scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SOME ORGANS AND TISSUES OF HYBRID TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS SPP.) FOR GROWING WITH USE OF PREPARATION ES-2

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Kotelnikova ◽  
Andrey Vyacheslavovich Kotelnikov ◽  
Alexander Nickolaevich Nevalennyy ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Ponomarev ◽  
Yulia Mikhailovna Shirina
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Prooxidant Effect ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Liver Nuclei ◽  
Average Cell Volume ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Volume Decrease

The article studies the effect of addition into the feed of Sapropel extract (ES-2 preparation) on the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the liver and gills of hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis spp. ), as well as on the morphofunctional state of its liver. Sapropel extract caused a decrease in the content of TBA-reactants in the tissues of tilapia liver by 17% compared to the control group. In gills the bioadditive resulted in the increased content of peroxide products by 24%. The introduction of ES-2 in fish feed resulted in reduction of spontaneous and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation rate in the liver by 18%. In the gills of fish, under the influence of Sapropel, the rate of spontaneous lipid peroxidation increased by 27%, the rate of ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation - by 23%. The change in the intensity of peroxide processes under the influence of the fodder additive in fish organs is tissue-specific: antioxidant effect was recorded in the liver, prooxidant effect was observed in the gills. The introduction of the Sapropel extract does not lead to a change in the volume of liver nuclei in the test groups of tilapia, while the average cell volume in the experimental group was 37% lower than in the control group. The decrease in cell volume led to the increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio by 1.9 times in the experimental group compared to the control group. Hepatocyte cytoplasm volume decrease and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio increase due to addition of ES-2 preparation into productive feed of hybrid tilapia would indicate a rise of functional activity of liver cells.

scholarly journals ІНТЕНСИВНІСТЬ ПРОЦЕСІВ ПОЛ ТА АКТИВНІСТЬ СИСТЕМИ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ЗАХИСТУ У КРОВІ КОРОПІВ ЗА ДІЇ РІЗНОГО РІВНЯ ВІТАМІНУ Е І СЕЛЕНУ В РАЦІОНІ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
S.V. Yurchak ◽  
O.V. Derenj ◽  
O.I. Vishchur ◽  
Yu.M. Zabytivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Levels

The article consist data about effect of different levels of vitamin E and selenium in the diet of carps during their growing and also informationabout the influence on processes of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant protection in their body.The experiment conducted in three experimental ponds. After wintering there were placed four ears mature females and males carp, six individuals in each group. Supplements of vitamin E administered at a rate of 25 mg/kg and drug «Sel–Plex» the rate of selenium – 0.3 mg/kg were added to further basic diet(BD) of female and male carp first experimental group (EG1). The second experimental group (EG2) received (BD) and vitamin E supplements in an amount of 75 mg / kg, and just as in EG1 – selenium – 0.3 mg/kg of feed.The control group received fish feed without additives vitamins and minerals.Feeding lasted for 30 days, due to the physiological needs of the fish feed. After spawning in fish of research and control group swere taken blood samples for biochemical research.The study led to a dose–dependent decrease (p < 0.01 – 0.001) content of TBA–active products and hydroperoxidase of lipids, but did not significantly effect onsuperoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of blood So, the reduction of lipid peroxidation products in the carp’s blood of experimental groups probably was caused by the growth of non–enzymatic level, which is associated with fat–soluble vitamins. 

REACTION OF CD68-POSITIVE RAT LIVER AND SPLEEN CELLS ON SILICON INTAKE WITH DRINKING WATER

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Evgeniia A. Grigoreva ◽  
Valentina S. Gordova ◽  
Valentina E. Sergeeva ◽  
Alina T. Smorodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicon Compound ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.

The effects of nanofatty acids on the nervous system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1831-1835
Author(s):  
Wei Hao ◽  
Cuiui Wang ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde ◽  
Total Superoxide Dismutase

To investigate the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (nanofatty acids) on the nervous system, 90 clean female mice aged 3?5 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups (n = 45). The experimental group was injected with nanofatty acids once every other day for a total of three times, while the control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. The behavior, weight, plasma, malondialdehyde content in the brain homogenate, and total superoxide disodium alcohol were assessed after the treatments. Mice treated with nanofatty acid were easily provoked, hyperactive, and had significantly reduced body weight as compared to the control mice (P <0.05). These findings suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acid can reduce the levels of lipid peroxidation and the activity of total superoxide dismutase in mice. Our results suggest that nanofatty acid exposure has a protect effect on the nervous system.

scholarly journals Cell tension and mechanical regulation of cell volume

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Perez Gonzalez ◽  
Jiaxiang Tao ◽  
Nash D. Rochman ◽  
Dhruv Vig ◽  
Evelyn Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Average Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Growth And Proliferation ◽  
Exclusion Method

Animal cells use an unknown mechanism to control their growth and physical size. Here, using the fluorescence exclusion method, we measure cell volume for adherent cells on substrates of varying stiffness. We discover that the cell volume has a complex dependence on substrate stiffness and is positively correlated with the size of the cell adhesion to the substrate. From a mechanical force–balance condition that determines the geometry of the cell surface, we find that the observed cell volume variation can be predicted quantitatively from the distribution of active myosin through the cell cortex. To connect cell mechanical tension with cell size homeostasis, we quantified the nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ, a transcription factor involved in cell growth and proliferation. We find that the level of nuclear YAP/TAZ is positively correlated with the average cell volume. Moreover, the level of nuclear YAP/TAZ is also connected to cell tension, as measured by the amount of phosphorylated myosin. Cells with greater apical tension tend to have higher levels of nuclear YAP/TAZ and a larger cell volume. These results point to a size-sensing mechanism based on mechanical tension: the cell tension increases as the cell grows, and increasing tension feeds back biochemically to growth and proliferation control.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Meal Compositions on Production Results, Economic Performance and Fish Meat Quality/Uticaj Različitog Sastava Obroka Na Proizvodnoekonomske Rezultate I Kvalitet Mesa Ribe

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tešić Milan ◽  
Baltić Milan ◽  
Teodorović Vlado ◽  
Nedić Drago ◽  
Mirilović Milorad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
Combined Feed ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of various dietary meal compositions on production, economic performance and meat quality of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Experimental group (0-I) was fed with a mixture containing 30% fish meal, 35% soybean meal, 30% sardines and 5% fish oil. Experimental group 0-II was fed with a combined meal consisting of 75% of fish food pellets and 25% of sardines. The control group (C) was fed with a standard complete pelleted feed. The best result was obtained in group 0-II, while group C achieved results common for local food quality and farming conditions in Serbia. Group 0-I had less productive results compared to group C and group 0-II. Feed used in group 0-II has its own nutritional, biological and economic justification. Use of different fish meals had no significant influence on trout meat chemical composition, except the fat content which was significantly higher in group 0-II. Considering current market prices of fish feed and fish as a final product, the best economic results were achieved by using the combined feed in group 0-II.

scholarly journals Nil Tilapyası, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Karaciğer Dokusunda Kurşunun Neden Olduğu Oksidatif Strese Karşı Humik Maddelerin Koruyucu Etkisi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Ferbal Özkan Yılmaz ◽  
Zülfiye Su ◽  
Arzu Özlüer-Hunt ◽  
Metin Yıldırım ◽  
Serap Yalın
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Humic Substance ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Pb Concentration

In this study, the protective effect of humic substance in the fish feed was investigated against the effects of subletal lead (Pb) concentration on the antioxidant enzyme system in Oreochromis niloticus. For this purpose, the fish which were affected by 1.5 mg/L lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 medium concentration were fed with feed containing 0.2% of humic substance. Liver samples were taken at 4th and 10th days in this study, which included control group, humic substance (HM), Pb, and Pb + HM groups. The enzyme activity of liver tissue catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of O. niloticus and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation, increased significantly at 4th and 10th days in the group with subletal lead concentration compared with the control group. Compared with Pb and HM+Pb groups, it was determined that humic substance application decreased Pb toxicity on lipid peroxidation of liver tissue and did not cause a significant change in CAT and SOD activity. According to the results of the experiment, 0.2% humic substance added to the feed reduced toxicity of subletal Pb concentration on liver tissue lipid peroxidation.

Developmental stages of fetal-type Leydig cells in prepubertal rats

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
T. Kuopio ◽  
J. Tapanainen ◽  
L.J. Pelliniemi ◽  
I. Huhtaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Average Cell Volume ◽  
Fetal Leydig Cells

Fetal Leydig cells were studied in rats during and after the perinatal-neonatal period by comparing changes in morphology, number and volume with changes in testicular steroids and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration. Stereologic examination indicated regression of fetal Leydig cells in testis by showing that their total volume as well as the average cell volume decreased between prenatal day 20 and postnatal day 3. The total number and total volume of cells both increased between postnatal days 3 and 11 but the average cell volume did not change during the same time period. Determination of serum LH showed a close correlation between an increase in LH concentration and increases in total number and volume of cells. The combined number of fetal- and adult-type Leydig cells on day 20 was more than 20 times the number of fetal cells at 3 days of age. Electron microscopic analysis showed that fetal Leydig cells after birth formed conspicuous clusters, which were surrounded by a layer of envelope cells and extracellular material. Occasional dividing fetal Leydig cells and possible precursors of fetal or adult Leydig cells were observed. Mitoses of spindle-shaped pericordal cells were frequent during the neonatal period. During and after the second postnatal week fetal Leydig cells again showed signs of regression, indicated by disintegration of the cell clusters, a decrease in cell size, accumulation of collagen between the cells and a decrease in steroid content per cell.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The level of lipid peroxidation products in the rats blood under prolonged cadmium and lead loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. О. Slobodian ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
K. Y. Leskiv
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Lead Acetate Solution ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Experimental Group

Lipid peroxidation is a form of tissues respiration. This process is characteristic of normal tissues and occurs, as a rule, after the construction of lipid membrane structures, their updates and during the biosynthesis of many hormones. However, free radical oxidation can be activated in an unfavorable environmental situation, since in our case it happened under the action of Cadmium and Lead. The purpose of the work was to investigate the Cadmium and Lead effects on the lipid peroxidation processes intensity in rats. The experiments were carried out on 200 – 220 g male “Wistar” rats, from which 4 groups of animals were formed: 1) control group – animals were administered drinking water through a metal probe in bulk, which is equivalent to the volume of aqueous salt solution Cd2+ і Pb2+; 2) experimental group 1 – animals were administered 0.029 % an aqueous solution of cadmium chloride in a dose 4.0 mg/kg; 3) experimental group 2 – animals were administered 16.6 % aqueous lead acetate solution at a dose 200 mg/kg; 4) experimental group 3 – animals were administered 16.6 % aqueous lead acetate solution at a dose 100 mg/kg and 0.029 % an aqueous solution of cadmium chloride in a dose 2.0 mg/kg. Throughout the experiment, rats were kept in a balanced diet containing all the necessary components, the animals were given drinking water without restrictions from 0.2 liter glass bowls. Based on our research, we detected activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in the blood of rats under lead-cadmium loading, as indicated by the growth of intermediate and final products in comparison with the group of intact animals. Probable level increase of LPO products was observed from the first day of the experiment. For the 7th day of the experiment, the level of diene conjugates in the blood of the third experimental group increased by 88.9 %, and the level of Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) increased by 31.8 %. At 14 and 21 days of the experiment, the level of of LPO products in the rats blood under the lead-cadmium load was the highest. These changes in the LPO products level indicate an increase in the intensity of radical formation processes. Peroxide oxidation forms, at almost all stages of its course, a number of products that result from the interaction of free radicals with each other and with biological macromolecules.

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