scholarly journals Biological Characteristics of “Wartowice” Post-Flotation Tailings Pond (Lower Silesia, Poland)

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Rybak ◽  
Barbara Kołwzan ◽  
Kazimierz Grabas ◽  
Grzegorz Pasternak ◽  
Małgorzata Krawczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Tailings Pond ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Lower Silesia

Abstract “Wartowice” tailings pond was closed in 1989, resulting in 232,4 ha tailings pile requiring reclamation. The major problem is heavy metals presence and poor nutrient conditions and physicochemical structure of soil which disturbs the plants development. In order to assess the real condition of studied area the complete biological characteristic has been done. The physicochemical conditions were assessed altogether with phytosociological, microbiological and toxicological studies of deposits. We recorded only 27 species of vascular plants belonging to 15 families on the tailings pond of which 5 belong to Rosaceae, 4 to Asteraceae and 3 to Poaceae and Saliceae. Species inhabiting the tailings depended on their dispersal capacity, metal tolerance and rhizome strategy. Microbiological analyses revealed the low number of bacteria and fungi on the tailings pond, apart from the small uplift area where the plants were indentified. Bacteria identified on the tailings pond were classified to 8 genera. The low number of bacteria suggests the lack of nutrients which affects the development of soil microflora. Toxicity tests showed that post-flotation sludge is not toxic to microorganisms because of its high pH. Some plants, such as lucerne could even influence positively the microorganisms development what has been proved in our studies. The tailings toxicity was higher towards producers, where Secale cereale appeared to be the most sensitive species. Amendment with topsoil from adjacent areas can influence positively the phytotoxic properties of tailings and enrich them into native seeds.

Methodology in Accelerated Biodegradation of Herbicides

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravva V. Subba-Rao ◽  
Thomas H. Cromartie ◽  
Reed A. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Additional Index

Accelerated biodegradation of herbicides in soils can be demonstrated in the laboratory either by treating soil samples with a herbicide under conditions favorable for microbial growth or by sampling field soils soon after herbicidal treatment. Quantitative measurement of accelerated degradation of thiocarbamates in field soils is complicated by the difficulty both of obtaining a proper untreated soil and of obtaining a representative sample by proper mixing of treated soil. Both bacteria and fungi degrade thiocarbamate herbicides, and examples of either class of organisms can be isolated by suitable selection and enrichment conditions. The enzymes involved in the initial steps of thiocarbamate biodegradation seem labile and have not been characterized. Studies of accelerated biodegradation of pesticides should measure the disappearance of the parent or active herbicide using chemical analyses or bioassays. Measuring accelerated biodegradation by determining metabolites (including CO2) is complicated by potential formation of other products, by incorporation of radioactivity into soil microflora, and by complex kinetics partly due to co-metabolism of the herbicide. Additional index words: EPTC, butylate.

Effects of potassium azide on soil microbial populations and soil enzymatic activities

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Kelley ◽  
R. Rodriguez-Kabana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Potassium Azide ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Microbial Numbers

Preplant applications of potassium azide (KN3) to pine nursery beds were evaluated for effect on the soil microflora and on soil enzyme activity where either plastic-sealing or water-sealing techniques were used. Two weeks after incorporation of azide (0–224 kg/ha), soil samplings revealed reduced populations of bacteria and fungi and a corresponding decline in invertase and amylase activities. These effects were proportionate to the amount of azide used and were more pronounced in plastic-sealed plots. Phosphatase activity was little affected. Five weeks after azide application, bacterial populations were higher in treated plots than in controls. Greater numbers of bacteria were recorded from plastic-sealed plots and highest populations coincided with plots receiving the highest rates of azide, regardless of the sealing technique. Fungal populations at this sampling were generally less in treated plots than in the controls, but were higher under plastic seal. At this time, changes in invertase and amylase activities did not correspond to increased microbial numbers. Sixteen weeks after applications of KN3, bacterial populations in treated plots did not differ significantly from controls, but remained higher in plastic-sealed than water-sealed plots. Fungal populations under plastic seal had changed little and remained significantly lower in treated water-sealed plots than in controls. The earlier recorded reduction in invertase and amylase activities was still evident at the final sampling.

scholarly journals Microbiology Factor Measurement as Indoor Air Quality Parameter in Public Space

BIOEDUKASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Oktofa Setia Pamungkas ◽  
Henny Ayu Nirwala ◽  
Dina Mala Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
The Public ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Factor Measurement ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Indoor Spaces ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Nearly 90% of people spend their time in both private and public indoor spaces. Bank is one of the public indoor spaces accessible to the community, as well as a place for some workers spending time every day. This study was conducted in 6 banking sectors in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, focusing on the existence of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi/mold. The purpose was to investigate the number of microorganisms, both bacteria and fungi, contained in indoor areas of several bank offices in Samarinda. The results showed that the number of bacteria and fungi at several sampling points in 6 offices were above the standard of Permenaker RI No. 5 the year of 2018 and Permenkes RI No. 48 the year of 2016, i.e.,>700 cfu/m3 for bacteria and >1000 cfu/m3 for fungi.

scholarly journals Microbial Contamination in Some Commercial Biscuits in Baghdad City

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-875
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This study has been conducted to know the level of microbial ( bacteria and fungi) contamination in 5 types of biscuits from local markets of Baghdad city. Fifty samples (ten sample for each kind of biscuit) were studed,Two are local,others are Iranian,Turkish,and Holandies. The following results have been achieved :1. The highest number of bacteria was 21.6×103 cell/g in Iranian biscuit while the lowest number was 14.3× 103 cell/g in local biscuit No.1 . The highest number of fungi was 16×103 colony/g and the lowest number was 5.3×103 colony/g in the Iranian and the local biscuit No.1,respectively.2. Staphylococcus aureus was the major bacteria appeared at highest level of 100% in Turkish biscuit. The lowest percentage was found in Hollandian biscuit with 37.28%. Bacillus cereus was the major bacteria with a percentage of 100% in local biscuit No.2 where as the lowest was in local biscuit No,1with a percentage of 20.93%, while it was not existed in Turkish biscuit. Esherichia coli was found in Hollandian biscuit at highest rate of 38.98% , the lowest value was appeared in Iranian biscuit with 28.16% while it was not exited in local biscuit No.1,2 and Turkish biscuit.3. Aspergillus niger appeared at highest level of 66.66% in Hollandian biscuit, while was the lowest 37.73% in local biscuit No.1 and not existed in local biscuit No.2, The highest value of A.flavus was 69.76% in local biscuit No.2 and the lowest value in Hollandian biscuit in percentage 8.33%. It has not appeared in Iranian and Turkish biscuit. The A. terreus appeared at highest rate in Turkish biscuit with 33.33% , the lowest value was in local biscuit No.2 at 11.62% and was not appeared in Hollandian biscuit.The Penicillium spp. Was found at highest rate 25% in Hollandian biscuit , the lowest value of 9.52% was appeared in Turkish biscuit.

scholarly journals Kandungan Total Bakteri dan Total Fungi pada Pellet Limbah Penetasan yang Dibuat dengan Penambahan Bentonit

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Aprilian Adi Nugroho ◽  
Sri Sumarsih ◽  
Bambang Sulistiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAK. Penelitian efek penambahan bentonit dalam proses pelleting terhadap total bakteri dan total fungi dari produk pellet limbah penetasan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif, telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Pakan, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro. Penambahan bentonit pada proses pelleting diharapkan mengurangi total bakteri dan total fungi pada pellet olahan limbah penetasan, sehingga aman digunakan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif. Pada penelitian ini limbah penetasan yang berupa cangkang telur, telur infertile, telur gagal menetas, serta DOC afkir dan mati dihancurkan, dicampur dengan bentonit dan dibuat pellet, untuk kemudian dianalisis kandungan total bakteri dan total fungi pada produk pellet. Perlakuan bentonit dilakukan dengan aras 0, 2, 4 dan 6% (B/B). Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bentonit dari berbagai level berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01). Pemberian bentonit pada tingkat tertinggi (6%) mampu menekan total bakteri dan total fungi pada kisaran 105 cfu/g. Disimpulkan bahwa bentonit mampu menekan kandungan total bakteri dan total fungi pada produk pellet limbah penetasan. (Numbers of total bacteria and total fungi of hatchery waste pellets that made by adding bentonite) ABSTRACT. A Research about the effect of bentonite addition in the pelletizing process on total bacteria and total fungi of pellet product of hatchery waste as an alternative feedstuff, was done at Feed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University. The addition of bentonite was expected to reduce the number of bacteria and fungi in the pellet product of hatchery waste, therefore, it could be used safely as an alternative feedstuff. In this experiment, the hatchery waste in the forms of eggshell, infertile eggs, un-hatched eggs, dead and culled DOC were blended, mixed with bentonite and pelleted,and then the number of total bacteria and total fungi of pellet was analyzed. The treatment was carried out with the level of bentonite i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6% (w/w). Completely randomized design (CRD)was applied by 4 treatments and 5 replications of each. Data analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) to determine differences among the treatments. The results showed that administration of bentonite at various levels significantly affect the number of bacteria and fungi in the hatchery waste pellets (P <0.01). Administration of bentonite at the level of 6% shows the highest value on suppressing the content of total bacteria as well as fungi up to the range of total content 105cfu/g. In conclusion, the bentonite was able to suppress the total amount of bacteria and total fungi in the hatchery waste pellets.

scholarly journals Hygienisation of Surplus Activated Sludge by Hydrodynamic Cavitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Alicja Machnicka ◽  
Klaudiusz Grűbel ◽  
Agnieszka Rusin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Surrounding Liquid

Hygienisation of Surplus Activated Sludge by Hydrodynamic CavitationThe success of an effective process of disintegration is the application of physical or chemical methods of the destruction of the cell wall which consequently becomes fragmented and the intracellular matters are released into the surrounding liquid. The purpose of the conducted experiments was to demonstrate possibilities of application of the hydrodynamic in the bacteriological hygienisation of surplus activated sludge. The confirmation of the effectiveness of the bactericidal activity of hydrodynamic cavitation was the number of bacteria grown on agars before and after hygienisation process. Selective and basic beddings have been used in the research. The bacterial culture has lasted approximately 24 to 48 hours. After the period of incubation the colonies produced have been counted and initially identified. Based on the microbiological analyses a significant reduction in an overall number of bacteria and pathogenic bacteria belonging to the familyEnterobacteriaceaeand to the pathogenic speciesStaphylococcushas been noticed. The overall number of bacteria decrease about 80% after 45 minutes of disintegration of surplus activated sludge. Pathogenic bacteria belonging to the familyEnterobacteriaceae: lactose-positive and lactose-negative decrease about 93% and 92%, respectively. Reducing the number ofSalmonellabacteria was 100% after 45 minutes of disintegration processes. Reduction bacteria of speciesStaphylococcuswere about 93% for mannitolo-positive and 92% for mannitolo-negative.

scholarly journals Changes in Bacterial Soil Biota under Cultivation of Crops Near a Municipal Landfill Site

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2114
Author(s):  
Dariusz Roman Ropek ◽  
Krzysztof Frączek
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Bacteriological Indicator ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The study aimed to evaluate the changes in the quantitative composition of a soil bacterial community near a municipal waste landfill, and attempted to use a bacteriological coefficient to assess the degree of soil degradation. The research was carried out near a landfill site located in southern Poland. Soil samples were collected from plots on which spring wheat, field bean and potato were cultivated. Microbiological analyses included the determination of the total number of bacteria in active and dormant (sporulating) stages. The highest ratio of sporulating bacteria in relation to vegetative bacteria was found in the reclaimed sector of the landfill site. The proposed bacteriological indicator of soil quality (i.e., the ratio of the number of sporulating bacteria to the number of vegetative forms) seems to be a good index for the assessment of soil quality near the landfill site.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF CHESTNUT SOILS IN SOUTH-WEST TRANSBAIKAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Lyubov Batomunkuevna Buyantueva ◽  
Elena Petrovna Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
South West ◽  
Mineralization Processes ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The microbiological researches in chestnut soil of South-West Transbaikalia occurring under peculiar natural-climatic conditions have been studied. Seasonal study of various ecological trophic groups of bacteria (saprophytes, proteolytics, cellulolytics), actinomycetes and fungi in chestnut soil has been carried out which showed a rather broad distribution and fixation of microorganisms through the whole soil profile. These groups (to 106C/g) were mostly observed in the top horizons of soils due to the high content of humus (2,91-4,94%), roots, and also regular condensation of atmospheric moisture. Down the profile the number of bacteria and fungi was generally decreasing by 1-3 orders. Feature of the studied soils was the broad distribution of actinomycetes through the whole soil profile and also increased of their number by1-2 orders in the mineral horizons (3 and 4 sites). The higher density of microorganisms was observed in summer (in its second half) and early autumn periods, which are more favorable because of hydrothermal indicators for vital activities of microorganisms in all researched ecosystems. The number of various ecological trophic groups of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi indirect evidence of their large enough role in mineralization processes.

scholarly journals Differential effects of pesticides on soil microflora in cultivated soil of Indian rice field agro-ecosystems

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyanee Sharma Bhagabati ◽  
Hemen Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Normal Dose ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of indiscriminant use of common pesticides especially insecticide on the population of soil micro flora in cultivated soil of Indian rice field agro-ecosystems. Endosulfan and Dichlorvos @ 1ml/l (normal dose) did not show any adverse effect on soil micro flora; but a high dose 2ml/l showed a negative effect. On the other hand Carbofuran @ 9 kg/acre (normal dose) and 12kg/ acre (high dose) showed an adverse effect on the growth of actinomycetes, bacteria and fungi. The important findings of the present study is that the effect on microbes by applying insecticides reflects the ecological imbalance of microbes in cultivated soil and hamper the microbial equilibrium to some extent. The study focused that the uses of the pesticides as a plant protection agent occasionally hamper the growth of soil micro flora in cultivated rice field.

scholarly journals Indoor Microbiological air Pollution in the Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić ◽  
Predrag Ilić ◽  
Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Microorganisms in the air of occupational indoor environments are associated with a wide range of adverse health effects with major public health impact. The aim of this study was testing the presence of microbiological parameters (bacteria and fungi) and microclimatic parameters (temperature and relative humidity) in the clinical hospital “St. Luke the Apostle” in Doboj, which is located in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Concentrations of bacteria ranged from 35 CFU/m3 to 6,295 CFU/m3. Maximum fungal concentration was 1,135 CFU/m3, while the minimum was 10 CFU/m3. The average levels of bacteria (1,113 CFU/m3) and fungi (186 CFU/m3) indicated that all hospital rooms were generally contaminated. Statistical analysis confirmed direct connection between the number of bacteria, fungi and microclimatic parameters, especially relative humidity.

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