scholarly journals Impacts of Automatic and Parallel Driving Systems on the Productivity of Machine-Tractor Units in the Northern Region of the Republic of Kazachstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Yurij Vladimirovich Polishchuk ◽  
Vladimir Leonidovich Astafyev ◽  
Alexey Ivanovich Derepaskin ◽  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Kostyuchenkov ◽  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Laptev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Precision farming systems are being intensively introduced into the agricultural production of the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to developers and dealers, precision farming can reduce the cost of fertilizers, seeds, PPA, fuel and lubricants by 20% on average. At the same time, the efficiency possibilities resulting from the utilization of precision farming systems under certain conditions have not been fully studied. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of parallel and automatic driving systems on the technical, operational and economic indicators of units for sowing, chemical processing, harvesting, and autumn deep tillage using comparative tests in the northern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For these purposes, comparative tests were conducted for a seeder for sowing wheat; self-propelled sprayer for chemical weeding of wheat and flax; combine harvester for harvesting wheat; and unit for deep, subsurface tillage in Northern Kazakhstan. The comparative tests determined the impacts of GPS navigation systems, automatic and parallel control systems, and seeding control systems on agricultural, energy, operational, technological and economic performance of units.

scholarly journals The use of automatic and parallel driving systems in agricultural production of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the efficiency of their use

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Yuriy Polischuk ◽  
Nikolay Laptev ◽  
Artem Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Gps Navigation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Indices

Abstract. Precision farming systems are being intensively introduced into the agricultural production of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the data of development firms and dealerships centers, precision farming allows the cost of fertilizing, seeds, plant protection products and fuels and lubricants to be reduced by an average of 20 %. In doing so, the possibilities of obtaining efficiency from the use of precision farming systems under certain conditions of their use have not been fully studied. The aim of the work was to determine the impact of parallel and automatic driving systems on the technical and operational as well as economic indices during comparative tests in the North Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Research methods. During process of conducting comparative tests, the test conditions, agrotechnical, energy, operational and technological as well as economic indices of aggregates equipped with parallel and automatic driving systems and without systems were determined. All indices were determined in accordance with the requirements of current state standards. Results. In the article are presented the results of comparative tests of a self-moving sprayer on chemical weeding of wheat and flax crops, as well as a combine harvester for wheat harvesting in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The use of GPS navigation and automatic control on the chemical weeding of grain and oilseeds crops contributes to an increase in productivity by 14.6 %, reduction in specific energy consumption by 8 %, fuel consumption by 17.0 %, and working fluid consumption by 14.5 %. In doing so, the total cost of money is reduced by 9 %, the annual savings of the total cost of money is 6562.6 thousand tenge (1093.7 thousand rubles). Using a parallel driving system (GPS-navigation with a course indicator) for harvesting wheat leads to an increase productivity by 2.1 %, reduction of total cost of money by 3 %, labor costs and specific fuel consumption by 1.4 %, while the annual savings of total cost of money is 233.4 thousand tenge (38.9 thousand rubles). The scientific novelty. In the conditions of the Northern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the influence of parallel and automatic driving systems on the technical, operational and economic performance of machine-tractor units was studied for the first time.

scholarly journals The spatial adaptation of farming systems to the heterogeneity of plots

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Igor Yu. Savin
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Current Stage

The full exploitation of the resource potential of arable lands was analyzed in the research. The problem of completeness of the use in different farming systems was considered. It was found that at the current stage of development of farming systems, the diversity of soils and lands and, accordingly, their resource potential were most successfully incorporated in adaptive-landscape farming systems and precision farming systems. Undoubtedly, the cost of precision farming systems will decrease in the future due to the cheapening of technical means. But without introducing scientific and methodological justification for accounting of diversity of soils and land plots (as in adaptive-landscape farming systems) and heterogeneity of crops into precision farming systems, increasing the completeness of land resource potential cannot be achieved. Another important direction to improve the full use of the land resource potential is the development of a new scientific direction - Econics, and the development of technologies for leveling the heterogeneity of fields. But these directions are at the very beginning of their development.

Enhancement in productivity and income sustainability through Integrated farming system approaches for small and marginal farmers of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJEEV KUMAR ◽  
SHIVANI . ◽  
S. K. SAMAL ◽  
S. K. DWIVEDI ◽  
MANIBHUSHAN .
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Net Income ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
The Cost

Integration of different components viz. livestock, fishery, horticulture, mushroom etc. along with field crops not only enhanced productivity but by-products (waste) of one component act as input for another component through resource recycling within the system. Six integrated farming systems models with suitable combinations of Crop, vegetables, fruit trees, fish, livestock, mushroom etc. were made and evaluated at the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during 2012-16 for harness maximum income, nutrient recycling and employment. Among six combinations, crop + fish + duck + goat resulted as most profitable combination in terms of productivity (RGEY- 22.2t), net income (Rs. 2,15,900/ha), additional employment (170 days/year) with income sustainability index (ISI) by 90.2. Upon nutrient recycling prepared from different wastes from the system Crop + fish + duck + goat combination added N (56.5 kg), P (39.6 kg) and K (42.7 kg) into the soil and reduced the cost of cultivation by 24 percent and was followed by crop + fish + goat combination. Crops grown under IFS mode with different types of manures produced 31 percent higher yield over conventional rice- wheat system. The contribution of crops towards the system productivity ranged from 36.4 to 56.2 %, while fish ranged from 22.0-33.5 %; for goat 25.4-32.9 %; for poultry 38.7 %; for duck 22.0-29.0 %; for cattle 32.2% and for mushroom 10.3 %.

Assessment of the state of the heat economy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
V. R. Darbasov ◽  
◽  
M. Р. Solomonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
The State ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The North ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Heat Energy Market

The article assesses the state of the heat economy of the Northern region. The purpose of the article is to reveal the reasons for chronic backwardness of the region's industry from the average Russian indicators. To achieve the goal, solved the following problems: the features of heat economy in the North, analyzes the housing development, production and consumption of heat energy, as the sources of heat energy and heat networks, and also reforms in the heat economy of the region, based on which conclusions on assessment of the heat economy of the region. In recent years, there has been a twofold decrease in the rate of renewal of fixed assets of the heat economy against the norm, low rates of introduction of the resource-saving technologies in the heat economy, and in general, in the housing and communal services of the region. The level of marginal balance of supply and demand in the heat energy market is determined. The article is written to correct the decisions of the Federal and regional Executive authorities in terms of ensuring the reliability of heat economy of the Northern region.

Investigating the Relationship between Company Competitiveness and Environmental Regulation in European Food Processing: Results of a Matched Firm Comparison

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1585-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M W N Hitchens ◽  
J E Birnie ◽  
A McGowan ◽  
U Triebswetter ◽  
A Cottica
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Regulation Costs

The authors use a method of matched-plant comparisons between food processing firms in Germany, Italy, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland to investigate the relationship between environmental regulation and company competitiveness across the European Union. Comparative competitiveness was indicated by measures of value-added per employee, physical productivity, export share, and employment growth. The cost of water supply (public or well), effluent treatment (in-plant treatment and/or sewerage system), and disposal of sludge and packaging were also compared. Total environmental costs in Germany, Italy, and Ireland were small: usually less than 1% of turnover. Compared with the Irish firms, German companies had relatively high environmental costs as well as productivity levels. There was, however, a lack of a clear relationship between company competitiveness and the size of regulation costs: in Ireland and Italy environmental costs were similar but German firms had much higher productivity; compared with German counterparts, Italian firms had lower environmental costs but higher productivity.

Design of the Automatic Guided Vehicle Control System Applied to Automotive Logistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Guo Song Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Circuit Performance ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Automatic Guided Vehicle ◽  
Distribution Logistics ◽  
Auto Parts ◽  
The Cost

In order to improve the efficiency of auto parts distribution logistics, to lower the cost of auto production in transportation logistics, and to reduce accidents, in this paper it is designed that an automatic guided vehicle control system to replace the manned tractors in the distribution sites. The system is equipped with an infrared homing device that can ensure the automated guided vehicle (AGV) along a predetermined route automatic driving at a given distribution information, without the needs to manually guided. Test results show that the circuit performance of AGV control system is stable to ensure the accuracy of the tracking in the practical application, and the mean absolute error of the tracking is less than 0.04m.

The use of natural conditions of the high alpine province of Dagestan for reproduction of prospective varieties and hybrids of potato

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
В.К. Сердеров ◽  
Д.В. Сердерова
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Caspian Lowland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mountain Province

Большое значение в увеличении продуктивности картофеля имеет внедрение в производство перспективных высокоурожайных сортов и гибридов, приспособленных к местным природно-климатическим условиям возделывания, от чего зависят эффективность отрасли и себестоимость продукции. Цель работы – изучить влияние климатических условий на продуктивность и качественные показатели сортов и гибридов картофеля, а также использование ими благоприятных почвенно-климатических условий высокогорья Республики Дагестан, для размножения и внедрения в производство новых перспективных, высокоурожайных, приспособленных к условиям среды выращивания сортов картофеля с комплексом хозяйственно-ценных признаков. Объектом изучения послужили сорта картофеля раннего, среднераннего и среднего сроков созревания российской, белорусской и иностранной селекции. Полевые опыты закладывали в 2014–2017 годах на высоте 2000–2200 м, на землях горного опорного пункта «Курахский» Курахского района и на равнинной провинции (Прикаспийской низменности) на территории дачного массива «Наука» Махачкалинского района Республики Дагестан. Схема посадки – 70×30 см, повторность – четырехкратная. Технология выращивания картофеля – гребневая. При проведении полевых опытов использовали общепринятые методики. Практически все сорта картофеля, выращенные на равнинной провинции, сформировали высокий урожай в первый год и при дальнейшем размножении в результате развития вирусных болезней резко снизили свои продуктивные качества. Наиболее высокая урожайность в среднем за три года отмечена у сортов Жуковский ранний (20,8 т/га), Импала (20,5 т/га), Невский (17,8 т/га), Предгорный (16,9 т/га) и Удача (16,3 т/га). В свою очередь, горная провинция Дагестана характеризовалась благоприятными почвенно-климатическими условиями для возделывания как продовольственного картофеля, так и для организации первичного семеноводства на безвирусной основе и размножения перспективных сортов этой культуры. В среднем за годы исследований в горной провинции по урожайности выделились сорта Сильвана (37,4 т/га), Удача (37,6 т/га), Рокко (33,3 т/га), Импала (31,7 т/га), Жуковский ранний (29,0 т/га), Предгорный (27,7 т/га) и Примобелла (27,7 т/га), а также гибриды № 12.40/17 (43,1 т/га) и № 13.61/61 (38,8 т/га). The introduction of promising high-yielding varieties and hybrids adapted to the local natural and climatic conditions of cultivation is of great importance in increasing the productivity of potatoes, which determines the efficiency of the industry and the cost of production. The aim of the work is to study the influence of climatic conditions on the productivity and quality indicators of potato varieties and hybrids, as well as their use of favorable soil and climatic conditions in the highlands of the Republic of Dagestan, for breeding and introducing into production new promising, high-yielding, adapted to the growing environment of potato varieties with a complex of economically valuable characteristics. The object of the study was potato varieties of early, mid-early and medium maturation periods of Russian, Belarusian and foreign selection. Field experiments were conducted in 2014–2017 at an altitude of 2000–2200 m, on the lands of the mountain stronghold Kurakhsky of the Kukhar district and on the plain province (the Caspian lowland) on the territory of the suburban area Nauka of the Makhachkala district of the Republic of Dagestan. The landing scheme is 70×30 cm, the repeatability is four times. The technology of growing potatoes is combed. When conducting field experiments, generally accepted methods were used. Almost all potato varieties grown in the lowland province formed a high yield in the first year and, with further propagation, as a result of the development of viral diseases, sharply reduced their productive qualities. The highest yield on average for three years was observed in the varieties Zhukovskiy ranniy (20.8 t/ha), Impala (20.5 t/ha), Nevsky (17.8 t/ha), Predgornyy (16.9 t/ha) and Udacha (16.3 t/ha). In turn, the mountain province of Dagestan was characterized by favorable soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of both food potatoes, and for the organization of primary seed production on a virus-free basis and the reproduction of promising varieties of this crop. On average, over the years of research in the mountain province, the varieties Silvana (37.4 t/ha), Udacha (37.6 t/ha), Rocco (33.3 t/ha), Impala (31.7 t/ha), Zhukovskiy ranniy (29.0 t/ha), Predgornyy (27.7 t/ha) and Primobella (27.7 t/ha), as well as hybrids No.12.40/17 (43.1 t/ha) and No.13.61/61 (38.8 t/ha) were distinguished by yield.

PP048 Quality Of Health Care Through Integration: Experience Of Cochlear Implantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Lyazzat Kosherbayeva ◽  
Aigul Medeulova ◽  
Abdulla Alzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

INTRODUCTION:The State Program for Health Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) “Densaulyk” for 2016–2019 initiated the modernization of primary health care with the introduction of family practice in order to ensure the availability, completeness and quality of health services on the basis of an integrated healthcare system focused on the needs of the population. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the cochlear implantation (CI) programs.METHODS:A literature search was conducted for all clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, and reviews in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Center for Reviews and Dissemination databases. Two reviewers independently evaluated all publications for selection. The analysis included the cost-effectiveness and benefit from the CI program.RESULTS:We analyzed the effectiveness of the services for CI in the RK and other countries (1). In our analysis, we identified that there is no research on Quality-adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA) in RK. We found that, in general, the cost of CI and pre-surgical procedures are comparable with other countries. The length of stay in Kazakhstan was much higher (an average of 8 days) compared with other countries (3 days). Also in RK, there were significantly lower prices per hospital day and cost of various consultations. Postoperative costs of other countries consisted of one-third to two-thirds of the total costs for preoperative and implantation stages (2, 3). There was a little information on the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in RK.CONCLUSIONS:Economic research like QALYs and CUA are new directions in the healthcare system in the RK. Lack of integration between primary care, rehabilitation and other services leads to difficulties in assessing the effectiveness of CI programs (for example, in our case, there was the restriction of assessment in only postoperative costs).

scholarly journals Financial sustainability of home care in the health system of the Republic of Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Konstantinovic ◽  
Vesna Lazarevic ◽  
Valentina Milovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Lapcevic ◽  
Vladan Konstantinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Home Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Centre ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Therapy Team

Introduction. Over the last several years, during the economic crisis, the Ministry of Health and the Republican Health Insurance Fund (RHIF) have been faced with new challenges in the sphere of healthcare services financing both in the primary as well as other types of health insurance in the Republic of Serbia (RS). Objective. Analysis of cost?effectiveness of two models of organization of home treatment and healthcare in the primary insurance, with evaluation of the cost sustainability of a single visit by the in?home therapy team. Methods. Economic evaluation of the cost of home treatment and healthcare provision in 2011 was performed. In statistical analysis, the methods of descriptive statistics were employed. The structure of fixed costs of home healthcare was developed according to the RS official norms, as well as fixed costs of providing services of home therapy by the Healthcare Centre "New Belgrade". The statement of account for provided home therapy services was made utilizing the RHIF price list. Results. The results showed that the cost of home healthcare and therapy of the heterogeneous population of patients in the Healthcare Centre "New Belgrade" was more cost?effective in relation to the cost of providing home therapy services according to the RS official norms. Conclusion. Approved costs utilized when making a contract for services of home therapy and healthcare with the RHIF are not financially sustainable. It was shown that the price of 10 EUR for each home visit by the in?home therapy team enables sustainability of this form of providing healthcare services in RS.

scholarly journals Analysis of methods for assessing the drilling tool performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Denis Simisinov ◽  
Konstantin Porozhkiy ◽  
Olga Pozdnyakova ◽  
Ivan Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Correct Choice ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Drilling Speed ◽  
Drilling Tool ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
One Machine

The analysis of methods for assessing the drilling tool performance using various methods was performed. The applicability of the methods was assessed. Methods based on periodic comparative tests were examined in detail. The technical level and operational efficiency of the drilling tool is determined by the resource (tool driftage), drilling speed, durability, power supplied to the bottom of the well. The correct choice of a drilling tool is ultimately determined by economic assessments. The specific drilling costs are proposed to be determined taking into account the cost of one machine hour, the sharpening of crowns and the average mechanical drilling speed.

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