scholarly journals Situative Interdisciplinarity: Empirical Reflections on Ten Years of Cross-Disciplinary Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-34
Author(s):  
Rachel Reckinger ◽  
Christian Wille
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Work Patterns ◽  
Negotiation Processes ◽  
French And English ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Initial Research

Abstract Given the current call for interdisciplinarity, we reflect on pragmatic methodological implementations of collaborative research – by drawing on empirical evidence from two large-scale cross-disciplinary research projects and by theoretically framing them in trilingual contexts (German, French, and English). These are two major innovations compared to the existing body of literature in this domain. Our empirical analysis shows that multi-, inter- or trans-disciplinary collaboration is an oscillating process along a spectrum of cross-disciplinarity – spanning additive, converging and synthesizing work patterns, i.e. multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinarity. Such an umbrella-term avoids the common amalgamation of ‘interdisciplinarity’ as the overarching category (cross-disciplinarity of whatever form) and one of the relevant subcategories (the specific work form that a research team chooses). Concretely, if the majority of methods are developed through communal negotiation processes, then a truly interdisciplinary analysis of research results can only be guaranteed through recursive self-reflexive loops. Initial research questions may still be additive and interactions can oscillate during the project process between addition und tentative convergence. We label this process situative interdisciplinarity. Multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity are thus subsumed as a processual entity: flexible, possibly hybrid subforms of cross-disciplinarity. It needs constant reactivation, framing, timing and mediation by project managers. The major challenge lies in the collaborative transfer of concepts, theories, methods and research subjects. This transfer requires translation, explication and transposition of the various disciplinary ‘languages’ and can only be converged in an open-minded, team-oriented and reflexive work environment.

A review of current ophthalmic anaesthetic practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Laura McRae ◽  
Andrew Presland
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Anaesthetic Practice ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Sharp Needle

Abstract Intro Ophthalmic surgery ranks among the commonest procedures performed worldwide. This review considers the range of anaesthetic techniques available to the modern ophthalmic anaesthetist, and practical considerations to evaluate in different circumstances. There is a brief summary of the main issues pertaining to the common ophthalmic subspecialties and operations. Sources of data Pubmed. Areas of agreement We present a view of contemporary ophthalmic anaesthetic practice as we see it, both from current UK clinical experience, and the available published evidence. Areas of controversy There is an ongoing debate about the safety of sharp needle blocks (SNBs) compared to subtenons and topical techniques, but SNBs still have a role to play, both in specific cases, and in circumstances where resources are limited. Growing points It remains a challenge to provide safe, cost effective anaesthesia to a growing patient base with ever increasing demands and medical comorbidities. There is a continuing trend towards replacing general with local anaesthesia where possible. Research Research in ophthalmic anaesthesia, as in so many areas, has been plagued by heterogeneity and small studies. A coordinated, large scale, multicentred approach to research questions in future would help to guide best practice with more certainty.

Negotiating Data: Reflections on the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Negotiation Processes

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Negotiations ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Negotiation Processes ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractThis article examines the relative advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and qualitative research methods for the analysis of the process and outcome of international negotiations. It does this by tracing the author's personal evolution as a researcher in the field, indicating how shifting paradigms and changing research questions have created a need for diverse methodologies, each tailored to the specific questions under investigation. It is concluded that large-scale systematic analyses of international negotiations can best be carried out by large interdisciplinary research teams. This will require negotiation scholars to negotiate with one another to develop collaborative research strategies and measurement instruments. If we are to be successful in large-scale, systematic studies of international negotiations, we must emulate our colleagues in fields such as the natural sciences where large teams with substantial resources collaborate over extended periods of time to produce meaningful findings.

Student Perceptions of Community: A Different Perspective

NASPA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Clark ◽  
Joan Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research University ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Public Research University ◽  
The Common ◽  
Using Data

The creation of small communities has been proposed as a way of enhancing the educational experience of students at large institutions. Using data from a survey of students living in large and small residences at a public research university, this study does not support the common assumption that small-scale social environments are more conducive to positive community life than large-scale social environments.

scholarly journals A High-Content Screening Assay for Small Molecules That Stabilize Mutant Triose Phosphate Isomerase (TPI) as Treatments for TPI Deficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 247255522110181
Author(s):  
Andreas Vogt ◽  
Samantha L. Eicher ◽  
Tracey D. Myers ◽  
Stacy L. Hrizo ◽  
Laura L. Vollmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Triose Phosphate Isomerase ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Triose Phosphate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Triose phosphate isomerase deficiency (TPI Df) is an untreatable, childhood-onset glycolytic enzymopathy. Patients typically present with frequent infections, anemia, and muscle weakness that quickly progresses with severe neuromusclar dysfunction requiring aided mobility and often respiratory support. Life expectancy after diagnosis is typically ~5 years. There are several described pathogenic mutations that encode functional proteins; however, these proteins, which include the protein resulting from the “common” TPIE105D mutation, are unstable due to active degradation by protein quality control (PQC) pathways. Previous work has shown that elevating mutant TPI levels by genetic or pharmacological intervention can ameliorate symptoms of TPI Df in fruit flies. To identify compounds that increase levels of mutant TPI, we have developed a human embryonic kidney (HEK) stable knock-in model expressing the common TPI Df protein fused with green fluorescent protein (HEK TPIE105D-GFP). To directly address the need for lead TPI Df therapeutics, these cells were developed into an optical drug discovery platform that was implemented for high-throughput screening (HTS) and validated in 3-day variability tests, meeting HTS standards. We initially used this assay to screen the 446-member National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Collection and validated two of the hits in dose–response, by limited structure–activity relationship studies with a small number of analogs, and in an orthogonal, non-optical assay in patient fibroblasts. The data form the basis for a large-scale phenotypic screening effort to discover compounds that stabilize TPI as treatments for this devastating childhood disease.

scholarly journals A NOTE ON PHASING LONG GENOMIC REGIONS USING LOCAL HAPLOTYPE PREDICTIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELEAZAR ESKIN ◽  
RODED SHARAN ◽  
ERAN HALPERIN
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Criterion ◽  
The Common ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
High Computational Cost ◽  
Combining Information

The common approaches for haplotype inference from genotype data are targeted toward phasing short genomic regions. Longer regions are often tackled in a heuristic manner, due to the high computational cost. Here, we describe a novel approach for phasing genotypes over long regions, which is based on combining information from local predictions on short, overlapping regions. The phasing is done in a way, which maximizes a natural maximum likelihood criterion. Among other things, this criterion takes into account the physical length between neighboring single nucleotide polymorphisms. The approach is very efficient and is applied to several large scale datasets and is shown to be successful in two recent benchmarking studies (Zaitlen et al., in press; Marchini et al., in preparation). Our method is publicly available via a webserver at .

Barriers and levers for implementing sustainable Nature-Based Solutions in cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Duffaut ◽  
Nathalie Frascaria-Lacoste ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Versini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Plan ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
The City

<p>Hydro-meteorological risks are increasing and this could be due to global changes. These risks are particularly important in the urban context where most human beings live. Indeed, the impervious surfaces present in cities increase the risk of flooding, for example. Nature-Based Solutions can help to reduce these risks by creating permeable soils or storing water while promoting biodiversity. In this context, it is essential to understand what hinders the development and sustainability of these Nature-based Solutions in the city and what could help to deploy them on a large scale. For this purpose, various professionals working on Nature-Based Solutions in the city in France, were interviewed between 2020 and 2021, both in the academic and operational sectors, or even at the interface between the two: researchers in ecology or hydrology, IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) project manager, project managers at the Regional Biodiversity Agency, director and natural environment manager of a watershed union, agro-economists engineer among others. They were asked what are the barriers and potential opportunities for Nature-Based Solutions implementation and sustainability in city. By analysing their answers, it emerges that the obstacles are more often cultural, political or financial than technical. The potential levers often mentioned are education and awareness-raising at all levels, especially for elected officials and the general public. Regulations such as the PLU (Local Urban Plan) and new funding for more natural spaces in the city also seem to be means of promoting Nature-based Solutions in urban areas. These interviews with diverse professionals directly involved in Nature-Based Solutions in cities allow to give real courses of action to be taken to democratize these Solutions throughout the French territory, or even internationally, and therefore ultimately reduce the risks of hydro-meteorology. This is one of the objectives of the French ANR project EVNATURB (Assessment of ecosystem performance of a renaturation of the urban environment), in which this study has been carried out.</p>

Teaching geography of Azerbaijan in the content of geography subject in secondary schools of general education

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Aytaj Vazeh Tagiyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
General Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Teaching Unit ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Map Analysis ◽  
11Th Grade

Summary In the modern period of reforms in the education system of our country, large-scale changes are reflected in the teaching of geography, including the teaching of geography in Azerbaijan. Thus, in the country's secondary schools, Azerbaijani geography is taught in all classes on the basis of the principle of succession in geography. Geography of Azerbaijan plays an important role in the teaching of geography in secondary schools. Out of 57 subjects taught in the 10th grade, 16 subjects are taught entirely in Azerbaijani geography. In the 11th grade, 7 out of 44 topics are discussed in their entirety, the geography of Azerbaijan. In addition, the information on the geography of Azerbaijan is reflected in the structure of the problem situation, asking research questions, systematization of information, creative application of the lesson, assessment stages. Key words: education, training, geography of Azerbaijan, map, analysis, assessment, teaching unit, subject, text, illustration, assignment

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN PSBB DENGAN GANGGUAN DEPRESI PADA LANSIA DI PANTI WREDA HANA CIPUTAT JAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Anggun Tsabitah Rachmah ◽  
Noer Saelan Tadjudin
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Pemerintah Indonesia selama pandemi COVID-19 menerapkan PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar) dimana PSBB tersebut membuat aktivitas masyarakat dibatasi, dampaknya juga bisa dirasakan pada lansia di Panti Wreda sehingga dapat menyebabkan timbulnya gangguan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB dengan gangguan depresi pada lansia di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observational dengan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta terhadap lansia sejumlah 56 subjek penelitian yang terdiri dari perempuan 48 orang dan laki-laki 8 orang. Dari 56 subjek penelitian jumlah laki-laki 8 (14,3%) dan perempuan 48 (85,7%). Sebelum terjadinya pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB, subjek penelitian yang tidak depresi sejumlah 49 subjek (87,5 %), kemungkinan besar depresi 6 subjek (10,7%), dan yang mengalami depresi 1 subjek (1,8%). Selama pandemi COVID19 dan PSBB, subjek penelitian yang tidak depresi 38 subjek (67,9%), kemungkinan besar depresi 14 subjek (25%), dan yang mengalami depresi 4 subjek (7,1%). Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-square nilai p= 0,000. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan pandemi COVID-19 dan PSBB dengan gangguan depresi pada lansia di Panti Wreda Hana Ciputat Jakarta. The Government of Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic implemented PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) where the PSBB made community activities restricted, the impact can also be felt on the elderly in nursing home so that it can cause depressive disorders. This research was done in order to determine the relationship of the COVID-19 pandemic and PSBB with depressive disorders in the elderly at the Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta. This study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional study design. The research was conducted at the Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta for 56 elderly subjects. In the nursing home consist of 48 women and 8 men. In 56 research subjects, there were 8 (14,3%) men and 48 (85,7%) women. Before the Pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB, there were 49 (87,5%) research subjects who were not depressed, 6 (10,7%) research subjects who were most likely depressed, and 1 (1,8%) research subject who were depressed. During the Pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB, there were 38 (67,9%) research subjects who were not depressed, 14 (25%) research subjects who were most likely depressed, and 4 (7,1%) research subjects who were depressed. Based on Chi-Square test result, the value of P = 0,000. In conclusion, there is a correlation between the pandemic of COVID-19 and PSBB with depression disorder in the elderly at Ciputat Hana Nursing Home in Jakarta.

scholarly journals The Development of Nervous Problem Based Modulewith Character Conservation for Nervous System Materials in the Senior High School

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-304
Author(s):  
Reefa Qudsiya ◽  
Lisdiana Lisdiana ◽  
Nugrahaningsih WH
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Valid Test ◽  
Readability Test ◽  
Positive Results

Nervous system teaching materials available in schools do not contain scientific-related content as mandated by the 2013 curriculum. In addition, teaching materials also do not contain student character reinforcement content. The purpose of this study is to develop “Nervous Problem Based Module with a  Conservation Character” as a nervous system learning supplement. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using ten steps, namely identification of potential and problems, data collection, product design, product design validation, product design revisions, small scale trials, product revision I, large scale trials, product revision II, and final products. The research subjects were students of class XI of SMA N 1 Bae Kudus. Nervous Problem Based Module with a  Conservation Character  tested the feasibility, readability, and effectiveness. Feasibility tests obtained very valid results. Readability test results were very valid. Test effectiveness by applying  Nervous Problem Based Module with a  Conservation Character in learning, obtained effective results and can be used in learning. The insertion of the conservation character reinforcement in the module gives positive results on the character of students. It can be concluded that “Nervous Problem Based Module with a Conservation Character” is decent and effectively applied in the nervous system learning.

scholarly journals Breaking Boundaries: Pressing Issues in Equity, Computing, and Problem-Solving in STEM Undergraduate Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
Anna Bargagliotti ◽  
Dorothea Herreiner ◽  
Jefrey A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Education Conference

The April 2017 National Science Foundation-funded Breaking the Boundaries in STEM Education conference brought together Southern California science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) faculty to explore equity, problem-solving, and computing in an interdisciplinary manner. Two main research questions guided the overall scope of the conference: (1) What are the common threads across disciplines to approach the teaching and learning of skills that are relevant in STEM? (2) What are the challenges and barriers that need to be overcome in order to foster collaboration across disciplines to impact the teaching and learning of skills relevant in STEM? We describe the background of the conference and provide an overview of the questions addressed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document