scholarly journals Influence of Pollination Technique on Greenhouse Tomato Production

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.K. Nazer ◽  
M.A. Kasrawi ◽  
Y.Z. Al-Attal
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Natural Pollination ◽  
And Control

An experiment was carried out to study the effects of four pollination techniques; Bumblebees (Bombus terrerstris L.), plant growth bioregulator (PGB) (Parachlorophenoxy acetic acid), hand vibration, and control (natural pollination) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) production in greenhouses. Bumblebees showed no problem in visiting flowers at a temperature range of 17-42°C during the day and 2-14°C at night. Bumblebee pollinated plants produced a yield per plant which was significantly higher than plants treated with PGB, vibration and the control, respectively. Fruit set of tomato flowers over 10 clusters was 99.1, 96.7, 76.7, and 65.7% for bumblebee treatment, PGB application, vibration and the control, respectively. In the bumblebee pollinated flowers, the quality of fruits was superior. The fruits were hard, with more seeds, and had a high specific gravity and better appearance. The average fruit weight was 100.3, 80.5, 84.1, and 70.6 g for the bumblebee, PGB, vibration and the control, respectively. The PGB treatment produced bigger sized but puffy fruits (108.4 ml). While fruit size in the vibration treatment was the highest (126.8 ml), followed by the bumblebee and the control which were 99.3 and 98.5 ml, respectively. Fruit specific gravity in the bumblebee treatment was significantly higher than other treatments, with no significant differences between the PGB and the vibration treatments. The least dense fruits were in the control treatment. Regarding the firmness of fruits, the bumblebee treatment gave the hardest fruits, while the PGB and the vibration treatments were intermediate and the control was the least. Average seed number per fruit was 177.0, 86.5, 61.8, and 89.8 for bumblebee, vibration, PGB and the control, respectively. 

scholarly journals Gibberellic acid combined with hand pollination increases ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple fruit quality and produced parthenocarpic ‘Gefner’ atemoya fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Jonathan Henry Crane ◽  
Wanda Montas ◽  
Célia Lúcia Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Natural Pollination

ABSTRACT: The present research aimed to evaluate the effect of applying gibberellic acid (GA3) with hand (HP) or natural pollination (NP) on fruit set and the fruit quality of ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple and ‘Gefner’ atemoya fruits.This study was performed in an experimental orchard located in Homestead, Florida, USA. The experimental design included randomized blocks, with eight treatments, four replicates and four plants per plot. Treatments included: (1) HP; (2) HP + 10 mg L-1 GA3; (3) HP + 100 mg L-1 GA3; (4) HP + 1,000 mg L-1 GA3; (5) NP; (6) NP + 10 mg L-1 GA3; (7) NP + 100 mg L-1 GA3 and (8) NP + 1,000 mg L-1 GA3. The HP plus 1,000 mg L-1 GA3 promoted fruit setting above 90% over the 14 weeks for all genotypes evaluated. Significant increments for length and total fruit weight were observed. ‘Red’ sugar apple and atemoya had a reduced number of seeds per fruit. The NP plus GA3 (1,000 mg L-1) was effective in producing high quality seedless ‘Gefner’ atemoya fruits. This investigationdemonstratedthat GA3 plus hand pollination produced high quality sugar apple and atemoya seeded fruits and in association with natural pollination promoted seedless ‘Gefner’atemoya fruits.

scholarly journals Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) under protected conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1676-1681
Author(s):  
Yash Thakur ◽  
J. S. Chandel ◽  
Pramod Verma
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Water

A field trial was conducted during 2015 and 2016, to study the effect ofgrowth regulators on growth, flowering, yield and fruit quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with 16 treatments viz.CPPU at 1, 2 and 4 ppm, GA3 at 25, 50 and 75 ppm, Promalin at 2, 4 and 6 ppm, GA4+7 at 5, 10 and15 ppm, NAA at 10, 20 and 30 ppm and control (water spray) and each treatment was replicated thrice. The results revealed that the plants sprayed with 15 ppm GA4+7 two weeks before flowering significantly reported highest plant height (33.43 cm), leaf area (239.70 cm2), number of flowers (31.94), fruit set (87.45 %), number of fruits per plant (29.02), yield (540.01 g/plant), fruit length (53.63 mm) and fruit diameter (37.19 mm) and fruit weight (23.70 g) as compared to control. This treatment resulted in 196.36 % increase in yield and 56.22 %in fruit weight over control. Plants sprayed with 6 ppm promalin also showed significant improvement in vegetative growth, fruit size, yield and fruit quality, which resulted in 137.92 % increase in yield and 51.81 % increase in fruit weight over control. Hence, it is concluded that foliar spray of 15 ppm GA4+7 applied 2 weeks before flowering is beneficial in improving growth, yield and fruit quality of strawberry plants.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL THINNING WITH ARMOTHIN® ON FRUIT SET, YIELD AND QUALITY OF JAPANESE PLUM (Prunus salicina Lindl.) CV. ‘FORTUNE’

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Von Bennewitz ◽  
Andrés Cabalín ◽  
Tomáš Lošák
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Japanese Plum ◽  
Prunus Salicina ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
General Chemical

The effects of the application of the chemical thinner Armothin® on fruit set, yield and quality of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cv. ‘Fortune’ were studied during two seasons in Central Chile (34.56°S, 71.5°W). Trees were sprayed with Armothin® at 0.5%, 1% and 2% concentrations. All thinning treatments reduced the fruit set and fruitlet number (fruitlets/50 cm of branch). Armothin® at 2% conc. was the most aggressive treatment, drastically reducing the fruit set from 85.9% and 82.9% of the control and crop load to unprofitable levels during both seasons. Chemical thinning treatments at the two lowest concentrations (0.5 and 1%) did not significantly alter the crop load compared with the unsprayed control during both study seasons. Thinning costs were reduced (Armothin® 0.5%, 25.0% and 21.5% of the control treatment and Armothin® 1%, 24.6% and 24.1% of the control, during the first and second season, respectively). In general, chemical thinning increased the fruit size and total soluble solids content (TSS). Taking into account the ef- fects on thinning, crop load, fruit quality and thinning costs, Armothin® 1% and Armothin® 0.5% are the most advantageous treatments in the case of this study.

scholarly journals Effect of GA3 Bloom Sprays on Fruit Set and Yield of Rabbiteye Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 853D-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Williamson ◽  
R.L. Darnell ◽  
G. Krewer ◽  
S. NeSmith
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Southern Georgia

Field and growth chamber experiments, and grower trials, were conducted to determine the effects of GA3 sprays on yield and fruit quality of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) in northern Florida and southern Georgia. Multiple GA3 sprays at various stages of flower development increased fruit set and yield in field experiments (Florida) and grower trials (Georgia) when compared to controls. Nonpollinated rabbiteye flowers sprayed with GA3 had greater percent fruit set and delayed fruit development compared to hand pollination. Percent fruit set and average fruit weight were reduced at 21C night temperature when compared to 10C night temperature for both hand-pollinated and GA3-treated fruit. Overall, yields were increased by multiple applications of GA3 during bloom, but average fruit size was reduced and the fruit development period was lengthened.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an Eco-Friendly Bloom Thinning Formulation on Mango Trees and Its Olfactory Effect on an Insect Pollinator, Apis mellifera

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Tae-Kwon Son ◽  
Md Munir Mostafiz ◽  
Hwal-Su Hwang ◽  
Nguyen Truong Thạnh ◽  
Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Olfactory Behavior ◽  
Insect Pollinator

In various orchard fruit trees, thinning of blossoms and fruits is important to increase fruit size and quality and to promote a new bloom in the following season. Several chemical thinning agents are currently commercially available, but they are inconsistent and produce side effects in crop plants and insect pollinators. Because of environmental concerns, developing alternative eco-friendly bloom thinning agents is necessary. We developed an eco-friendly bloom thinning formulation (BTF) using minerals and extracts of various medicinal plants. Our BTF spray (0.1%, <i>w/v</i>) decreased the number of fruits per tree (46.5%) and fruit yield per tree (81.5%) but increased the fruit weight (196.8%) compared with the control treatment; the spray induced a small number of larger mango fruits in the treated trees. We also investigated the effect of BTF on the olfactory behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae), a major insect pollinator. We analyzed the behavioral changes of adult workers at two different concentrations (0.1% and 1%) of nine different BTF spray components using a Y-tube olfactometer. The behavioral responses of honey bees to nine BTF components showed significant differences. However, honey bees showed no clear attraction or repellent behavior towards the tested BTF components. Our results suggest that the newly developed eco-friendly BTF is practically applicable in mango orchards without interrupting honey bee behavior.

Effect of Mechanical Damages and Storage Conditions on Quality of Markies cv. Potatoes for Processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dreice Nascimento Gonçalves ◽  
Luciana Gomes Soares ◽  
Ariana Mota Pereira ◽  
Paula Acácia Silva Ramos ◽  
Maria Eduarda Da Silva Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage

Aims: Evaluate whether mechanical damage and storage conditions affect the quality of the ‘Markies’ potato for processing. Study Design: The experimental design was the completely randomized, in the scheme of split-plots. The plots were composed of treatments with and without mechanical damage and the subplots were made up by the evaluation times, with 5 replicates, where the experimental unit was composed of 2 tubers. Place and Duration of Study: Tubers of the ‘Markies’ cultivar from the producing region of Perdizes, State of Minas Gerais, were planted in June 2016 and harvested in October 2016. Methodology: The tubers were stored for 2 months at 8°C, and further divided into treatment with damage, in which the tubers were subjected to impact and abrasion; and control treatment, in which the tubers were not damaged. After that, they were stored at 28°C and evaluated for their loss of loss of accumulated fresh mass (FML), total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugar (RS), non-reducing sugar (NRS) and color after frying in the periods of 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after being placed at room temperature. Results: The mechanical damage in the tubers increased FML, however, it did not affect the content of TSS, NRS, RS and color after frying. Increases were observed in the content of TSS and NRS after 12 h of evaluation. Grade 2 was assigned to the coloring scale after frying for the tubers regardless of treatment or evaluation period. Conclusion: Mechanical damage increases the FML and the ‘Markies’ cultivar is suitable for the industry of pre-fried potato processing even under the occurrence of mechanical damage and exposure to high temperatures.

scholarly journals The effect of the kind of Fe chelate on yielding and quality of greenhouse tomato fruits

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Chohura ◽  
Eugeniusz Kołota ◽  
Andrzej Komosa
Keyword(s):  
Control Treatment ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract A two-year-greenhouse experiment was designed to investigate the effect of four chelates, differing in percentage of Fe content and the kind of Fe bonding ligand: Fe 8 Forte (EDTA+HEEDTA), Fe 9 Premium (DTPA), Fe 13 Top (EDTA) and Librel Fe DP7 (DTPA), on the yield and fruit quality of the ‘Merkury’ F1 greenhouse tomato cultivar grown in peat substrate. Each of the tested fertilisers was applied in three different doses in order to reach the level of 50, 75 or 100 mg available Fe per 1 dm-3 of growing medium. In the control treatment the amount of this nutrient was equal to 17.9 mg dm-3. The tomato was cultivated from transplants on benches in the period from the beginning of April to the end of July. The highest marketable yield of tomato fruits was obtained from plants fertilised with Fe 9 Premium (DTPA), while the lowest was from the treatment with Fe 13 Top (EDTA) chelate. Both of these sources of iron were equally efficient for the early crop yield, which was significantly higher than that of other tested fertilisers. Irrespective of the Fe source, the most favourable dose of this nutrient for marketable and early fruit yield was 50 mg Fe dm-3. Both tested factors had little effect on fruit composition. The only exception was a significant drop of vitamin C content in the treatment supplied with Fe 9 Premium and an increment of Na in the case of Fe 13 Top use. The increase of Fe in the growing medium up to 75 and 100 mg dm-3 adversely affected the amount of P in tomato fruits.

scholarly journals Flowering period and fruit quality of peach trees selections and cultivars in the metropolitan region of Curitiba

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselda Alves ◽  
Jhulia Gelain ◽  
Gloria Soriano Vidal ◽  
Cristiano Nunes Nesi ◽  
Louise Larissa May De Mio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Peach Trees

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the flowering period and the physicochemical characteristics of peaches, aiming to find those most promising for the diversification of the peach crop in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Paraná State. We evaluated 8 selections and three cultivars in Porto Amazonas and 10 cultivars in Araucaria for flowering period, fruit set, diameter and height of fruit, average fruit weight, the skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), ratio SS/ TA, hydrogen potential (pH). The flowering period occurred between late June and late September ranging from 16 to 25 days. The fruit set rate was greater than 50% for ‘Cascata 1513’, ‘Cascata 1429’, ‘Cascata 1577’, ‘Cascata 1743’ and for all cultivars in Araucaria. There were significant differences for the other variables assessed. It was concluded that in Araucária, ‘Charme’ and ‘Chimarrita’ are good planting options, have the same duration of the cycle (111 days), being ‘Charme’ a little later. Besides these, ‘Douradão’ and ‘Rubimel’ have good fruit size, moderate acidity and best SS/TA ratio, being earlier than the previous ones. ‘PS 25399’ is the earliest and showed reddish epidermis and great consumer interest. In Porto Amazonas, selections and cultivars tested produced little fruit of small size, being required more studies to be recommended in these area.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NOZZLE TYPE AND SOME LOCALLY USED SURFACTANTS ON THE SPRAY QUALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-864
Author(s):  
Subr & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Spray Density ◽  
Dishwashing Detergent ◽  
And Control

This study was aimed to compare two spreading agents (Tween 20 (T) and dishwashing detergent (D)) which are commonly used in agricultural researches in Iraq and sometimes are used by the local spray applicators. Moreover, the universalflat fan nozzle (UNI) was compared with the air induction nozzle (AI) concerning the quality of the spray produced. The treatments included three concentrations (1.0%; 0.1% and 0.01% vol /vol %) of each spreading material beside the control treatment (water only). Spray quality was evaluated by using the water sensitive papers (WSP), and DepositScan software was used to analyze the scanned photos of WSP. Theevaluated parameters related to the spray quality included: spray coverage (%); spray density (Deposits/cm²); average droplet diameter (DV.5) and deposition of droplets (µL/cm²). Moreover, the penetration rate was also calculated by comparing the deposition quantity between two levels of WSP on the plant canopy (upper and middle level) while the deposition which reached the ground was considered as losses rate. The results have shown that adding Tween 20 spreading agent to the spray solution has produced more deposits per square centimeter and more penetration rate of spray inside the plants canopy than the detergent and control. Moreover, the UNI type nozzle produced higher coverage percentage and number of deposits per square centimeter than AI nozzle.

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