scholarly journals Brain Drain from Pakistan: Problem or Opportunity

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 4502-4505
Author(s):  
Muhammad SalehMemon ◽  
Shabana Jamil ◽  
Abrar Malik
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Brain

Study was conducted to check the Brain Drain as an opportunity or Problem by using Remittances as the result of brain drain and economic variables of GDP, Per Capita Income, and Public Debt was used in the analysis to check the effect by using multiple regression which states that overall model is fit and independent variables are rightly predicting the dependent variables and concluded that brain drain proved to be an opportunity for the government of Pakistan for improving the economic position.

scholarly journals Memodelkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Kota di Jawa Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakim ◽  
Raras Kinanthi
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effect Method

This paper models District Revenue (DR) in regencies and cities in Central Java. The independent variables that are expected to describe the DR behavior are Gross Regional Per Capita Income (GRPCI), Population (POP), Regional Government Expenditure (GOV), and inflation (INF). The panel data covers 35 regencies and cities in Central Java, from 2012 to 2016. Using the regression model of panel data with fixed effect method, it is found that all the variables significantly influence DR with inflation as the dominant variable followed by the population. Government expenditures, the vairable that can be controlled directly by the government, have only the smallest influence among the other four variables.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

scholarly journals Non-Price Criteria for the Evaluation of the Tender Offers in Public Procurement of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Alexander Baranovsky ◽  
Nataliia Tkachenko ◽  
Vladimer Glonti ◽  
Valentyna Levchenko ◽  
Kateryna Bogatyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Tender Offers ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

Traditionally, public procurement has been associated with the measurement of achieving savings. However, recent research shows that the economic impact of public procurement is not limited only to savings, but by measuring the impact of four capitals—natural, human, social, and economic—on sustainable well-being over time. Ukraine is a country with a very low gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, which exacerbates the problem of the impact of public procurement results on the population’s welfare. Ukrainian public procurement legislation allows customers to apply non-price criteria (the share of non-price criteria cannot be more than 70%), which, together, are taken into account in the formula of the quoted price. The studies show that the effect of the use of non-price criteria depends on the relevance of the method of the evaluation of non-price criteria. The most important non-price criteria for Ukrainian customers by product categories and the methods of their evaluation are analyzed according to the Bi.prozorro.org analytics module. Therefore, it is concluded that the quoted price method, which is used in Ukrainian practice, is not relevant in comparison with the method used in the EU. A survey of the government buyers on the practice of applying non-price criteria was conducted, and the areas of their use were identified.

The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth: New evidence from Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Antonia Gkergki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Econometric Tests ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the relationship between the energy consumption and economic growth from 1968 to 2019 in Greece, by employing the vector error-correction model estimation. A series of econometric tests are employed concerning the stationary of the data, and the co-integration and the relationship among the variables during the long- and short-term. The em-pirical results suggest that there is no bidirectional relationship between economic growth and energy consumption. More specifically, GDP per capita does not affect the energy consump-tion of the three primary sources either in the long-term or the short-term. In other words, the economic crisis and its implications for GDP do not affect energy consumption, and they are not responsible for the considerable decrease in energy sources' consumption. On the other hand, the energy consumption of oil and coal negatively affect the GDP per capita. These re-sults are different from previous studies' conclusions for Greece; this is because the never been experienced before. These findings raise new research questions and also show the limi-tations of the Greek market, as it is regulated and controlled by the government.

Determinant of placement on the performance of the civil servant apparatus (ASN) in the mare subdistrict of bone regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-004
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Employee Performance ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
T Test ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
District Office ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

The right man in the right place and the right man behind the right job. The placement of employees becomes very important to improve employee performance including ASN in the government office of Mare Subdistrict, Bone Regency. The purpose of the study is to see the influence or role of employee placement factors on the performance of ASN employees. Apakh has a significant influence. The research was conducted on a number of ASNs in the government office of Mare District of Bone Regency. The method of data collection is done by saturated survey method (census). The method of data analysis is to use a hypothesis test, which is a t-test to see the influence of independent variables, namely placement (X) on dependent variables, namely ASN performance (Y). The results of the study obtained that the placement factor had a significant effect (real) on the performance of ASN in the District Office mare Bone Regency. This is evident from the results of the t test where the placement variable (X) has a significance value (Sig.=0.001<0.05) and is also shown from a t-calculated value (4.015) greater than the value of t-table (1,667).

The Loan Shark in ASEAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 252-277
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa Musari
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Loan Shark

Loan shark is a humanitarian problem faced by many countries in the world, including in Asia, even in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)'s countries. Loan shark activities are found not only in Myanmar and Cambodia, which has the lowest per capita income in ASEAN but also in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei, and even Singapore, which are the five countries with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in ASEAN. How are loan shark practices in ASEAN countries? Can nanofinance overcome the microfinance gap to fight the loan shark? How the practice of Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) in Indonesia to nanofinance with qardhul hassan contract? Find the answers in this chapter.

Introduction: Enterprise and State in the Italian “Economic Miracle”

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Tolliday
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Italian Economy ◽  
Economic Miracle ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Better Than

The first two articles in this issue of Enterprise & Society shed new light on the performance of the postwar Italian economy, an intriguing paradox for economic and business historians. Italy has been notorious for its political instability, inflation, massive public debt, and clientelism. Its political and economic institutions are often derided and labeled dysfunctional. Yet, in historical perspective, the country has frequently performed better than its more stable and “efficient” European neighbors and other developed economies. Between 1950 and 1973, for example, Italy’s Gross National Product grew at 6.8 percent per annum and its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita at a rate of 4.8 percent (matching Germany and second only to Japan). Even more remarkably, since 1973 its GDP, manufacturing output, exports, and productivity have all grown faster than that of any other major European economy.

Oil will challenge fragile institutions in Guyana

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

Significance Guyana, hitherto a non-oil producing state, will produce growing volumes of crude oil. This will bring a range of consequences, potentially both positive and negative. It will see Guyana's GDP per capita soar, its balance of payments improve and the government’s income grow. However, it will also face so-called ‘resource curse’ risks, including economic distortions, corruption, wasteful government spending, ’Dutch disease’ and potentially even geopolitical complications. Impacts The government will struggle to manage expectations and use an unprecedented inflow of revenues to best advantage. Guyana’s new-found wealth could inflame tensions with neighbouring Venezuela, which claims much of its territory. There is a low but potentially high-impact risk that serious confrontation with Venezuela could bring in other players.

scholarly journals The role of entrepreneurship in explaining the real Gross Domestic Product per capita: Regression model selection

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Anita Harmina
Keyword(s):  
Model Selection ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The Real ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Real Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract In this research, the impact of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and competitiveness of the economy on the real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is analyzed in a cross-section of world economies using the methods of correlation and multiple regression analysis. In the attempt to select between the linear and the double-logarithmic model, the regression diagnostics and quality of the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables were analyzed. The functional form of the model was tested by the MacKinnon, White and Davidson test. Model selection methods regarding the comparison of coefficients of determination and the Akaike information criterion were used. The results of the analysis show that independent variables have a statistically significant impact on the real GDP per capita, and that the real GDP per capita is elastic to the changes of competitiveness but inelastic to the changes of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF INNOVATION ACTIVITY AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga BUCHINSKAIA ◽  
Elena STREMOUSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
New Industry ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – the purpose of the study is to define the sources and restrictions of new industry development based on the R&amp;D -related factors of the countries studied; to show the conditions of inequality based on the existing infrastructure, which are obstacles for achieving an advantage in technology. Research methodology – the panel studies were conducted on four groups of countries divided by the level of GDP per capita. High technology exports and charges for the use of the intellectual property were used as dependent variables. Findings – as a result of the study, the factors that influenced the dependent variables in each of these groups of countries were identified. The differences in the significance of factors are shown. Research limitations – the limitations of the study are significant gaps in the time series for a number of countries. They make it impossible to use such data in the econometric model. Some indicators are taken into account relatively recently, which makes it impossible to consider long-term trends. Practical implications – the results of the research should help the country decision-makers optimize measures to develop domestic R&amp;D and innovative production. Originality/Value – the originality of the research is the study of country sets grouped by the level of GDP per capita. The specifics of patents and trademarks influence on the innovative activity of countries with different income levels are determined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document