scholarly journals Laboratory parameters of hemostasis in patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
E. A. Seregina ◽  
E. M. Koltsova ◽  
F. I. Ataullakhanov ◽  
A. G. Rumyantsev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Common Disorder ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The new coronavirus infection (currently classified as COVID-19), first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has contributed to a significant increase in global mortality. Coagulopathy is a common disorder in COVID-19 patients, which develops in parallel with respiratory failure. Currently, COVID-19 continues to be a life-threatening disease and requires new developments and solutions to define preventive and curative strategies. Studies often report an abnormality in the balance of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in COVID-19, but there is still no adequate set of laboratory tests that could provide a diagnosis of coagulopathy in COVID-19. This review analyzes current studies on the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 coagulopathy, and also analyzes the informativeness of laboratory hemostasis tests in relation to the severity of the disease and clinical outcomes.

Acute Manifestations of Neuromuscular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christyn Edmundson ◽  
Shawn Bird
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Neuromuscular Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Anterior Horn Cell ◽  
Severe Morbidity ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Underlying Disorder

AbstractNeuromuscular emergencies may be defined as disorders or exacerbation of diseases of the peripheral nervous system that are rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening. Such disorders can affect any level of the peripheral nervous system, from the muscle to the anterior horn cell. While their clinical manifestations may vary, severe morbidity and mortality is most frequently the result of neuromuscular respiratory failure. Some disorders, such as Guillain–Barré syndrome, provide the additional threat of severe, and potentially irreversible, nerve loss. Others, such as rhabdomyolysis and malignant hyperthermia, may produce serious medical complications. This article reviews neuromuscular emergencies by localization in the peripheral nervous system of the underlying disorder, as well as the identification and management of neuromuscular respiratory failure.

scholarly journals ECMO Rescues Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Related to GPA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjun Wan ◽  
Wenzhe Yang ◽  
Xinhua Ma ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Pinhua Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a subtype of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with a wide range of clinical symptoms related to the systemic involvement of small blood vessels. The respiratory system is one of the most frequently involved, and life-threatening acute respiratory failure could occur due to diffusive alveolar hemorrhage and tracheal stenosis. When maximum mechanical ventilation is unable to maintain oxygenation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) should be considered as the final respiratory supportive method, if available. Here we present a 32-year-old male patient with acute respiratory failure (ARF) related to GPA, who was rescued by winning time for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Additionally, we reviewed more than 60 GPA-related ARF cases on multiple online databases, summarized the clinical manifestations of these patients, and concluded that ECMO plays an important role in further respiratory support for ARF patients with GPA and assists in accurate and timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, thus helping them recuperate.

scholarly journals Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with a new coronavirus infection: unresolved issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Lobzin ◽  
A. A. Vilnits ◽  
M. M. Kostik ◽  
M. K. Bekhtereva ◽  
A. N. Uskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Since March 2020, the first reports have appeared about the increasing, almost everywhere, number of children who have undergone a new coronovirus infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 with a symptom complex resembling the manifestations of Kawasaki disease. A special feature of the clinical manifestations of this syndrome, which is called “Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19”, is the high incidence of life-threatening conditions caused by the sharp development of arterial hypotension against the background of cardiogenic or vasogenic shock.In St. Petersburg, since the end of November 2020, there has been a sharp surge in admissions of children to the ICU of various hospitals with the clinic of Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, who have laboratory confirmation of the transferred COVID-19.The purpose of this article is to attract the attention of doctors of various profiles, to combine efforts to study this pathology, to determine the criteria for verifying the diagnosis, optimal treatment regimens and dispensary monitoring of patients who have been ill.

scholarly journals serum 25(oH)D level in patients with CoVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Karonova ◽  
А. Т. Andreeva ◽  
М. А. Vashukova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Disease Analysis

Recently, vitamin D deficiency is considered as a risk factor for the incidence and severity of new coronavirus infection. The aim of this work was to evaluate the vitamin D level of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized with communityacquired pneumonia and compare the value of 25(OH)D in blood serum with the clinical manifestations of the disease. Results. Included are 80 patients aged 18 to 94 years (mean age 53,2 ± 15,7 years), 43 (53,8%) men; with severe course – in 25 (31,3%) patients (12 males), and moderate – in 55 people (68,7%) (31 males). Half of the severely ill patients were obese, and among the deceased patients, the number of obese people was 61,5%, which was significantly higher than the discharged ones – 14,9% (p<0,001). Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases occurred with the same frequency, regardless of the severity of the disease. Analysis of the outcomes of coronavirus infection in these patients showed mortality in 52,0% of cases in severe patients. Serum 25(OH)D level ranged from 3,0 to 88,8 ng / ml (16,7 ± 12,7 ng / ml). It was found that in patients with severe course, the level of 25(OH)D blood was significantly lower (11.9 ± 6.4 ng / ml) and vitamin D deficiency was more common than in patients with moderate to severe course of the disease (18,5 ± 14,0 ng / ml, p = 0,027). The same pattern was revealed in patients with a fatal outcome, where the level of 25(OH)D was 10,8 ± 6,1 ng / ml, compared with this indicator in patients discharged from the hospital (17,8 ± 13,4 ng / ml) (p = 0,02). Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency and obesity have been found to increase the risk of severe course and death of coronavirus infection.

scholarly journals Microscopic Polyangiitis in Systemic Sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Microscopic Polyangiitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Skin Involvement ◽  
Multisystemic Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

AAV in SSc is described from the point of view of MPA. Some of reported SSc cases with AAV are thought to exhibit the characteristic clinical manifestations of MPA, although ANCA positivity in SSc is uncommon. MPA is clinically characterized by a multisystemic disease such as RPGN, pulmonary hemorrhage, mononeuritis, and skin involvement, as well as other manifestations in conjunction with high levels of inflammatory activity such as high ESR or CRP. It is also characterized by a high frequency of MPO-ANCA, showing predominant pANCA by IIF. When rapid renal failure or RPGN with active urine sediments, pulmonary hemorrhage and/or systemic inflammatory manifestations are observed in patients with SSc having positive ANCA, the possibility of MPA should always be considered. If SSc patients with MPA have life-threatening visceral involvement such as the above clinical manifestations, the patients should be treated with induction therapy using cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, corticosteroids, or plasmapheresis, etc. according to the severity of the disease soon after the diagnosis of MPA. It is important not to overlook characteristic clinical manifestations of AAV during the course of the disease in SSc in order to diagnose MPA early.

scholarly journals A case of tracheobronchomalacia due to relapsing polychondritis treated with Montgomery T-tube

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1983216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nari Jeong ◽  
Hang Jea Jang ◽  
Jae Ha Lee ◽  
Hyeon-Kuk Kim ◽  
Jin Han Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Relapsing Polychondritis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Laryngotracheal Stenosis ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
T Tube ◽  
Standard Medical Therapy ◽  
Life Threatening

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare and multi-system autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by inflammation and destruction of cartilaginous structures. Its clinical manifestations include recurrent chondritis of the ears, nose, pinna, peripheral joints, and laryngotracheobronchial tree and can be life-threatening in advanced cases of laryngotracheal stenosis. Because of the rarity of relapsing polychondritis and lack of understanding of its pathogenesis, there is no standard medical therapy, and treatment is tailored according to disease activity and site of organ involvement. In respiratory failure due to laryngotracheal involvement, which has been reported in up to 50% of relapsing polychondritis patients and is a major cause of death, immediate procedures such as stenting and tracheostomy are very important. This report describes a 70-year-old male patient suffering from tracheobronchomalacia due to relapsing polychondritis who was treated with Montgomery T-tube insertion.

scholarly journals A potential role for AHR in SARS-CoV-2 pathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Giovannoni ◽  
Zhaorong Li ◽  
Cybele C. Garcia ◽  
Francisco J. Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Viral Immunity ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Abstract Coronavirus infection is associated to life-threatening respiratory failure. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was recently identified as a host factor for Zika and dengue viruses; AHR antagonists decrease viral titers and ameliorate ZIKV-induced pathology in vivo. Here we report that AHR is activated during coronavirus infection, impacting anti-viral immunity and lung basal cells associated to tissue repair. Hence, AHR antagonists are candidate therapeutics for the management of coronavirus-infected patients.

Clinical case of lung lesions in patient with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
T. N. Gavva ◽  
L. V. Kuzmenkova ◽  
Yu. N. Fedulaev ◽  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
D. D. Kaminer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Clinical Interest

A case of lung damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 33-year-old woman is described. This case is of clinical interest due to the complexity of diagnosis due to the fact that SLE is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations involving many organs and systems, which often makes it difficult to timely recognize the onset of the disease. SLE still remains a challenge and requires special attention to the patient s history, clinical and laboratory parameters of the patient, as well as specific immunological examinations.

Profil Penyakit Malaria Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

Profil Penyakit Malaria di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana Y ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

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