extract treatment, the higher the mortality of Plutella xylostella larvae. 

Herba Reudeuep With Modification of Heating In Virgin Cocanut Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuzan Wahyuzan ◽  
Lukmanul Hakim ◽  
Rahmat Afrizal ◽  
Asmeri Lamona ◽  
Khairuni Khairuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Traditional medicine in Indonesia has been known by the public before formal health services using modern medicine. Indonesia has many type of herbal plants which have medicinal properties including dadap (Erythrina orientalis). This study aims to utilized dadap herbal liniment by modifying heating in Vigin Cocanut Oil. The study conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the addition of 250 ml (M1), 375 ml (m2), and 400 ml (M3) Virgin Cocanut Oil treatment. The second factor is the heating tim of 5 minutes (L1), 10 minutes (L2), and 15 minutes (L3). Observation variable consisted of yield, Specific gravity, and organoleptic test of aroma and colored. The result showed an average yield of 87.70-91.88%. The highest yield was found in the treatment of adding 400 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 15 minutes of heating time. The highest type of weight was found in the treatment of addition of 325 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 5 minutes heating time. Based on the organoleptic scent test, the everage penalist gives a like answer. Organoleptic colors of reudeuep herbal products is according to SNI number 06-23-2006.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document