scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF ORGANIZATION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE POLYCULTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF TRANSCARPATHIA IN 1919-1938

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Ariadna Petechuk
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Education ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Pedagogical Literature ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The transition of education from the traditional to the personality-oriented model, the introduction of the State Standard of Preschool Education challenge the training of educators for the work in new social environment in cnditions of multiculturalism, cultural diversity, bilingual education. The purpose of the article was to analyze the historical and cultural experience of the organization of preschool education in the multicultural environment of Transcarpathia in the period between the two world wars (1919−1938). Achieving the goal involved the application of various research methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, systematization, classification), which were used to process archival sources, scientific and pedagogical literature and highlight the main features to characterize the process of preschool education in the study period. presentation of statistical data for a visual representation of the multicultural educational environment of preschool Transcarpathia being part of Czechoslovakia; search and bibliographic, used in the study for the interpretation of materials of archival and library collections, catalogs, descriptions, publications; system-historical − to consider the historical and cultural preconditions for the formation of theoretical foundations for the development of preschool education in Transcarpathia; historical-comparative − to compare the content, forms, methods of organization of preschool education of the studied period with the organizational and activity stage of realization of goals and objectives of preschool education in modern conditions of their modernization in the European context; interpretive − to determine the potential opportunities for the use of valuable assets of the analyzed experience of the organization of preschool education in a certain historical and cultural period in modern conditions. The results of study of experience of organizing preschool education in Transcarpathia in the Czechoslovak period make it possible to outline a range of ideas that can be implemented in the system of multicultural educational environment of modern preschool institutions.

scholarly journals The Policy of Poland and Romania Concerning Interned Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1921–1924s): Modern Domestic Historiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Mykola Stopchak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
First World

The article focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the historiographical achievements of modern Ukrainian historians on the policy of the leadership of Poland and Romania regarding the interned in the camps of these countries, the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic. The methodological basis of the study comprises the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematics. General scientific and special research methods were used in solving the set tasks: historiographical analysis and synthesis of knowledge development, generalization, quantitative, historical-comparative, chronological, retrospective, etc. The scientific novelty of the work lies in a comprehensive analysis of the state of study in modern domestic historiography of the policy of the leadership of Poland and Romania during 1921-1924s concernig interned Army of the UPR. Conclusions. The analysis of the historiographical achievements of modern Ukrainian historians proved they have made significant progress in studying the scientific field. Having gained access to previously closed domestic and foreignarchival materials, scholars of independent Ukraine cooperated with foreign historians and rejected unscientific, ideologically biased approaches and conclusions of Soviet historiography regarding the policy of the Polish and Romanian leadership towards the interned army. The shortcomings of Ukrainian foreign historiography on this problem, which consisted of a number of inaccuracies and a weak source base, were eliminated, which led to the distortion of historical realities. Domestic historians have clearly shown that the policy pursued by the governments of Poland and Romania regarding the internment of the UPR Army in the camps of these countries was aimed at ensuring their own national interests. It varied depending on the state of relations with its aggressive northern neighbor – Bolshevik Russia. The orientation of this policy was significantly influenced by the position of the Entente states, the victors of the First World War/ They viewed the UPR Army as a force capable of counteracting the expansionist aspirations of Bolshevik Russia. At the same time, despite significant progress in the study of this topic, especially in the 1990s – early XXI century, in the last twenty years, domestic historians didn’t pay enough attention to its study. A number of aspects of this problem remain unexplored and require further scientific analysis.

scholarly journals Formation and Development of the Vinnytsia Tool Plant as a Reflection of the Realities of Soviet Industry (According to the Periodicals of the Late 1940s - Early 1980s)

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Olena Stadnyk ◽  
◽  
Natalia Kuzminets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Organization Of Production ◽  
Competitive Products ◽  
First Time ◽  
Positive Results

The purpose of the article is to cover the process of founding, formation and development of the Vinnytsia Tool Plant and show its activities through the prism of the Soviet press. The methodology of research is based on the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization) and special-historical (historical-critical, historical-comparative, problem-chronological, discourse-analysis, document processing) methods. The study is based on the universal principles of historicism, scientificity, multifactoriality and systematicity. The scientific novelty of the work is that the authors for the first time, based on the analysis of periodicals as a source, revealed various aspects of the functioning of the Vinnytsia Tool Plant in the system of realities of Soviet industry. Conclusions. The materials placed on the pages of Soviet periodicals testify to the undoubted positive results in the activities of the Vinnytsia Tool Plant during its existence. This is reflected in the significant achievements of the enterprise, the establishment of competitive products, improving the organization of production, its automation, infrastructure development, improving working conditions and living conditions of workers. These achievements were comprehensively covered in the pages of periodicals. However, the Soviet press had its own specifics of creating an information picture about the development of the Soviet economy, carefully retouched the shortcomings of the command-administrative system and its insensitivity to the demands of the time. Newspaper columns in the late 1940s and early 1980s were one of the platforms for demonstrating the labor exploits of the Soviet people and shaped public opinion about the benefits of socialist development in society. Nevertheless, despite the bias, propaganda and stereotypes of the publications, the information in the Soviet media allows us to assess not only the achievements in the plant's activities, but also to identify shortcomings and miscalculations. But, in our opinion, these shortcomings should be connected first of all with features of development of the all-Union industry - following instructions "from above", necessity of performance of plans of the next five years, lag of the USSR in scientific and technical progress, lack of effective communication of science and production, using outdated equipment and technologies and involving instead the "human factor" to fulfill the tasks set by the party and state leadership to increase productivity, increase the number of products and improve its quality.

scholarly journals Fight Against Fires in Kharkiv Region During the War Communism (1919–1921)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Kharlamov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
First Time

The aim of the article is to analyze the development of firefighting in Kharkiv and Kharkiv province during the war communism. The author explores the features of complex processes of fire prevention and firefighting in the Kharkiv region in 1919-1921. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison) and special-historical (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic) methods with the principles of historicism, scientificity and systematics. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the peculiarities of fire fighting in one of the largest and most significant for the Soviet government in the studied period of the domestic regions - in the Kharkiv region. Conclusions. After the arrival of the Bolsheviks in Kharkiv in 1919, given the large number of fires that regularly occurred in the Kharkiv region, a number of measures were taken to improve the situation in the firefighting sphere in the region. Resolutions were adopted on the procedure for installing temporary portable furnaces in residential premises, special fire control commissions were created to check the state of fire safety in residential buildings, non-residential buildings and enterprises, etc. These measures were not always effective, due to lack of funds, qualified specialists, problems in the sectoral subordination of firefighting, especially in 1919 – the first half of 1920. However, during the second half of 1920- 1921, the situation in the firefighting sector began to improve: firefighting was transferred to the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, the situation with financing and logistics of firefighters gradually began to improve, Ukrainian courses for firefighters were opened in Kharkiv. Thus, the fight against fires in Kharkiv during the war communism had difficult periods, especially at the beginning, but gradually the situation in firefighting improved, largely due to the enthusiasm of ordinary firefighters and strict regulation of fire by the authorities.

Theoretical foundations of sustainable development of Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Baghirov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Sustainable development is one of the fateful paradigms of modern humanity, the most important economic challenge facing society. The successful economic policy pursued during the years of independence allowed Azerbaijan to achieve high rates of economic growth, exceeding the same indicator not only in the post-Soviet space, but in some years throughout the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the theoretical foundations of sustainable development in Azerbaijan, as well as to explore the theoretical foundations of the concept of sustainable development in general. The study of the theoretical aspect of sustainable development as a concept, as well as sustainable development on the example of Azerbaijan, was accomplished with general scientific methods of scientific cognition. The main toolkit included the methodology of a systemic, integrated, and structurally functional approach to the study of sustainable development issues, as well as the principles of deduction, induction, generalisation, and analysis. In the process of scientific research, statistical, logical, and other methods of processing and generalising information were used due to specific goals and objectives. This study examines complex strategies for development, sustainable development, and environmental protection both in the economy as a whole and in individual sectors. The short-term and long-term goals of the concept of sustainable development of Azerbaijan were also considered. The practical value of this study lies in the fact that its results can be used to study the main aspects of sustainable development. The results of this study can also be used to learn about the level of sustainable development of Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals ВНЕСОК ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ ПЕДАГОГІВ У РОЗРОБКУ ПИТАНЬ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВЧИТЕЛЯ-ВИХОВАТЕЛЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Н. Г. Тарарак
Keyword(s):  
Educational Activity ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Multidimensional Process ◽  
Education Process ◽  
Good Attitude

At the present stage of the development of the Ukrainian state, which is the stage of active modernization of the education system, special attention should be paid to the revival, restoration of everything pedagogically valuable that has already been accumulated by mankind. In view of this, the article analyzes the contribution of native pedagogues (Feofan Vyshenskyi, Ioann Serhiiev, Ivan Uspenskyi, Serhii Rachynskyi, Vasyl Zenkovskyi) to the development of issues of teacher preparation for the upbringing of the younger generation. To reach the goal, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: general scientific (analysis of scientific sources, synthesis, generalization and systematization of collected material), historical (comparative and historical, structural and systematic, retrospective, actualization) and chronological updates. The analysis of the works of Feofan Vyshenskyi, Ioann Serhiiev (Kronshtadtskyi), Ivan Uspenskyi, Serhii Rachynskyi, Vasil Zenkovskyi suggests that these teachers paid great attention to the issues of preparing the form teacher to the organization of educational activities with students. According to the pedagogues, the leading qualities that a teacher should have include: the presence of a vocation, which is manifested even before joining the teaching specialties by students; honesty; justice; thorough preparation for every lesson; constant self-improvement; availability of scientific knowledge necessary for the professional activity; continuous improvement of every next lesson; trying to make lessons more engaging, understandable and accessible; love for children, which does not end even when the students are ungrateful, do not appreciate the good attitude and abuse the teacher’s love, etc. It has been found that the analyzed works regarding the preparation of the teacher for organizing the educational activity of the younger generation are notable for the harmony of pedagogical ideas of past years with the present, namely: the development of a child should correspond to his or her physical and spiritual abilities, natural abilities; the upbringing of a child cannot be linked with his or her physical and moral abuse; upbringing is a multidimensional process carried out by educators, teachers, parents, etc.; the education process should be carried out by specially trained people.

INTERACTION WITH SOCIETY IN DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
A. K. Aitpayeva ◽  
◽  
Zh. M. Akparova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Education ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
The People ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Younger Generation

In modern psychological and pedagogical science, the concept of "socialization" is interpreted as the process of development and self-development of a person during the assimilation and reproduction of socio-cultural experience. And, of course, it is very important to ensure the successful socialization of the younger generation. In the modern world, the problem of social development of the younger generation is becoming one of the most urgent. Parents and educators are more concerned than ever about what needs to be done to ensure that a child entering this world becomes confident, happy, intelligent, kind, and successful. In this complex process of becoming a person, a lot depends on how the child adapts to the world of people, whether he will be able to find his place in life and realize his own potentialAt first glance, it seems that the social world of a preschool child is small. This is his family, adults and peers, whom he meets in kindergarten. However, the people around the child enter into a variety of relationships — kinship, friendship, professional and labor, etc. Therefore, even at preschool age, children need to form an idea of the diversity of human relations, tell them about the rules and norms of life in society, and equip them with behavioral models that will help them adequately respond to what is happening in specific life situations. In other words, it is necessary to manage the process of socialization.

scholarly journals On jurisdiction in case of extradition of a foreign citizen by the Russian Federation: the problems of theory and law enforcement practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Alexander Fedyunin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Specific Regulation

The subject of this research is the issues emerging in consideration of jurisdiction of the material on extradition of a foreign citizen by the Russian Federation. The article touches upon the peculiarities of national and territorial aspect of jurisdiction, and its specific regulation in the criminal procedure law. The article employs the general scientific and private scientific methods, such as scientific analysis, generalization, comparative-legal, formal-logical, which allowed to most fully reflect the essence and problematic aspects of the selected topic. The question at hand is of major importance for the theory of criminal procedure and law enforcement practice, as the mistakes in determination of jurisdiction of the material are a severe violation of the rights, including the convict, and entail the unconditional annulment of court decision. The analysis of the most common mistakes occurred in application of the norms regulating the jurisdiction of extradition of a foreign citizen convicted by the court of the Russian Federation, as well as theoretical issues associated with determination of the court that deals with the particular issue allows outlining the vector and finding solution to the indicated problems.

scholarly journals RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS UNDER RUSSIAN CRIMINAL LAW: ISSUES OF LEGISLATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND LAW

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078-1099
Author(s):  
Nina Yu. Skripchenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Trafficking In Persons ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of

Today, no state in the world can say with confidence that it does not face the problem of human trafficking as it does not depend on the geopolitical position of the country, nor on the socio-economic situation. The negative social consequences of the transformations in Russia at the end of the last century determined not only its transit destination during the illegal migration of labor, but also the role of the sender and recipient of human commodity (mainly women and children) intended for exploitation (i.e. including sexual), surrogacy, removal of organs and tissues. Trying to adhere to the international definition of human trafficking as much as possible and drawing on the existing experience of regulation, the Russian legislator enshrined the norm in the Criminal Code (Article 1271) containing editorial flaws that impeded its implementation. The purpose of the study is to formulate proposals to address the deficiencies identified during the study of the legislative definition of trafficking in persons, which cause difficulties in enforcement. The methodological basis is constituted by general scientific (analysis and synthesis, dialectics) and private scientific research methods (system-structural, formal-legal, logical, linguistic). The paper notes the terminological difficulties associated with the inclusion of Convention norms in the system of Russian law. Noting the need to establish enhanced guarantees of child safety, the author does not see the need for independent criminalization of trafficking in minors. By identifying technical and legal shortcomings in the definition of human trafficking and human exploitation, the author suggests ways to solve them by reforming the criminal law and judicial interpretation at the level of the Plenary Session of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

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