Stimulus Vividness and Anxiety Level in Intentional—Incidental Learning

1964 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn E. Miller ◽  
Joyce A. Dost
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Test ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

High (Ha) and low (La) scorers on the MAS were instructed to alphabetize a deck of 30 words, 10 each of which were high, medium, or low vivid. Group I had 3 trials with incidental instructions (told only to sort), a recognition test of the words, three more trials with instructions to learn the words, and a second recognition test. Group II had 6 incidental sorting trials followed by a recognition test. It was hypothesized that Ha Ss would sort more efficiently and recognize fewer words because of a greater tendency to focus on fewer available cues. Findings in support of the hypothesis were that Ha Ss sorted more rapidly and more accurately, recognized fewer words, and showed greater disruption in the sorting task when instructed to learn the words. In addition, Ha Ss evidenced a “sensitized” reaction to medium vivid words.

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF DEEP NECK FLEXOR STRENGTHENING EXERICISE WITH MCKENZIE NECK EXERCISE FOR NECK POSTURE CORRECTION ON STUDENTS WITH FORWARD HEAD POSTURE AT SMA N 1 SEMARAPURA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Gede Eka Juli Prasana ◽  
I Nyoman Adiputra ◽  
I Made Krisna Dinata
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Group I ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

This study aims to compare deep neck flexor strengthening exercise intervention with mckenzie neck exercise to correct the neck posture of student with forward head posture. Using experimental design with Pre-Test and Post-Test Group Design involves a sample of 24 people divided into 2 groups. Group I was given deep neck flexor strengthening exercise intervention and Group II was given mckenzie neck exercise intervention. Hypothesis Test using paired sample t-test obtained result p = 0.592 with average difference in Group I 7.58 ± 4.39 whereas Group II got difference mean 8.5 ± 3.84. These results showed no significant difference in craniovertebral angle elevation before and after intervention in both groups. Keywords : forward head posture, craniovertebrae angle, deep neck flexor strengthening exercise, mckenzie neckexercise,

Physical Activity Effects in Elderly Female: Evaluation through Six-minute Walking Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Merati ◽  
Alice Beretta ◽  
Luca Eid ◽  
Francesco Casolo ◽  
Nicola Lovecchio
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group

Physical Activity Effects in Elderly Female: Evaluation through Six-minute Walking Test Study aim. Aerobic capacity is very important for elderly. Daily living activities, such as walking, doing housework and shopping, require a good strength, but also a good aerobic endurance. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of regular training activity on a typical daily action, such as deambulation. Material and methods. Twenty-six volunteer elderly women randomly divided into two groups, group II (age = 64,5 ± 3,58 years, weight = 61,67 ± 4,25 kg, height = 1,62 ± 0,04 m; BMI = 23,67 ± 1,79 kg m-2), group I (age = 65,21 ± 4,59 years, weight = 63,36 ± 7,59 kg, height = 1,62 ± 0,06 m; BMI = 24,1 ± 1,98 kg m-2) participated in this study. Groups performed endurance training for eight weeks (2 days per week, 1 hour each, for experimental group II; 1 day per week, 1 hour each, for experimental group I). Exercises involved in many possibilities of physical expression to keeping all body in motion for at least 30 min. During the second 30 min exercises for abdominal and lower limb muscles were proposed. The physical efficacy was tested through 6 min walking test. Results. After the training all people increased the distance in the test. Group II participants significantly improved their distance (pre-training = 636.25 m, post-training = 673.75 m). Group I reported also improvements (pre = 568.21 m; post = 600 m), but with a minor level of significance. Conclusions. Specific regular physical activity provides significant benefits adopting two sessions per week but it is also important do not underestimate the possibility, where people can not, of a one training session per week. Regular and adequate levels of physical activity allow improving daily living activity helping the elderly to keep their autonomy as long as possible.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Growth Factor, Bone Graft, and Resorbable Barrier Membrane in Management of Dehiscence and Fenestration of Dental Implants

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Umesh P Verma
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Barrier Membrane ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was primarily designed to evaluate the outcome of guided bone graft regeneration in peri-implant defects by combining recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) and granules of beta-tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP) mounted by resorbable biomesh membrane. Secondary objective was to determine the value of resorbable barrier membrane to improve the efficacy of the growth factormediated regeneration. Materials and methods A randomized controlled study comprised 14 participants (8 males and 6 females, mean age 37 years, range 19—55 years), in which a total of 15 implants (10 in maxilla and 5 in the mandible) were placed. Fifteen implant sites were randomly divided by picking a code into three groups: Test group I (n = 5) ß-TCP + rhPDGF (0.3 mg/mL) + biomesh, test group II (n = 5) ß-TCP + rhPDGF, and control (n = 5) ß-TCP + biomesh. The experimental site was examined clinically for the gingival status and radiographically for the bone status. Results Statistically significant difference in preoperative and postoperative measurements was observed for test groups I and II in all the parameters except width; in contrast, there was no significant difference observed for the control group from baseline to 5 months postoperatively. On intergroup comparison, statistically significant difference was observed between test group I vs control group and test group II vs control group, but it was not significant between test groups I and II, which was further confirmed using global performance scale score. Conclusion It concluded that rhPDGF-BB and ß-TCP mounted by resorbable biomesh membrane played a synergistic role in the management of peri-implant defects. Clinical significance Bone regenerated using ß-TCP with rhPDGF-BB in the reversal of peri-implant defects. How to cite this article Arora R, Verma UP, Dixit J, Lal N. Synergistic Effects of Growth Factor, Bone Graft, and Resorbable Barrier Membrane in Management of Dehiscence and Fenestration of Dental Implants. World J Dent 2017;8(3):177-182.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Hematological Effects of Solanum melongena (Garden Egg), Solannum lycopersicum (Tomato) and Daucus carrots Subsp. Sativus (Carrot) Extracts against Lead Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Dennis Amaechi ◽  
I. P. Ekpe ◽  
E. D. Edet ◽  
M. C. Madu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background of the Study: Lead effects were assessed by analyzing the impacts of the extract on the liver enzyme concentrations and hematology parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty five male wistar rats weighing 85-110 g were distributed into five groups consisting of seven rats each. Group I served as control group, group II served as the test group, groups III, IV and V served as treatment groups. Lead acetate solution was given to the rats orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight and 200 mg/kg of fruit extracts for 14 days. On day 15, biochemical analysis were carried out. Results: Effects of extracts showed that ALT,AST and ALP concentration in group II was observed to be significantly (p<0.05) higher than the control and treatment groups with values. The hematology results showed that lead did not cause a significant reduction in the packed cell volume, white blood cell and red blood cell counts. However, the group treated with carrot and garden egg showed slight increase in RBC and WBC count when compared with the positive and negative control groups. Conclusion: From the results above, it showed that the fruits extract have hematopoietic potentials and hence aid in the hepatoprotection of the liver of lead induced Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Effect of different irrigation porotocols on root dentine micro-hardness-An invitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Ashish Choudhary ◽  
Sukhbir Kour ◽  
Azhar Malik
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

IIrrigation solutions used and time of use has a definite effect on the micro hardness & other physical properties of dentin which in turn have direct consequence on the longevity functional performance of root canal treated teeth. To evaluate the effect of different irrigation solutions on micro hardness of root dentin.Forty extracted single rooted lower premolars were used. After instrumentation all the root halves were randomly assigned into 4groups (n=10) and brought in contact with one of the following irrigants for 5 minutes. Group I: 10 ml of 5% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl).Group II: 10 ml of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) followed by 10 ml of 5% NaOCl.Group III: 10 ml of 5% NaOCl followed by 10 ml of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX).Group IV: 10 ml of 5% NaOCL followed by flush of 10 ml distilled water then by 10ml of 2% CHX. Dentin micro hardness was measured at baseline and after treatment to determine the change in micro hardness, using Vickers tester.Data was analyzed using following parametric tests t-test, ANOVA test and Post Hoc test. Group II ie final irrigation with EDTA showed the highest percentage decrease in micro hardness values, followed by group III, then group IV and the lowest was group I. All groups showed a significant difference between each other (P &#60; 0.05), except group III and IV. The coronal third showed the highest percentage decrease with significant difference between apical and middle thirds (P &#60; 0.05).EDTA with NaOCl causes greatest changes in dentine micro hardness, an intermediate flush with normal saline should be given for prevention of precipitation with NaOCl & CHX.

scholarly journals Formulation of Gel from Corn Silk Extract (Stigma maydis) and Burns Healing Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Noni Rahayu Putri ◽  
Nessa Nessa ◽  
Yoga Ramadhana
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Corn Silk ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Metal Induction ◽  
Hair Extract

Corn silk (Stigma maydis) contains compounds that play a role in wound healing, such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins. This study aims to formulate a gel from corn hair extract and see its activity in healing burns. The test group was divided into four groups: group I (hot metal induction), group II (without extract ), group III (corn hair extract concentration 5%), and group IV (comparison B®), which metal induction. The parameters observed were % wound healing, epithelialization time, and histopathology. The results of the study on the average% of burns healing rate 7, 14 and 21 days, namely group I (27,92%; 62,42%; 100%), group II (35,39%; 60,16%; 100%), group III (44,05%; 63,69%; 100%) and group IV (32,81%; 66,48%; 100%). The mean time of tissue peeling epithelialization groups I, II, and III was on day 16, and group IV was on day 17. For the histopathological results, the mean score of collagen fibers, fibroblast cells, and epithelialization was respectively group I (2,2; 2,7; 2), group II (2,8; 2,9; 2), group III (3,3; 2,9; 2,7), and Group IV (3,9; 3; 3). The results of the two-way ANOVA statistical test on % burn healing (p> 0.05) and one-way ANOVA at the time of epithelialization (p> 0.05) and the histopathological score (p <0.05) showed that group III (the corn hair extract 5 %) could influence the process of healing burns. Keywords: Burns, Corn Silk Extract (Stigma maydis), % Burn Healing, Epithelialization Time, Histopathology

26 SPERM MOTILITY DECREASING AND SEMEN FERTILITY IN THE BULL EVALUATED BY BIOSPECKLE

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Macedo ◽  
J. B. Barreto Filho ◽  
R. A. Braga Jr ◽  
G. F. Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Group I ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Inertial Moment ◽  
Group Ii

Sperm motility decreasing in a semen sample over time is an indirect approach to assess spermatozoa viability and should be related to the ejaculate fertility. The biospeckle (BSL) is an interacting phenomenon between laser light and biological specimens that allows measurement of sperm kinetic activity by means of an index called the inertial moment (IM). The aim of this work was to evaluate sperm motility diminishing in frozen bovine semen with BSL and analyze semen fertility in relation to the motility decreasing behavior patterns showed by different semen samples. Fertility was assessed by beef heifer conception rates after AI. Semen of 6 mature IA donor bulls (Bos taurus indicus) was previously divided in 2 groups (group I: motility ≥50%; group II: motility <50%), each group comprised 3 animals. Semen was thawed at 37°C for 30 sin a water bath. One aliquot of 10 μL was placed in a warmed slide, covered with a slip, and evaluated by light microscopy and BSL just after thawing. Then, samples were kept at room temperature to induce a decrease in sperm motility. Each sample was illuminated 6 times by laser light at intervals of 2 min (n = 36) and IM values were obtained. The semen samples were used in an AI program of beef heifers (n = 166) under the same nutrition and management conditions. All inseminations were done by the same technician, and donor bulls were used consecutively throughout the breeding season. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by ultrasound images (Falco 100, 6 MHz, Pie Medical, Crawley, UK) 28 days after insemination. The SISVAR software was used in variance analysis and comparison of means by the Tukey test. Group I showed greater (P < 0.05) IM mean value (153.5 ± 27.48) compared with group II (107.94 ± 30.61), which means that this group had higher sperm motility during the time of evaluation. In addition, conception rates (0.63 ± 0.49) for group I were also higher (P < 0.05) compared with group II. Apparently semen fertility is related to the sperm kinetics measured by the IM. Mean IM values (134.0 ± 22.65 and 96 ± 22.34, groups I and II, respectively) obtained in the last illumination for each group did not differ (P > 0.05), but a tendency to differ was observed when a greater number of illuminations was done. Our data suggest that the BSL was capable of identifying spermatozoa surviving between high and low motility groups, and the sperm motility decreasing measured by the IM might be an objective approach to evaluate semen fertilization potential. Financial support: FAPEMIG, grant EDT 94/07, CNPq.

scholarly journals PELATIHAN PLIOMETRIK DEPTH JUMP LEBIH MENINGKATKAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI DARIPADA PELATIHAN PLIOMETRIK BOX JUMP SISWA PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLA VOLI SMK NEGERI 1 PETANG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Prisa Jaya ◽  
Ketut Tirtayasa ◽  
I Made Muliarta ◽  
Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra ◽  
Susy Purnawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Jump Training ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Group I ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACTThe basic techniques of volleyball used to use muscular group in our body, especially the leg’s muscles that is facilitating the springboard movement. Explosive power is the ability of muscles to exert maximum force in a very quick time. Leg muscle explosive power is one of the essential components required in the sport of volleyball particular in the motion of smash, passing and blocking hat needs to be improved by training plyometrics. The training that were conducted during this research are the plyometric depth jump and plyometric box jump training using the principle of progressive load with 3 times frequencies a week within 6 weeks. The aim of this study is to compare the explosive power of training leg muscle. This study use a randomized experimental design with pre test and post test group design for six weeks with 3 times frequencies a week. The sample’s numbers is 32 participants that was divided into two groups. The first group was given training in plyometrics depth jump and the second group was given training plyometrics box jump. The explosive power of leg muscle is measured by using a jump DF which measured before and after training for each groups. The result of this research is shown before training in group I is 42.25 ± 3.92 cm and 51.81 ± 4.41cm after training (p <0.05). While, in group II the mean shows 40.25 ± 5.14 cm before training and 45.25 ± 5.07 cm after training (p <0.05). Training in group I can increase explosive power leg muscle than group II (p <0.05). Based on the result, it is concluded that the plyometric depth jump training is more better than the plyometric box jump training in increasing explosive power leg muscle for the students of volley ball extracurricular at SMK Negeri 1 Petang.Keywords: plyometrics depth jump training and box jump, explosive power leg muscle, sports volleyball.

Bone Metabolism and Peritoneal Membrane Transport in Children on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Ziólkowska ◽  
Malgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska ◽  
Andrzej Debiński ◽  
Andrzej Sawicki ◽  
Maria Roszkowska-Blaim
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Peritoneal Transport ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
Group Ii

Objective The aim of the study was to assess the influence of peritoneal membrane permeability on bone metabolism in dialyzed children. Patients and Methods 24 children with end-stage renal failure and being treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) were studied. The children were divided into two groups based on the results of a standard peritoneal equilibration test: group I, high peritoneal transport [ratio of dialysate glucose concentration at 4 hours to dialysate glucose concentration at 0 hours (D/D0) < 0.26, dialysate-to-serum ratio of creatinine concentration at 4 hours (D/P) > 0.81], 10 children aged 9.9 ± 2.9 years; group II, other peritoneal transport types (D/D0 > 0.26, D/P < 0.81), 14 children aged 11.4± 2.7 years. Serum levels of calcium (sCa), phosphorus (sP), protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and parathormone (PTH) were measured, and bone biopsies were performed in all children. Alfacalcidol and calcium carbonate doses were adjusted to sCa, sP, and PTH levels in all patients. Results No statistically significant differences (NS) between the two groups were found in age, duration of PD, sCa, sP, AP, PTH, protein, or albumin levels. The mean alfacalcidol dose was 0.055 ± 0.057 μg/kg body weight/week in group I and 0.099 ± 0.065 μg/kg/week in group II ( p = NS). In group I, the high peritoneal transport group, significantly lower osteoclast surface (OcS/BS) and bone formation rate (BFR/TV) were found compared with group II (3.1% ± 1.7% vs 4.6% ± 2.0%, and 483.5 ± 329.2 μm3/mm2/day vs 913.9 ± 558.3 μm3/mm2/day, respectively, p < 0.05). We also found significant positive correlation between D/D0 and BFR/TV and OcS/BS ( r = 0.45, p < 0.05). Conclusion Bone turnover in children treated with PD may depend on peritoneal permeability.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN PENGARUH BACK STRENGTHENING EXERCISE DAN PILATES EXERCISE TERHADAP AKURASI TENDANGAN PADA PEMAIN SEPAK BOLA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deasy Virka Sari ◽  
I Putu Gede Adiatmika ◽  
M. Ali Imron ◽  
Ni Wayan Tianing ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Test Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Accuracy Measurement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Kick accuracy is a person's ability to control free movements against a target. Kick accuracy are influenced by core muscles, concentration and dynamic balance. Back strengthening exercise and Pilates exercise was given by the researcher to improve the accuracy of kicking among soccer players. Purpose: The difference effect of back strengthening exercise and Pilates exercise on kick accuracy among soccer players. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test group design. There were 22 subjects divided randomly into 2 groups. Group I with back strengthening exercise and group II Pilates exercise. Exercise was given 3 times a week for 5 weeks. Kick accuracy measurement tool used plywood target measurement. Result: research shows that the intervention that was given to groups I and II could improve kick accuracy in soccer players. The effect test are using paired sample t-test in group I with mean pre and post test, obtained (p=0.004) and in group II obtained (p=0.011). The different test among two groups are using independent sample t test with post treatment data in each group, obtained (p=0.100). Conclusion: There is no difference in the effect between giving back strengthening exercise and Pilates exercise to the accuracy of kick on the soccer player.

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