scholarly journals The Productivity Elements, Chemical Composition and Energetical Value (Caloric) of Some Maize Hybrids in Ialomita County Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Maria Toader ◽  
Emil Georgescu ◽  
Alina Maria Ionescu ◽  
Paula Ionela Năstase
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study and to analyze the chemical composition and energetical value (caloric) of 8 maize hybrids (Fundulea 376, Olt, Bărăgan, P0216, PR35T36, PR35P12, Feria and Rapsodia) tested under field conditions in a farm from, Rovine village, Ialomita County, under non-irrigated conditions, on 2016-2017. For all hybrids the same cultivation technology was applied. Sowing was carried out between April 20-27, for both years, with a density of 50,000 germinable grains/ha and in September were harvested. The analysis of the productivity elements showed that: the average length of cobs was between 20 to 23 cm; number of rows/cobs ranged from 14 to 18; the number of grains/cobs oscillated between 704 grains/cobs at Baragan hybrid, up to 890 grains/cobs at PR35T36; the Thousand Grain Weight (TGW) recorded values of over 300 grams for tree hybrids PR35T36, P0216, PR35P12; the density of plants at harvesting, main factor for yields grains, oscilated from 42,650 plants/ha in 2016 for Olt hybrid to 49.000 plants/ha at P0216 hybrid in 2017; the grains yields was of 8.4 t/ha at Baragan hybrid and 13.9 t/ha at PR35T36 hybrid. Regarding quality indicators of yields resulted: the hectolitre mass averaged 72.7 kg/hl with variation limits of 70.3 kg/hl and 76.8 kg/hl and the moisture varied between 11.90% and 14.50%. Chemical composition is followed: 10.70-12.70% proteins; 3.7-4.3% lipids; 70.00 - 70.70% glucids. Based on these results , it has been calculated the energy values (caloric). This oscillated between 369.3 kcal./100 grams of Rapsody hybrid and 388.38 kcal. of P0216 hybrid. It can be noticed that the year 2017 was a very favorable year for maize crops in the analyzed area, which led to better results for all the productivity elements, grains yields and chemical compozition for all 8 tested hybrids. Also, we can observed the higher energy value on 2017 by comparison with 2016.

scholarly journals Examination of the impact of sowing technology models on the ear, constiuent and yield parameters of the yield formation elements of maize hybrids of different genotypes

2013 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Enikő Bene
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Group

Production year 2012 has been characterised by climatic extremities. The weather of this year can be considered very contradictory in terms of maize production. The droughty conditions of the winter and spring months had a negative effect on both germination and starting vigour. The favourable weather of May-July created ideal conditions for intensive growth and generative processes; however the lack of precipitation in August and September had a damaging effect on the development of yield composing elements and grain saturation processes as well. Under such circumstances, the sowing date models caused significant differences in the yield and quality of the hybrids belonging to different growth periods. The growing period of the maize hybrids has been shortened as a result of the unfavourable climatic conditions. Based on the trial results, it is verifiable that short growing period hybrids can be securely sown in draughty years even with a later sowing date, however using a later sowing date in the case of longer growth period hybrids may result even in a yield loss of 2–3 t ha-1. In the case of early and average sowing dates, with given yearly conditions the hybrids of the observed FAO 370-390 hybrid group provided the best result (12.40 t ha-1, 10.99 t ha-1), while in the case of the third, late sowing date the yield dominance of the FAO 290-350 hybrid group is the most significant (10.08 t ha-1). The analysis of the yield composing elements found that the P9578 hybrid has the highest shelling ratio, while its cob is the shortest. The P9494 hybrid has a high yield and the highest thousand grain weight, while the DKC 4983 has the longest cob and its thousand grain weight is above 300 g. The results confirm the fact that DKC 4590 has the highest yield potential and starch content, while in terms of oil and protein content the Szegedi 386 and NK Octet hybrids are the most important.

scholarly journals The usage of niche seeds flour in cupcake production technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Nataliia Sova ◽  
Kristina Khudaiberdiieva ◽  
Nataliia Kovalenko ◽  
Ilona Mykhnenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Energy Value

Flour confectionery products occupy an important place in the diet of the population of our country, and the world and are in great demand. A significant disadvantage of this group of products is the low content of vital essential substances, such as vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, etc., and the high content of carbohydrates and lipids. Demand for these products necessitates the need to adjust the chemical composition of these foods. One of the most famous representatives of flour confectionery is cupcakes. In the recipes of cupcakes, the largest share occupies such types of refined raw materials like wheat flour, granulated sugar, fats, which cause an imbalance in their chemical composition, low nutritional value, and high caloric content. As biologically active additives of plant origin, flour from the seeds of various niche crops (flax, hemp, sesame, amaranth, etc.) can be added to the cupcake recipe. After all, this type of raw material is valuable for its composition (the content of proteins, fats, essential amino acids, and fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, etc.) and health properties. The recipe for cupcakes enriched with flour from the seeds of niche crops has been developed. The prototype for the study was chosen recipe for the cake “Stolychnyi”. Hemp, flax, pumpkin, and sesame flour were chosen as raw materials. Organoleptic, physicochemical quality indicators, nutritional, and energy value of finished products are determined. Based on the results of the organoleptic evaluation of cupcake samples, determination of their physicochemical quality indicators, comparison with the production sample, we recommended the introduction of a cupcake enriched with low-fat hemp flour. The protein content in this sample was 8.85 g/100 g, fat – 17.83 g/100 g, carbohydrates – 51.8 g/100 g, energy value – 396.85 kCal / 100 g of product. Due to the functional properties of hemp flour, the resulting product can be attributed to health products.

scholarly journals Research on a Rice Counting Algorithm Based on an Improved MCNN and a Density Map

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Ao Feng ◽  
Hongxiang Li ◽  
Zixi Liu ◽  
Yuanjiang Luo ◽  
Haibo Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Weight ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Density Map ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Adhesion Condition

The thousand grain weight is an index of size, fullness and quality in crop seed detection and is an important basis for field yield prediction. To detect the thousand grain weight of rice requires the accurate counting of rice. We collected a total of 5670 images of three different types of rice seeds with different qualities to construct a model. Considering the different shapes of different types of rice, this study used an adaptive Gaussian kernel to convolve with the rice coordinate function to obtain a more accurate density map, which was used as an important basis for determining the results of subsequent experiments. A Multi-Column Convolutional Neural Network was used to extract the features of different sizes of rice, and the features were fused by the fusion network to learn the mapping relationship from the original map features to the density map features. An advanced prior step was added to the original algorithm to estimate the density level of the image, which weakened the effect of the rice adhesion condition on the counting results. Extensive comparison experiments show that the proposed method is more accurate than the original MCNN algorithm.

IMPACT OF INNOVATIVE METHOD OF PREPARING TOBACCO LEAVES FOR DRYING ON THE BASIC PARAMETERS OF QUALITY OF TOBACCO RAW MATERIAL

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Е. Ульянченко
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Basic Parameters

Исследовано влияние приема прорезания средней жилки на основные качественные показатели табачного сырья. Исследования проводили на листьях основных сортотипов табака Трапезонд и Остролист по массовым ломкам. Прорезание жилки осуществляли на инновационном оборудовании экспериментальном образце линии подготовки листьев табака к сушке ЛПТС360 (ВНИИТТИ, Краснодар). Качество табачного сырья с прорезанной жилкой определяли по товарным сортам, технологическим и курительным свойствам, химическому составу по методикам лабораторного контроля ВНИИТТИ. Инновационный способ подготовки табака к сушке в едином потоке с применением технологического оборудования, включающего прорезатель, выявил положительный технологический результат. Установлена эффективность приема прорезания средней жилки: срок естественной сушки листьев с прорезанной жилкой сократился в 2,5 раза выход 1го товарного сорта сырья составил 74,60 87,93 выход волокна сырья с прорезанной жилкой превышает минимальное значение технологических норм (75) в 1,15 1,26 раз условный расход сырья на единицу курительных изделий меньше норматива на 6 25 улучшен основной показатель химического состава табачного сырья (число Шмука) в 1,6 4,6 раза у сортотипа Трапезонд, в 1,2 1,5 раза у сортотипа Остролист дегустационные свойства сырья не ухудшились. Инновационный способ подготовки листьев табака к сушке, включающий прием прорезания средней жилки, рекомендуется для применения в производстве табачного сырья. The influence of middle vein cutting method on the main quality indicators of tobacco raw materials is studied. Studies were carried out on the leaves of the main varieties of tobacco Trapezond and Ostrolist, on mass breakdowns. Vein cutting was carried out on the innovative equipment of the line of preparation of tobacco leaves for drying LPTS360 (GNU VNIITTI RAA, Krasnodar). The quality of tobacco raw materials with a cut vein was determined by commercial grades, technological and Smoking properties, chemical composition in accordance with the methods VNIITTI. An innovative method of preparing tobacco for drying in a single stream with the use of technological equipment, including a cutter, revealed a positive technological result. The period of natural drying of leaves with cut veins decreased by 2,5 times. The yield of the 1st commercial grade of raw materials was 74,60 87,93. The output of the fiber raw material with cut vein exceeds the minimum value of technological norms (75) in 1,15 1,26 times. Conditional consumption of raw materials per unit of Smoking products is less than the norm by 6 25. The method of cutting the middle vein of the leaves improves the main indicator in the chemical composition of tobacco raw materials (Schmuck ratio) 1,6 4,6 times in the variety Trapezond and 1,2 1,5 times in the variety Ostrolist. The tasting properties of raw materials have not deteriorated. Analysis of raw material quality indicators showed that the innovative method of cutting the middle vein is effective and recommended for use in the production of tobacco raw materials.

scholarly journals Nursing care time and quality indicators for adult intensive care: correlation analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Carlos Garcia ◽  
Fernanda Maria Togeiro Fugulin
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Descriptive Study

The objective of this quantitative, correlational and descriptive study was to analyze the time the nursing staff spends to assist patients in Adult Intensive Care Units, as well as to verify its correlation with quality care indicators. The average length of time spent on care and the quality care indicators were identified by consulting management instruments the nursing head of the Unit employs. The average hours of nursing care delivered to patients remained stable, but lower than official Brazilian agencies' indications. The correlation between time of nursing care and the incidence of accidental extubation indicator indicated that it decreases with increasing nursing care delivered by nurses. The results of this investigation showed the influence of nursing care time, provided by nurses, in the outcome of care delivery.

scholarly journals Expected genetic advance for thousand grain weight and grain number per spike of bread wheat and durum wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Gordana Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Vesna Kandic ◽  
Jovan Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike

The research was aimed at examining variability, variance components, broadsense heritability (h2), expected genetic advance of thousand grain weight (TGW) and grain number per spike (GNS) of 15 genotypes of bread wheat and 15 genotypes of durum wheat. Field trials were carried out during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at the three sites: Rimski Sancevi, Zemun Polje and Padinska Skela. Results of this investigation showed that the genetic component of variance (?2 g) was predominant for TGW of bread and durum wheat and for GNS of bread wheat. The genotype ? environment interaction (?2 ge) component of phenotypic variance was 8.72 times higher than ?2 g for GNS of durum wheat and pointed to the greater instability of durum wheat genotypes. h2 was very high (>90%) for TGW and GNS of bread wheat, high for TGW of durum wheat - 87.3% and low for GNS of durum wheat - 39.5%. Considering the high values obtained for h2 - 96.4% and the highest value for expected genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) - 19.3% for TGW of bread wheat, the success of selection for desired values of this yield component can be anticipated. The success of selection cannot be predicted for GNS of durum wheat due to low values obtained for h2 and GAM of 39.5% and 2.8%, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic correlations and path-coefficient analysis of yield and quality components in wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veselinka Zecevic ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Danica Micanovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Bread Making

The genetic and phenotypic correlations between yield components (productive tillering, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, grain weight per plant, harvest index, thousand grain weight) and quality components (grain protein content and sedimentation value) were investigated. The plant material was comprised of 50 genotypes of winter wheat grown during two years. Path- coefficient analysis of genetic correlation coefficients for grain mass/plant and other traits determined interrelationships among grain mass per plant and other yield and bread making quality components. The strongest positive genetic correlation was found between grain weight per spike and thousand grain weight and between spike length and number of spikelets per spike. Phenotypic correlation analysis indicated that grain weight per spike correlated positively and significantly with harvest index and thousand kernel weight. The strongest direct effect on grain weight per plant had harvest index and number of spikelets per spike. The spike length through number of spikelets per spike had the strongest indirect effect on grain weight per plant.

scholarly journals Effects of the Harvest Stage of Maize Hybrids on the Chemical Composition of Plant Fractions: An Analysis of the Different Types of Silage

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Egon Henrique Horst ◽  
Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior ◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Secundino López
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Early Harvest

The chemical composition of plant components of three maize hybrids harvested at the beginning of six reproductive stages of maturity was compared. The hybrids evaluated included Maximus VIP3, Defender VIP and Feroz VIP, which were evaluated at each of following stages: R1 (grain formation), R2 (milky grain), R3 (pasty grain), R4 (floury grain), R5 (hard grain) and R6 (ripe grain). The advancement in maturation was linearly related to the crude protein (CP) content of the stem, whole plant, and leaves, and there was a difference among the hybrids. Between R4 and R5 stages, Maximus and Defender presented the highest CP contents for husk (6.58 and 5.42% for Maximus; 5.54 and 5.17% for Defender). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the leaves showed a quadratic relationship with the advancement of maturation but did not differ among the hybrids. For all the hybrids, the NDF content in the husk and cobs increased linearly during the reproductive stages (>77 and 78%, respectively, for the three hybrids in R6). Defender had the lowest NDF content of the cob in R3. The acid detergent lignin contents did not differ among stages in the stems, and showed a linear decrease throughout the whole plant, though the contents did not differ among the hybrids. Due to the differences observed, recommendations for harvest based on the maturity stage for each hybrid should be taken into consideration. There seems to be no important distinction among hybrids for harvesting and use of straw. Despite the reduction in grain yield, an early harvest for earlage or snaplage can provide lower lignin content in husk and cob, as well as higher protein content in the husk, favoring the nutritional value of the vegetative fraction (husk and/or cob).

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