CHARACTERISTICS OF ESTATE FARMERS AND CONTRIBUTION OF ESTATE COMMODITIES ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME  IN NUSANIWE DISTRICT, AMBON CITY

Ambon as the capital of Maluku Province had been occupied by 3,558 farmers whose farming works have contributed to the production of estate commodities for about 1,169 tons. There were three estate commodities with significant contribution, namely clove, nutmeg, and coconut. The objective of research was to analyze the characteristics of estate farmers and the contribution of estate commodities on household income. Sample was determined purposively from Nusaniwe District, precisely 30 farmers from Nusaniwe Subdistrict, 60 farmers from Latuhalat Subdistrict, 50 farmers from Amahusu Subdistrict, and 60 farmers from Urimessing Subdistrict. Total sample was 200 farmers. Data were collected using questionnaire and depth interview with key informant. Data on respondent characteristic were analyzed through simple tabulation. Income count was used to analyze the contribution of each estate commodity on household income. Result of research showed that education, number of household member, side-job selection, land width, and commodity species were not varying across subdistricts. Contribution of clove and nutmeg to household income was found as high for 70 – 80 %, while that of coconut reached only 10 – 20%. Side-job activity as fisher and construction worker gave contribution to household income for 5 – 10%.

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PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PARTAI TERHADAP CALON ANGGOTA LEGISLATIF YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMILU (Accountability of Party Against Legislative Candidates Who Conduct Criminal Act of Election)

Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure ◽

10.30641/dejure.2016.v16.27-40 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Mohd Din ◽

Ida Keumala Jeumpa ◽

Nursiti Nursiti

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Criminal Responsibility ◽

Field Research ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Legal Research ◽

Library Research ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Key Informant ◽

Two Stages

This research aimed to study how the party`s accountability for offences committed by legislative candidates. What action that taken by a party of electoral violations and whether the party can be charged for. In the doctrine of Criminal Law known by criminal responsibility related to offenders, and in progress subject to criminal law, not only individual but institution or agency or corporation/firms. So, they should be responsible for it. It was a normative legal research, studying the principles of law related to criminal responsibility. Collecting data were done by two stages that were literature and field research. The first aimed to obtain secondary data namely, law material ;primary, secondary and tertiary. And then, the second, collecting data with an in-depth interview with certain key informant. It used a qualitative method.The result showed that party never asked for their responsibility related to offences by legislative candidates who committed election crime because the act did not rule it. The party had not take action associated with offences were done by them. Politic party as cooperation/firms ideally should take account to candidates who conducted the crime. It was a necessary regulation that managed its accountability as in cooperation. Besides, the party should give politics education and strict sanctions to them who did despicable manners. Key words: accountability, party, election of criminal act, legislative ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji bagaimana pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota Legislatif, Apa tindakan yang diambil oleh partai terhadap pelanggaran pemilu yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota Legislatif dan apakah partai dapat dipersalahkan terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota legislatif. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi oleh karena di dalam doktrin hukum pidana dikenal adanya pertanggungjawaban pidana yang dikaitkan dengan pelaku, dan dalam perkembangannya subyek hukum pidana bukan hanya orang perorangan, malainkan juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Sehingga yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban adalah juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yang mengkaji asas hukum yang terkait dengan pertanggungjawaban pidana, namun demikian diperlukan data lapangan sebagai pelengkap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian Kepustakaan (library research), untuk memperoleh data sekunder berupa bahan hukum; primer, sekunder dan tertier. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam (deptintevew) dengan narasumber yang ditentukan. Data yang terkumpul baik dari hasil penelitian lapangan maupun dari penelitian kepustakaan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Partai tidak pernah dimintai pertanggungjawaban sehubungan dengan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif yang melakukan tindak pidana Pemilu, karena Undang-undang tidak mengatur pertanggungjawaban Partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota ligeslatif. Partai tidak pernah melakukan tindakan terkait dengan calon legislatif yang melakukan pelanggaran. Partai Politik sebagai Korporasi idealnya juga harus bertanggungjawab terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif. Diperlukan regulasi yang mengatur pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh Calon anggota legislatif sebagaimana pertanggungjawaban dalam tindak pidana korporasi. Di samping itu, hendaknya partai melakukan pendidikan politik kepada anggotanya dan memberikan sanksi tegas kepada anggota partai politik yang merlakukan perbuatan yang tercela. Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana Pemilu

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Self-reported gender differentials in the knowledge of tuberculosis transmission and curative possibility using national representative data in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254499 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254499

Author(s):

Michael Boah ◽

Mary Rachael Kpordoxah ◽

Martin Nyaaba Adokiya

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Score ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Total Sample ◽

Household Member ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Gender Differentials ◽

Tuberculosis Transmission ◽

Correct Knowledge ◽

Gender Education

Background Health-seeking behaviour, stigma, and discrimination towards people affected by tuberculosis (TB) are influenced by awareness of the disease. Gender differentials in the diagnosis and treatment of TB have been reported in other settings of the world. However, little is known about the gender differences in the knowledge of TB transmission and curative possibility in Ghana. Methods The analysed data were a weighted sample of 9,396 women aged 15–49 years and 4,388 men aged 15–59 years, obtained from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. The dependent variable, correct knowledge regarding TB transmission and cure was derived from questions on the transmission of the disease and the possibility of a cure. A design-based multivariate logistic regression model in Stata 13.0/SE was used to identify the correlates of reporting correct knowledge. Results Overall, the mean knowledge score was 6.1±0.9 (maximum = 7). Of the 13,784 respondents, 45.7% (95% CI: 44.0–47.3) reported correct knowledge regarding TB transmission and cure. Men had significantly higher knowledge than women (50.9% versus 43.2%). Misconceptions, including TB transmitted through sharing utensils (13.3%), food (6.9%), touching a person with TB (4.5%), sexual contact (4.1%), and mosquito bites (0.4%) were noted. About 30% (33% women and 25% men) of the total sample would keep the information secret when a household member is affected with TB. In the adjusted analysis, age, gender, education, region, place of residence, wealth quintile, frequency of reading newspaper/magazine, listening to the radio, and watching television were significantly associated with reporting correct knowledge. Conclusions There was low knowledge regarding TB transmission and cure. Misconceptions regarding the transmission of TB prevailed among the participants. Gender differential in knowledge was observed. Comparatively, females were less likely to be aware of TB and report correct knowledge regarding TB transmission but were more likely to conceal information when a household member was affected by the disease.

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Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Panen Kelapa Sawit Di Kebun Batee Puteh PT. Agro Sinergi Nusantara

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v3i2.7410 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 183-194

Author(s):

Arham Arham ◽

Edy Marsudi ◽

Azhar Azhar

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Household Income ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Total Sample ◽

Total Income ◽

Oil Companies ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Total Household Income

Abstrak. Produktivitas tenaga kerja memegang peranan penting pada perusahaan kelapa sawit,penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar jumlah tanggungan keluarga,pendapatan total rumah tangga, premi, umur dan pengalaman mempengaruhi produktivitastenaga kerja panen kelapa sawit di Kebun Batee Puteh PT. Agro Sinergi Nusantara (ASN).Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode proportional random sampling dari 7 afdeling diKebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN dengan jumlah populasi 157 orang diambil 20% per afdeling jaditotal sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 32 orang. Teknik analisis yang digunakan padapenelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsialjumlah tanggungan keluarga, pendapatan total rumah tangga dan premi berpengaruh secarasignifikan terhadap prosuktivitas tenaga kerja panen kelapa sawit di Kebun Batee Puteh PT.ASN.Kata Kunci : Produktivitas tenaga kerja, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, pendapatan total rumahtangga, premi, umur, pengalaman.Abstract. Labor productivity plays an important role in palm oil companies, this study aims tofind out how big the number of family dependents, total household income, premiums, age andexperience affect the productivity of palm oil harvest work in Kebun Batee Puteh PT. AgroSinergi Nusantara (ASN). Method that used to take sample is proportional random samplingmethod from 7 afdeling at Kebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN with a population of 157 people taken20% each afdeling so the total sample in this study 32 people. The analysis technique used inthis research is multiple regression analysis. The results showed partially the number of familydependents, the total income of households and premiums significantly influence theprocurement of labor harvest of palm oil in Kebun Batee Puteh PT. ASN.

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Labour Emigration From Ethiopia

International Journal of Public Sociology and Sociotherapy ◽

10.4018/ijpss.2021070103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 33-50

Author(s):

Ebabu Chekole Mengistu

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Key Informant ◽

The World ◽

High Level ◽

Key Informant Interview

In recent years, the magnitude and complexity of movements have brought increased attention to the phenomenon of emigration which affects nearly all countries in the world. In developing countries, labour emigration is extremely complex. The main objective of the study is to explore the trends, causes, and challenges of labour emigration from Ethiopia. In-depth interview, key informant interview, observation, and document analysis were used as methods of data collection. Content and document analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that there is a high level of labour emigration from Ethiopia. Labour emigration from Ethiopia is mostly associated with economic factors such as unemployment, underemployment, and the search for better life in the destination countries. The institutional structure and inter-institutional collaboration in relation to labour emigration are informed by a fragmented framework. As a result, Ethiopian migrant workers are highly vulnerable to human rights violations.

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STRUKTUR WACANA DALAM RITUAL NYADRAN AGUNG DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO

Widyaparwa ◽

10.26499/wdprw.v46i2.169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 168-178

Author(s):

Desy Rufaidah ◽

Octavian Muning Sayekti

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Discourse Structure ◽

Micro Structure ◽

Social Culture ◽

Mutual Assistance ◽

Interactive Analysis ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Key Informant

This study aims to describe the discourse structure used in Nyadran Agung ritual which was held in Kulon Progo District. The data of the research are words (utterances) and material elements in the ritual. The data are collected through observation and in-depth interview. The collected data are validated using key informant review, source triangulation and method. To analyze the data, the researchers perform interactive analysis technique and Teun Van Dijk’s model of discourse analysis. The result shows that discourse structures of Nyadran Agung ritual are divided into macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. The macro structure covers social-culture, religious value, tolerance, and mutual assistance. The superstructure covers pre-preface, preface, content, and closing. The micro structure is observed from the sentence types used during the ritual which covers declarative and imperative (politeness, request, hope, and invitation) sentences.Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan struktur wacana ritual Nyadran Agung di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata-kata (tuturan) dan unsur material dalam ritual Nyadran Agung. Data diperoleh dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Data yang telah diperoleh divalidasi dengan review informan kunci, triangulasi sumber, dan metode. Data yang telah divalidasi dianalisis dengan teknik analisis interaktif dan model analisis wacana Teun Van Dijk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa struktur wacana dalam ritual Nyadran Agung terbagi menjadi struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Struktur makro ritual Nyadran Agung, yaitu sosial-budaya, religius, toleransi, dan gotong royong. Superstruktur dalam ritual Nyadran Agung terbagi menjadi empat bagian, yaitu prapendahuluan, pendahuluan, isi, dan penutup. Struktur mikro dilihat dari jenis kalimat, dalam ritual Nyadran Agung ditemukan kalimat deklaratif, imperatif (santun, permintaan, harapan, dan ajakan).

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INEQUALITY AND WELFARE OF THE DISPLACED HOUSEHOLDS DUE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF KOTO PANJANG DAM

Jurnal Antropologi Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya ◽

10.25077/jantro.v21.n1.p93-101.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Fery Andrianus ◽

Syafruddin Karimi ◽

Werry Darta Taifur ◽

Endrizal Ridwan

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

Household Income ◽

Gini Index ◽

Economic Condition ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Total Sample ◽

Household Welfare ◽

Average Household Income ◽

The Relationship ◽

Resettlement Programs

Displacement due to the construction of the Koto Panjang dam has an impact on household welfare. The displaced households experienced a very poor economic condition at the beginning of the displacement period. This study seeks answers to two questions: how the current welfare of the households is and how the relationship between welfare and income inequality of those households is. The study was conducted on 12 villages which are the locations of involuntary resettlement programs with a total sample of 360 households. The study used Gini index to measure income inequality and Subjective Welfare Indicator to compare household welfare. The results showed that in general, the average household income in Koto Panjang was higher than the Provincial Minimum Wage, but it was not evenly distributed in all villages. The result also showed a negative relationship between welfare and income inequality, but it cannot be used for further analysis because the correlation value is very low.

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Seaweed Micro-Business Enterprises’ Support on Forming the Information Centre of Seaweed Farming

Jurnal Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan ◽

10.31940/jbk.v15i1.1250 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Wellem Anselmus Teniwut ◽

Marimin Marimin ◽

Taufik Djatna

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Economic Factor ◽

Total Sample ◽

Selling Price ◽

Seaweed Cultivation ◽

Seaweed Farming ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Information Center ◽

Business Enterprises

Saat ini rumput laut mengalami penurunan dalam jumlah petani maupun produktivitas yang diakibatkan oleh banyak faktor yang mana. Pemicu utamanya adalah adanya asimetris informasi dalam rantai pasok budidaya rumput laut di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara. Salah satu solusi yang dapat ditawarkan adalah pembukaan pusat informasi budidaya rumput laut. Hal ini mengingat kondisi geografis wilayah Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara yang berbentuk kepulauan dan akses jalan, internet serta jaringan telepon seluler yang terbatas. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengestimasi persepsi pelaku usaha mikro rumput laut baik distributor, penjual bibit maupun petani pada gagasan dibentuknya pusat informasi budaya rumput laut. Proses pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2018 menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 13 desa di 6 kecamatan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 232 responden. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan regresi logistic. Data-data yang digunakan diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan in-depth interview. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari sisi sosial ekonomi semakin berumur dan semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan maka tingkat dukungan pelaku usaha mikro rumput laut pada pusat informasi rumput laut semakin rendah. Khusus bagi pelaku usaha, distributor rumput laut di wilayah ini cenderung menolak adanya pusat informasi rumput lat, hal ini terkait kemampuan mereka dalam memanipulasi harga jual dan kualitas produk. Currently, seaweed has decreased in the number of farmers and productivity caused by many factors, the main trigger of which is the asymmetric information in the supply chain of seaweed cultivation in Southeast Maluku District. Thus, one of the solutions that can be offered is by the opening of the seaweed cultivation information center. The objective of the present research was to estimate the perception of micro seaweed business enterprises namely distributors, sellers of seeds and farmers on the idea of forming the seaweed farming information center in Southeast Maluku District. The data collection was conducted from January to May 2018, using purposive sampling on 13 villages spread over 6 districts with a total sample of 232 respondents. Data analysis methods used in this research was descriptive analysis and logistic regression. The Data was obtained by using questionnaires and in-depth interview. The results showed that from social economic factor, the older and higher education level, tend not to support seaweed information center. In addition, based on the role on seaweed, the distributors in this region tend to reject the idea of forming the information center of seaweed farming, because it will weaken their ability to manipulate the selling price and product quality.

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Analisis Pemasaran Usahatani Cabai Merah Keriting dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Pendapatan Keluarga di Kelurahan Sei Selincah Kecamatan Kalidoni Palembang

Jurnal Agrinika : Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Agribisnis ◽

10.30737/agrinika.v4i2.1056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Yudhi Zuriah Wirya ◽

Endah Novitarini ◽

M. Fahrurozi

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Research Method ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Total Sample ◽

Marketing Channels ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Marketing Costs ◽

Marketing Margins

The purpose of this study was to 1) identify the marketing channels, analyze marketing costs, marketing margins, and farmer's share of curly red chilies, and 2) calculate the magnitude of the income contribution of curly red chili farming to household income. This research was conducted in Sei Selincah Subdistrict, Kalidoni District, Palembang City in January 2020. The research method used was a survey. The sampling method was carried out purposively with a total sample of 20 farmers from 215 members of the curly red chili farmer population, while the sampling method of the marketing agencies used snowball sampling to marketing institutions in the research location. The results showed that there were 3 marketing channels of curly red chili in Sei Selincah Subdistrict, namely a) farmers-collecting merchants-consumers, b) farmer-wholesalers-retailers-consumers, and c) farmers-large collecting merchants-Lemabang markets-retailers-consumers. The costs of each marketing channel, respectively, was IDR570, IDR740, and IDR733 with a marketing margin of IDR5,000, IDR6,500, and IDR7,667. Farmer’s shares were consecutively 85.7 percent, 71.1 percent, and 58.8 percent. Furthermore, the contribution of income from curly red chili farming to household income of 89.6 percent was classified as a large criterion.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk 1) mengidentifikasi saluran pemasaran cabe merah keriting, menganalisis biaya pemasaran, margin pemasaran dan farmer’s share cabai merah kertiting, dan 2) menghitung besarnya kontribusi usahatani cabai merah keriting terhadap pendapatan keluarga. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Sei Selincah Kecamatan Kalidoni Kota Palembang pada bulan Januari 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Metode penarikan contoh dilakukan secara sengaja dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 petani contoh dari 215 anggota populasi petani cabai merah kerting, sedangkan metode pengambilan lembaga pemasaran menggunakan snowball sampling terhadap lembaga pemasaran di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 3 saluran pemasaran cabai merah keriting di Kelurahan Sei Selincah, yaitu a) petani -pedagang pengumpul-konsumen, b) petani-pedagang besar-pedagang pengecerkonsumen, c) petani-pedagang pengepul besar-pasar Lemabang-pedagang pengecerkonsumen. Biaya pemasaran masing-masing adalah Rp570, Rp740, dan Rp733 dengan margin pemasaran berturut-turut Rp5000, Rp6.500, dan Rp7.667. Farmer’s share secara berurutan adalah 85,7 persen, 71,1 persen, dan 58.8 persen. Selanjutnya kontribusi pendapatan usahatani cabai merah keriting terhadap pendapatan keluarga sebesar 89.6 persen tergolong kriteria besar.

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Kualitas Pelayanan Transportasi di PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Kabupaten Sidoarjo

JKMP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen Publik) ◽

10.21070/jkmp.v5i1.1319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Rizka Ismianingtyas ◽

Isna Fitria Agustina

Keyword(s):

Primary Data ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Waiting Room ◽

Railway Station ◽

Service Effectiveness ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Key Informant ◽

Self Service ◽

Printing Machine

Purpose of this research is analyze and describe ticketing service effectiveness at Sidoarjo Railway Station, describe factors that impact service effectiveness. Type of this research is descriptive qualitative with informant act of determining technique snowball sampling. Primary data will be obtained from in-depth interview with key informant i.e chief of Sidoarjo railway station, 2 ticketing officers and 5 passengers in Sidoarjo railway station as informant.Result of this research reveals that service, delivered Sidoarjo railway station is effective. In terms of the responsive and polite officers, they have good capability to serve passengers, proper service deliverance, in addition to put empathy on their passengers. Yet, the provision of self-service ticket printing machine (CTM) and waiting room facility are still lack, specifically for days off. local railway ticket which can’t be purchased by online. Factors influencing service effectivity, namely, First, awareness factor, the service officers carry out their responsibility properly. Secondly, regulation factor, Sidoarjo railway station itself runs with the regulation. Thirdly, officials revenue is above the regional minimum wages (UMR). Fourthly, officers’ competency, the ticketing service officers are competent. Fifthly, facility factor the facility waiting room self-service ticket printing machine (CTM) and for passengers are not fairly yet.

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Does Paying for Aquatic Resources Matter? A Case of an African Riverine Ecosystem

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4177

Author(s):

Gladys Chigamba ◽

Moses Limuwa ◽

Emmanuel Kaunda

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Community Support ◽

Key Factors ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Aquatic Resources ◽

Environmental Goods ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Key Informant ◽

Rivers And Streams ◽

Linthipe River

Valuation of environmental goods and services has an important role to play in the protection and conservation of riverine resources. However, the literature shows a dearth of information regarding factors that influence people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for riverine resources. This research study was undertaken to find out key factors that affect the willingness of people to pay for the conservation of aquatic resources in the lower section of the Linthipe River in Malawi. Data was collected through household interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and contingent valuation (CV) surveys. The study noted that communities were willing to offer $3.51 per year for the conservation of aquatic resources in the river. This study established that the people’s WTP is a function of education level, household usage of the goods and services, community support in the management of the resources, household income, and distance of the household from the river ecosystem. The study further discovered that the pay-out level of the users along the Linthipe River was driven by household usage of resources from the river, period of stay in the area, and level of household income. Our recommendation is that government and development partners should popularize the important role played by rivers and streams to surrounding communities and beyond to appeal for more support from users. The authorities must further empower the communities along the rivers and streams to sustainably manage the aquatic resources for the continued appreciation of aquatic resources by future generations.

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