scholarly journals Research on Reclamation and Activation of Moulding Sands Containing Water-Glass Hardened with Microwaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stachowicz ◽  
K. Granat
Keyword(s):  
Water Glass ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Screen Analysis ◽  
Inorganic Binder ◽  
High Silica

Abstract Presented are results of a research on usability of an innovative reclamation process of microwave-hardened moulding sands containing water-glass, combined with activation of binder. After each subsequent stage of reclamation, quality of the reclaimed material was determined on the grounds of measurements of permeability and results of screen analysis. The reclaimed material was next used again to prepare new moulding sand. The sandmix based on high-silica sand prepared with water-glass grade 145, was subject to the following cyclical treatment operations: mixing components, consolidation, microwave hardening, cooling, heating the mould up to 800 °C, cooling to ambient temperature, mechanical reclamation dry and wet. It was found that the used-up and reclaimed sandmix containing water-glass is susceptible to the applied activation process of thermally reacted film of binder and, in addition, it maintains good quality and technological properties of high-silica base. Observations of surfaces of reclaimed high-silica grains with activated film of reacted inorganic binder were carried-out using a scanning microscope. Thanks to properly selected reclamation parameters, the high-silica base can be reused even five times, thus reducing demand for fresh aggregate and inorganic binder.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Wetting of High-Silica Sand on Parameters of Dried Moulding Sands Bonded with Selected Grades of Water-Glass

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-460
Author(s):  
Mateusz Stachowicz ◽  
Kazimierz Granat ◽  
Łukasz Pałyga ◽  
Michał Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Water Glass ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Silica

scholarly journals Prediction of Properties of Microwave- Hardened Sandmixes Containing Water- Glass with Use of Neural Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
M. Stachowicz ◽  
Ł. Pałyga ◽  
K. Granat
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Process Trial

Abstract Presented are results of a research on the possibility of using artificial neural networks for forecasting mechanical and technological parameters of moulding sands containing water-glass, hardened in the innovative microwave heating process. Trial predictions were confronted with experimental results of examining sandmixes prepared on the base of high-silica sand, containing various grades of sodium water-glass and additions of a wetting agent. It was found on the grounds of obtained values of tensile strength and permeability that, with use of artificial neural networks, it is possible complex forecasting mechanical and technological properties of these materials after microwave heating and the obtained data will be used in further research works on application of modern analytic methods for designing production technology of high-quality casting cores and moulds.

Selection of Protective Coatings of Moulds for Castings of High-Manganese Cast Steel in Dependence of the Applied Moulding Sand Kind

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-857
Author(s):  
M. Holtzer ◽  
A. Bobrowski ◽  
D. Drożyński ◽  
J. Mocek
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Casting Surface ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Cast Steels ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract High-manganese cast steels are characterised by a high abrasion resistance under friction conditions with a simultaneous influence of pressure and impacts. This cast steel is especially suitable for castings of excavator’s scoops, track links, streetcars crossovers, parts of crushers and mills for braking up of hard materials [1-4]. In order to obtain high quality castings of high-manganese cast steels in moulds on the high-silica sand matrices it is necessary to apply protective coatings, which prevent a direct contact between metal and matrix (SiO2). Manganese after being poured into a mould can undergo a partial oxidation forming MnO, which reacts with silica. As a result low-melting manganese silicates are formed, which in a form of a tight layer adhere to the casting surface, significantly increasing a labour input related to cleaning. Three kinds of protective coatings were tested: zirconium, corundum and magnesite. As a base moulding sands on high-silica sand matrices with three kinds of resol resins were applied. The quality of the obtained casting surface was assessed in dependence of the protective coating and resin kind and also in dependence of the metallostatic pressure value.

scholarly journals Effect of Sand Wetting on Physically Hardened Moulding Sands Containing a Selected Inorganic Binder. Part 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
M. Stachowicz ◽  
K. Granat ◽  
Ł. Pałyga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract In the paper, an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of preliminary wetting of high-silica base during preparation of moulding sands containing a selected grade of sodium water-glass, designed for hardening by traditional drying or by electromagnetic microwaves at 2.45 GHz. In the research, some water was dosed during stirring the sandmix before adding 1.5 wt% of the binder that was unmodified sodium water-glass grade 137, characterised by high molar module within 3.2 to 3.4. Scope of the examinations included determining the effect of wetting the base on mechanical parameters like compression, bending and tensile strength, as well as on technological parameters like permeability, abrasion resistance and apparent density. The research revealed a significant positive effect of adding water to wet surfaces of high-silica base grains on mechanical properties and quality of moulding sands hardened by physical methods, in particular by microwave heating.

scholarly journals Justification of modernization of groundwater treatment station

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04049
Author(s):  
Zhanna Govorova ◽  
Olga Zubareva ◽  
Vasiliy Semenovykh ◽  
Ekaterina Muraveva ◽  
Olga Yankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Concrete Corrosion ◽  
High Silica ◽  
External Corrosion ◽  
Manganese Compounds ◽  
Iron And Manganese

The main contaminants of groundwater are iron and manganese compounds, increased hardness, which are removed at groundwater conditioning stations. The article reviews the existing station that was built according to a conventional design and uses the method of simplified aeration with the following filtration through high-silica sand. Assessment of the technical condition of the station showed that the elements of the building are limited to work The filters are in poor condition, some of the filters are out of service, there are concrete corrosion, destruction of finishing layers in filters’ building, internal and external corrosion of metallic pipelines and valves, which depend on he quality of transported water. Wear of the technological pipelines is over 80%. Analysis of the efficiency of the station showed that it operates at 50% capacity and at the same time does not provide standards for the hardness of drinking water. Water consumption for the station’s own needs is 1.5 times higher than it was designed. There are no processing and reusing facilities for flushing water. Results of the technical and technological inspection of the station showed that there is a need for immediate modernization of the station including the improvement of the groundwater purification technology and bringing he quality to the standards for drinking water.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Granulometric and Mechanical Properties of Inorganic Used Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-308
Author(s):  
Viktória Dargai ◽  
László Varga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Alloy ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Inorganic Binder ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Different Temperatures

This paper examines the use of a modified inorganic binder in metal-alloy casting. The results of investigations regarding the effect of reusing the used sand multiple times without reclamation. The technological properties of silica sand with inorganic binders were presented, two different temperatures were applied to make the used sands. After lump crushing the inorganic used sand was recycled in order to make a new sand mixture. Our work was focused on the effect of multiple usage of inorganic used sands on the mechanical and granulometric properties prepared with modified inorganic binder.

ВЛИЯНИЕ БИОКОНСЕРВАНТА «СИЛОСТАН» НА КАЧЕСТВО СЕНАЖА ИЗ КОЗЛЯТНИКА ВОСТОЧНОГО И СЫРОПРИГОДНОСТЬ МОЛОКА КОРОВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
A.S. KARAMAEVA ◽  
N.V. SOBOLEVA ◽  
S.V. KARAMAEV
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Ayrshire Breed ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
Dry Substance

От породы коров и ее особенностей зависят эффективность использования кормов, качество и технологические свойства молока. Материалом исследований служили коровы чернопестрой голштинской и айрширской пород. Для повышения качества сенажа из козлятника восточного использовали микробиологический препарат. В готовом корме с биоконсервантом содержание сухого вещества было выше на 3,66, обменной энергии на 8,04, сырого протеина на 10,86, переваримого протеина на 13,59. Улучшение качества корма оказало положительное влияние на метаболические процессы в рубце подопытных коров. Независимо от технологии приготовления сенажа коровы айрширской породы лучше переваривали, по сравнению с голштинами, сухое вещество на 2,062,91 (Р0,05), органическое на 1,212,04 (Р0,05), сырой протеин на 2,222,49 (Р0,05), БЭВ на 0,921,36, но при этом голштины лучше переваривали сырой жир на 2,732,78 (Р0,05) и сырую клетчатку на 1,551,86. В результате внесения в сенаж биоконсерванта Силостан и улучшения переваримости корма у коров опытных групп значительно улучшился химический состав и технологические свойства молока. Очень важно для сыроделия, что в молоке коров, получавших в рационе сенаж с биоконсервантом, повышается массовая доля казеина на 2,42,7, а доля сывороточных белков и фракции казеина, которые не свертываются под действием сычужного фермента, наоборот, снижается на 1,41,5 и на 0,30,9, соответственно. Уменьшается продолжительность свертывания молока сычужным ферментом, снижаются потери сухого вещества с сывороткой, и увеличивается выход казеинового сгустка. Плотность казеинового сгустка повышается в молоке голштинских коров на 14,3, айрширских на 5,7 и составляет, соответственно, 1,92 и 2,96 г/см2.The efficiency of feed use, the quality, as well as technological properties of milk depend on cow breed and its characteristics. Blackandwhite Holstein and Ayrshire breeds were used as the material for research. Microbiological preparation was used to increase the quality of halyage made of Eastern galega. The content of dry substance in the readymade feed was 3.66 higher, the metabolizable energy 8.04 higher, raw protein 10.86 higher, and digestible protein 13.59. Improvement of feed quality positively influenced the metabolic processes in the rumen of experimental cows. Without regard to the technology of halyage preparation, cows of Ayrshire breed showed betterdigestion of dry substance by 2.06 2.91 (P0.05) than Holstein cows, organic substance by 1.21 2.04 (P0.05), raw protein by 2.22 2.49 (P0.05), nitrogenfree extractive fraction by 0.92 1.36, but Holstein breed showed better digestion of raw fat by 2.73 2.78 (P0.05) and raw fiber by 1.55 1.86. Chemical composition and technological properties of milk improved significantly as a result of addition of Silostan biopreservative to the halyage and improvement of feed digestibility in cows from test groups. The fact that the mass percentage of casein is increased by 2.4 2.7, and the share of serum proteins and ycasein fractions which do not coagulate under the influence of enzyme rennet is inversely decreased by 1.4 1.5 and 0.3 0.9, accordingly, is very important for cheese making. The duration of milk coagulation with rennet is decreased, the loss of dry substance with serum is decreased, and the yield of casein coagulate is increased. Density of casein coagulate is increased in the milk of Holstein cows by 14.3, Ayrshire cows by 5.7, and equals to 1.92 and 2.96 g/cm2, accordingly.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Sizerebotif Multimedia Filter Method in Improving the Quality of Dug Well Water to be Clean Water for Communities in Sinjai Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 1224-1227
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Zaenab Zaenab ◽  
Ain Khaer ◽  
Zrimurti Mappau ◽  
Adriyani Adam
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Content ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well

BACKGROUND: Based on the results of laboratory examinations, initial samples taken from one of the clean water sources (dug wells) in Biringere Village, North Sinjai District, results showed that the water sample contained high enough metal ions such as Fe, Mn, hardness, and organic substances which did not meet the requirements as clean water because it still contained levels of Manganese (Mn) 1.68 mg/l. Meanwhile, for organic substances (KMnO4), it is 9876 mg/l. AIM: The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of multimedia filters in improving quality of clean water from the parameters of Mn and KMnO4 in clean water sources (dug wells).. METHODS: The type of research conducted is quasi-experimental by made a filtering processing method with a “Up Flow” flow system, using media consisting of silica sand, zeolite, resin (pine resin), and active carbon in PVC tubes. The population in this study were all dug wells in North Sinjai district. The samples were dug wells located on Biringere Village, North Sinjai District. The samples examined in Center for Environmental Health and disease control of Makassar. RESULTS: The results obtained were that there was a significant change in manganese (Mn) levels of 0.49 mg/l (80.37%). Meanwhile, organic substances (MnO4) amounted to 17.38 mg/l (70.02%). CONCLUSION: Decreasing levels of manganese (Mn) in well water after going through the multimedia filter process above show that the manganese content has met the standard requirements of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017.

scholarly journals Opening Material as the Possibility of Elimination Veining in Foundries

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hrubovčáková ◽  
I. Vasková ◽  
M. Benková ◽  
M. Conev
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Granular Material ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Iron Castings ◽  
Thermal Dilatation

Abstract The main bulk density representation in the molding material is opening material, refractory granular material with a particle size of 0.02 mm. It forms a shell molds and cores, and therefore in addition to activating the surface of the grain is one of the most important features angularity and particle size of grains. These last two features specify the porosity and therefore the permeability of the mixture, and thermal dilatation of tension from braking dilation, the thermal conductivity of the mixture and even largely affect the strength of molds and cores, and thus the surface quality of castings. [1] Today foundries, which use the cast iron for produce of casts, are struggling with surface defects on the casts. One of these defects are veining. They can be eliminated in several ways. Veining are foundry defects, which arise as a result of tensions generated at the interface of the mold and metal. This tension also arises due to abrupt thermal expansion of silica sand and is therefore in the development of veining on the surface of casts deal primarily influences and characteristics of the filler material – opening material in the production of iron castings.

scholarly journals Study of The Acid-Base Effect on Zeolite Activation and Its Characterization as Adsorbent of Methylene Blue Dye

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulius Dala Ngapa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Equilibrium Process

<p>Activation is one of the processes by which are mostly done to improve the quality of natural zeolite. Activation process by zeolite will change the ratio of the Si/Al and can increase the formation of empty cavities so that the capability of zeolite as an adsorbent be optimal. In this research, natural zeolite from the district of Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Activation Ende natural zeolite done chemically using HCl and NaOH solution, with variations concentrate 0,5 M; 1,5 M; and 3,0 M. Next, zeolite which has activated used to adsorb dye methylene blue. Based on the research results, chemically of activation from natural zeolite can increase the adsorption capacity to substance methylene blue. The adsorption capacity in the Ende natural and after activation is 17,289 mg/g and 19,98 mg/g respectively. The Langmuir model most closely matched the isothermal adsorption of equilibrium process.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document