Diminished Sense of Self-Existence and Self-Reported Aggression among Japanese Students

The present study aims to analyze the relationships between dark triad of personality and aggression in adolescents. Aggression is considered the key factor in the development of criminal behavior, and by deciphering the factors that determine aggression, interventions can be made to prevent and diminish delinquent behavior. In this study, 134 persons between 15 and 28 years old participated, M = 20.48, AS = 2.50, of whom 34 were males and 79 were females. The instruments used to assess the dark personality traits and aggression were The Aggression Questionnaire, BPAQ (α = .89) and Short Dark Triad, SD-3 (α = .79). The results showed that boys have higher levels of physical aggression than girls, while girls have higher levels of anger and hostility than boys. In addition, psychopathy was positively associated with physical aggression, verbal aggression, and anger, Machiavelianism was positively associated with hostility, and narcissism was negatively associated with hostility. Age moderates to some extent the relationship between dark personality traits and physical aggression. Practical implications of these results are disscused.

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Dark triad of personality and aggression in adolescents and young people

10.47040/sd0000075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 102-113

Author(s):

Constantin Gogoriță

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

Delinquent Behavior ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Key Factor ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

The Relationship ◽

Practical Implications

The present study aims to analyze the relationships between dark triad of personality and aggression in adolescents. Aggression is considered the key factor in the development of criminal behavior, and by deciphering the factors that determine aggression, interventions can be made to prevent and diminish delinquent behavior. In this study, 134 persons between 15 and 28 years old participated, M = 20.48, AS = 2.50, of whom 34 were males and 79 were females. The instruments used to assess the dark personality traits and aggression were The Aggression Questionnaire, BPAQ (α = .89) and Short Dark Triad, SD-3 (α = .79). The results showed that boys have higher levels of physical aggression than girls, while girls have higher levels of anger and hostility than boys. In addition, psychopathy was positively associated with physical aggression, verbal aggression, and anger, Machiavelianism was positively associated with hostility, and narcissism was negatively associated with hostility. Age moderates to some extent the relationship between dark personality traits and physical aggression. Practical implications of these results are disscused.

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SOCIAL SUPPORT AND DECLARED AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE

SOCIETY INTEGRATION EDUCATION Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference ◽

10.17770/sie2019vol3.3719 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Anna Lawnik ◽

Brygida Krucińska

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Aggressive Behaviour ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

High Social Support ◽

Social Support Scale ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

Aggressive Attitude ◽

The Relationship

Aggression is a behaviour seeking to defuse anger or displeasure on people or things. It is an offensive, enemy, and aggressive attitude toward someone. The purpose of the study is to analyse the relationship between perceived social support and aggressive behaviour of students of secondary schools. Field (quantitative) research was conducted among students of third and fourth grades of secondary schools.To collect the data the following research tools were used: Aggression Questionnaire by A. Buss and M. Perry (Amity version), Interpersonal Social Support Scale (Scale ISEL College 48 Version), Author’s questionnaire. The study showed statistically significant correlation for belonging to clusters and sex of respondents, their place of residence and membership in organized social groups. High social support affects low aggressiveness of youth in all subscales: (A- anger, PA- physical aggression, VA- verbal aggression, H - hostility)The highest aggressiveness in the form of A- anger, PA- physical aggression and VA - verbal aggression - is characteristic of people with an average level of social support. The highest-H hostility is characteristic of responders with the lowest social support.

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The Loss of Self-Dignity and Anger among Polish Young Adults: The Moderating Role of Religiosity

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel12040284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 284

Author(s):

Wojciech Rodzeń ◽

Małgorzata Maria Kulik ◽

Agnieszka Malinowska ◽

Zdzisław Kroplewski ◽

Małgorzata Szcześniak

Keyword(s):

Protective Factor ◽

Sense Of Self ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Loss Of Self ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

Meaning System ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role ◽

Risk Loss

Does the way we think or feel about ourselves have an impact on our anger-based reactions? Is the direction and strength of this relationship direct, or affected by other factors as well? Given that there is a lack of research on the loss of self-dignity and anger, the first aim of the present study consisted in examining whether or not there is a connection between both variables, with particular emphasis on early adulthood. The second purpose was to explore the moderating role of religiosity on the relationship between loss of self-dignity and anger. Methods: Data were gathered from 462 participants aged 18 to 35. The main methods applied were the Questionnaire of Sense of Self-Dignity, Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Religious Meaning System Questionnaire. The results show a statistically significant positive correlation between loss of self-dignity and anger, a negative correlation between religiosity and anger, and no significant association between the loss of self-dignity and religiosity. However, all other dimensions of the sense of self-dignity correlated positively with religiosity. Our findings also confirm that the level of anger resulting from the loss of self-dignity is significantly lower as the level of religiosity increases. Such outcomes seem to support the conception that religiosity may act as a protective factor between the risk (loss of self-dignity) and the outcome factor (anger).

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Evaluation of Buss-Perry aggression Questionnaire with item response theory (IRT)

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi1202189d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 189-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bojana Dinic ◽

Bojan Janicic

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Item Response ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

The Other ◽

Irt Model ◽

Graded Responses ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Aggression Questionnaire

The aim of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire on Serbian sample, using the IRT model for graded responses. AQ contains four subscales: Physical aggression, Verbal aggression, Hostility and Anger. The sample included 1272 participants, both gender and age ranged from 18 to 68 years, with average age of 31.39 (SD = 12.63) years. Results of IRT analysis suggested that the subscales had greater information in the range of above-average scores, namely in participants with higher level of aggressiveness. The exception was Hostilisty subscale, because it was informative in the wider range of trait. On the other hand, this subscale contains two items which violate assumption of homogenity. Implications for measurement of aggressiveness are discussed.

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School Refusal Behavior and Aggression in Spanish Adolescents

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Gonzálvez ◽

Miriam Martín ◽

María Vicent ◽

Ricardo Sanmartín

Keyword(s):

Physical Aggression ◽

School Attendance ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

School Refusal ◽

School Students ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

School Refusal Behavior ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Tangible Reinforcement

In order to reduce school attendance problems and aggressive behavior, it is essential to determine the relationship between both variables. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to examine the mean differences in scores on aggression, based on school refusal behavior, and (2) to analyze the predictive capacity of high scores on aggression, based on school refusal behavior factors. The sample consisted of 1455 Spanish secondary school students, aged 13–17 (M = 14.85; SD = 1.56). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (I. Avoidance of negative affectivity, II. Escape from aversive social and/or evaluative situations, III. Pursuit of attention from significant others, and IV. Pursuit of tangible reinforcement outside of school) and the Aggression Questionnaire (I. Physical Aggression, II. Verbal Aggression, III. Anger, and IV. Hostility) were used. Results indicated that students having high levels of Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger, and Hostility received significantly higher scores on school refusal behavior. In most cases, school refusal behavior was found to be a positive and statistically significant predictor of aggression. Students that base their school refusal on the pursuit of tangible reinforcements outside of school earned higher scores, and other functional conditions underlying school refusal behavior were found to be associated with aggression issues. The role of aggression as a risk factor for school refusal behavior is discussed.

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Violence inhibition mechanism functioning mediates the relationship between dietary eicosapentaenoic acid intake and physical aggression

10.31234/osf.io/m5xr2 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dean Fido

Keyword(s):

Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Omega 3 ◽

P Deficiency ◽

Cu Traits ◽

Callous Unemotional ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

The Relationship

Deficiency in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is implicated in aggression and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. A violence inhibition mechanism (VIM) has been proposed to regulate aggression through responding to expressions of distress. However, it remains unclear whether EPA intake is related to the VIM, and if so, whether this pathway can mediate relationships between EPA intake and deviant personality traits. The current investigation documents two, independently-sampled studies that tested relationships between EPA intake, personality (aggression, CU traits), and electrophysiological indices of the VIM (motor extinction cued by facial expressions of distress). In study one, 98 participants completed a food-frequency questionnaire, the inventory of callous-unemotional traits, and an aggression questionnaire. EPA intake was negatively correlated with physical aggression, even after controlling for age and sex. In study two, 47 participants completed the same measures in addition to having electroencephalography recorded during a novel paradigm assessing the distinct processing stages of the VIM. Stop-P300 (motor extinction) responses to facial expressions of distress mediated the relationship between EPA intake and physical aggression. For the first time, we have evidenced an association between EPA intake and indices of distress-induced motor extinction proficiency. Findings are in line with a proposed role of EPA in regulating aggression, possibly through associations with networks involved in distress-cued executive control over behaviour. Results are discussed in terms of the potential benefit of nutritional supplementation in clinical and forensic arenas. Data and a pre-print of this manuscript are available here: https://osf.io/u3jdc/?view_only=b7f32cd1798344b5a6dffa2892253392

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Effects of Sex and Sex Roles on Avoidance of Same- and Opposite-Sex Touch

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.107 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 107-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. B. Crawford

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Predictive Models ◽

Sex Roles ◽

Interpersonal Relations ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Same Sex ◽

Men And Women ◽

Touch Avoidance ◽

Opposite Sex ◽

The Relationship

Touch and touch avoidance are important facets of interpersonal relations. Touch avoidance has been related to sex, but the relationship between touch and sex roles has not been widely substantiated. 259 undergraduate students participated in a procedure designed to test the relationship between sex, sex roles, and same-sex and opposite-sex touch avoidance. Significant differences were reported between men and women on same-sex touch avoidance but not on opposite-sex touch avoidance. Participants high on androgyny reported less same-sex and opposite-sex touch avoidance than did subjects low on androgyny. No interactive effect between sex and androgyny was found for either same-sex or opposite-sex touch avoidance. Regression procedures indicated predictive models for sex and androgyny in relation to same-sex and opposite-sex touch avoidance. Specific conclusions regarding the relationships among sex, androgyny, and touch avoidance were stated.

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Aggression in Young Adults — A Matter of Short Sleep and Social Jetlag?

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/16.02.pr0.113x31z7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 113 (3) ◽

pp. 754-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Christoph Randler ◽

Christian Vollmer

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Onset Time ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

Wake Time ◽

Adult Men ◽

Composite Scale ◽

Social Jetlag ◽

Aggression Questionnaire

Evening orientation and sleep duration have been linked with aggression and problematic behaviors, but no study has used an explicit aggression questionnaire. The present study used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire based on physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility, as well as questionnaires on the timing of sleep and sleep duration to assess this relationship in young adult men. The Composite Scale of Morningness was used to assess circadian preference; sleep-wake variables (wake time and sleep onset time on weekdays and on weekend days) were used to calculate midpoint of sleep, social jetlag, and sleep duration. Results indicated that sleep duration correlated negatively with verbal aggression, physical aggression, and anger. Short sleepers were more aggressive. Using multivariate analysis of variance, shorter sleep duration was a significant predictor of verbal aggression and anger. Concerning physical aggression, social jetlag also contributed to the model. Morningness-eveningness was associated with the hostility scale with eveningness related to higher hostility. Men scored higher than women in physical and verbal aggression.

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Sex Differences in Preferences for Coffee Sweetness among Japanese Students

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.105.2.403-404 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 403-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kazuko Yamazawa ◽

Kumi Hirokawa ◽

Hiroyuki Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sex Difference ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Men And Women ◽

Coffee Drinking ◽

Japanese Students ◽

Drinking Habits

The purpose of the present study was to examine sex differences in preferences for coffee sweetness. The participants were 59 Japanese undergraduate students. Men preferred sweeter coffee than women, while both men and women showed almost the same preference for acidic beverage sweetness. The sex difference in preferences for coffee sweetness may be related to coffee-drinking habits.

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