Dark triad of personality and aggression in adolescents and young people

The present study aims to analyze the relationships between dark triad of personality and aggression in adolescents. Aggression is considered the key factor in the development of criminal behavior, and by deciphering the factors that determine aggression, interventions can be made to prevent and diminish delinquent behavior. In this study, 134 persons between 15 and 28 years old participated, M = 20.48, AS = 2.50, of whom 34 were males and 79 were females. The instruments used to assess the dark personality traits and aggression were The Aggression Questionnaire, BPAQ (α = .89) and Short Dark Triad, SD-3 (α = .79). The results showed that boys have higher levels of physical aggression than girls, while girls have higher levels of anger and hostility than boys. In addition, psychopathy was positively associated with physical aggression, verbal aggression, and anger, Machiavelianism was positively associated with hostility, and narcissism was negatively associated with hostility. Age moderates to some extent the relationship between dark personality traits and physical aggression. Practical implications of these results are disscused.

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Diminished Sense of Self-Existence and Self-Reported Aggression among Japanese Students

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2002.90.2.634 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 634-638

Author(s):

Shintaro Yukawa

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Sense Of Self ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Men And Women ◽

Japanese Students ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between a diminished sense of self-existence and self-reported aggression among Japanese undergraduate students. Based on the previous scales, 81 items were developed to measure the diminished sense of self-existence and were assumed to represent three dimensions: self, others, and time. 286 undergraduate students rated themselves on the Diminished Sense of Self-existence Scale and the 1992 Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Analysis indicated that men and women had low scores on Verbal Aggression and high scores on Hostility with the diminished sense of self-existence. The diminished sense of self-existence was not generally related to Anger or Physical Aggression in men, whereas in women, Anger and Physical Aggression were found particularly when the sense of self-existence in relations with others was diminished.

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SOCIAL SUPPORT AND DECLARED AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE

SOCIETY INTEGRATION EDUCATION Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference ◽

10.17770/sie2019vol3.3719 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Anna Lawnik ◽

Brygida Krucińska

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Aggressive Behaviour ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

High Social Support ◽

Social Support Scale ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

Aggressive Attitude ◽

The Relationship

Aggression is a behaviour seeking to defuse anger or displeasure on people or things. It is an offensive, enemy, and aggressive attitude toward someone. The purpose of the study is to analyse the relationship between perceived social support and aggressive behaviour of students of secondary schools. Field (quantitative) research was conducted among students of third and fourth grades of secondary schools.To collect the data the following research tools were used: Aggression Questionnaire by A. Buss and M. Perry (Amity version), Interpersonal Social Support Scale (Scale ISEL College 48 Version), Author’s questionnaire. The study showed statistically significant correlation for belonging to clusters and sex of respondents, their place of residence and membership in organized social groups. High social support affects low aggressiveness of youth in all subscales: (A- anger, PA- physical aggression, VA- verbal aggression, H - hostility)The highest aggressiveness in the form of A- anger, PA- physical aggression and VA - verbal aggression - is characteristic of people with an average level of social support. The highest-H hostility is characteristic of responders with the lowest social support.

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In Search of the Prosocial Personality

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 55-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anja Wertag ◽

Denis Bratko

Keyword(s):

Prosocial Behavior ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Self Report ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

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Evaluation of Buss-Perry aggression Questionnaire with item response theory (IRT)

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi1202189d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 189-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bojana Dinic ◽

Bojan Janicic

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Item Response ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

The Other ◽

Irt Model ◽

Graded Responses ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Aggression Questionnaire

The aim of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire on Serbian sample, using the IRT model for graded responses. AQ contains four subscales: Physical aggression, Verbal aggression, Hostility and Anger. The sample included 1272 participants, both gender and age ranged from 18 to 68 years, with average age of 31.39 (SD = 12.63) years. Results of IRT analysis suggested that the subscales had greater information in the range of above-average scores, namely in participants with higher level of aggressiveness. The exception was Hostilisty subscale, because it was informative in the wider range of trait. On the other hand, this subscale contains two items which violate assumption of homogenity. Implications for measurement of aggressiveness are discussed.

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School Refusal Behavior and Aggression in Spanish Adolescents

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Gonzálvez ◽

Miriam Martín ◽

María Vicent ◽

Ricardo Sanmartín

Keyword(s):

Physical Aggression ◽

School Attendance ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

School Refusal ◽

School Students ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

School Refusal Behavior ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Tangible Reinforcement

In order to reduce school attendance problems and aggressive behavior, it is essential to determine the relationship between both variables. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to examine the mean differences in scores on aggression, based on school refusal behavior, and (2) to analyze the predictive capacity of high scores on aggression, based on school refusal behavior factors. The sample consisted of 1455 Spanish secondary school students, aged 13–17 (M = 14.85; SD = 1.56). The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (I. Avoidance of negative affectivity, II. Escape from aversive social and/or evaluative situations, III. Pursuit of attention from significant others, and IV. Pursuit of tangible reinforcement outside of school) and the Aggression Questionnaire (I. Physical Aggression, II. Verbal Aggression, III. Anger, and IV. Hostility) were used. Results indicated that students having high levels of Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger, and Hostility received significantly higher scores on school refusal behavior. In most cases, school refusal behavior was found to be a positive and statistically significant predictor of aggression. Students that base their school refusal on the pursuit of tangible reinforcements outside of school earned higher scores, and other functional conditions underlying school refusal behavior were found to be associated with aggression issues. The role of aggression as a risk factor for school refusal behavior is discussed.

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Violence inhibition mechanism functioning mediates the relationship between dietary eicosapentaenoic acid intake and physical aggression

10.31234/osf.io/m5xr2 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dean Fido

Keyword(s):

Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Omega 3 ◽

P Deficiency ◽

Cu Traits ◽

Callous Unemotional ◽

Aggression Questionnaire ◽

The Relationship

Deficiency in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is implicated in aggression and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. A violence inhibition mechanism (VIM) has been proposed to regulate aggression through responding to expressions of distress. However, it remains unclear whether EPA intake is related to the VIM, and if so, whether this pathway can mediate relationships between EPA intake and deviant personality traits. The current investigation documents two, independently-sampled studies that tested relationships between EPA intake, personality (aggression, CU traits), and electrophysiological indices of the VIM (motor extinction cued by facial expressions of distress). In study one, 98 participants completed a food-frequency questionnaire, the inventory of callous-unemotional traits, and an aggression questionnaire. EPA intake was negatively correlated with physical aggression, even after controlling for age and sex. In study two, 47 participants completed the same measures in addition to having electroencephalography recorded during a novel paradigm assessing the distinct processing stages of the VIM. Stop-P300 (motor extinction) responses to facial expressions of distress mediated the relationship between EPA intake and physical aggression. For the first time, we have evidenced an association between EPA intake and indices of distress-induced motor extinction proficiency. Findings are in line with a proposed role of EPA in regulating aggression, possibly through associations with networks involved in distress-cued executive control over behaviour. Results are discussed in terms of the potential benefit of nutritional supplementation in clinical and forensic arenas. Data and a pre-print of this manuscript are available here: https://osf.io/u3jdc/?view_only=b7f32cd1798344b5a6dffa2892253392

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Position of aggressiveness in common latent space of PEN model and model Big Five Plus Two

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi1203295d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 295-310

Author(s):

Bojana Dinic ◽

Snezana Smederevac

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Significant Contribution ◽

Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽

Acting Out ◽

Multidimensional Construct ◽

Negative Valence ◽

Latent Space ◽

Aggression Questionnaire

The purpose of this research was to examine the relations between different aspects of aggressiveness and personality traits. Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), which represent psychobiological model, and inventory Big Five Plus Two Inventory (BF+2), which represent psycholexical model of personality in Serbian language, were administered to 478 participants. The results revealed that affective impulsive aggressiveness and predatory or instrumental aggressiveness could be identified in the aggressiveness - personality traits relationships. Those aspects of aggressiveness could take manifest or latent character. As expected, Psychoticism from EPQ, Aggressiveness, and Negative Valence from BF+2 showed a significant contribution to all identified forms, except for Aggressiveness in relations with ?acting out? physical aggression. Although these personality traits carry out significant loadings, these loadings were not always the highest. Affective-impulsive aggressiveness, which was mainly determined by the components of latent domain AQ, was related to Neuroticism from both models. The remaining forms of manifest aggressiveness were related to low Consciousness, whereas Physical aggression is connected to Extraversion and Oppennes. This connection represents possible ?acting out? reaction or more frequent tendency of impulsive physical aggression. The results showed that aggressiveness represents a multidimensional construct which could be explained by specific constellation of personality traits, depending which aspects of aggressivenes are of interest.

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Do as I Say, Not as I Do? Examining Possible Individual-Level Moderators in the Relationship Between Criminal Attitudes and Offending

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/00938548211038995 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009385482110389

Author(s):

Cashen M. Boccio

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

Delinquent Behavior ◽

Self Control ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Individual Level ◽

Criminological Theories ◽

The Relationship ◽

Research Studies

Several criminological theories and numerous research studies suggest that criminal attitudes are related to delinquency and criminal behavior. In contrast, there is also an emerging body of literature that suggests that the behavior of many individuals is not consistent with their attitudes. This study addresses this contradiction in the literature by examining two possible individual-level moderators (i.e., self-control and depressive symptoms) that may explain why some adolescents may be involved in delinquent behavior when they report having attitudes disapproving of delinquency. The findings reveal that attitudes disapproving of delinquency are negatively associated with delinquent involvement; however, many respondents with attitudes of disapproving of delinquency still engaged in delinquent behavior. In addition, the findings suggest that self-control and depressive symptoms may moderate the association between attitudes disapproving of delinquency and delinquent involvement.

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Impact of Personality Traits on Risk Tolerance and Investors' Decision Making

International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics ◽

10.4018/ijabe.2019010101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Misbah Sadiq ◽

Hareem Amna

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Investment Decisions ◽

Risk Tolerance ◽

Primary Data ◽

Individual Investors ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The Relationship ◽

Practical Implications

This article investigates the relationships between personality traits, risk tolerance, and investment decisions and highlights the importance of personality traits in determining risk tolerance levels and investment decisions. Personality traits are classified according to the Big Five taxonomy: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to experience. Primary data was collected from 330 individual investors from Islamabad. Descriptive analysis of the data was run on SPSS, reliability of the constructs was assessed through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), whereas, Structural Equational Modelling (SEM) was used to conduct hypothesis testing through path analysis. As per the results of CFA, the constructs were found to be reliable. Mediation analysis confirmed that risk tolerance partially mediated the relationship between personality traits and investment decisions. This study and results have theoretical and practical implications for the investors, financial planners and managers.

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