The spatial adaptation of farming systems to the heterogeneity of plots

The full exploitation of the resource potential of arable lands was analyzed in the research. The problem of completeness of the use in different farming systems was considered. It was found that at the current stage of development of farming systems, the diversity of soils and lands and, accordingly, their resource potential were most successfully incorporated in adaptive-landscape farming systems and precision farming systems. Undoubtedly, the cost of precision farming systems will decrease in the future due to the cheapening of technical means. But without introducing scientific and methodological justification for accounting of diversity of soils and land plots (as in adaptive-landscape farming systems) and heterogeneity of crops into precision farming systems, increasing the completeness of land resource potential cannot be achieved. Another important direction to improve the full use of the land resource potential is the development of a new scientific direction - Econics, and the development of technologies for leveling the heterogeneity of fields. But these directions are at the very beginning of their development.

Download Full-text

The problem of improving the efficiency of specialized aviation and space-rocket communication systems in the context of increasing flows of speech messages

Informacionno-technologicheskij vestnik ◽

10.21499/2409-1650-2020-26-4-27-33 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

В.С. Бабин

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Voice Communication ◽

Time Frequency ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Space Rocket ◽

Personal Qualities ◽

Cost Of Time ◽

The Cost ◽

Speech Information ◽

Current Stage

Современный этап развития авиационных и ракетно-космических систем специальной связи характеризуется увеличением объемов речевых информационных сообщений. Речь придает эмоциональный окрас общению, а также позволяет выражать личные качества говорящего, чего гораздо сложнее добиться путем обмена видеозаписями или изображениями. Данные аспекты подтверждают, что, во-первых, растет спрос на голосовую связь, а, во-вторых, возникает проблема повышения эффективности ССС. Возможным направлением решения таковой проблемы целесообразно считать минимизацию затрат частотно-временных ресурсов, в основе которой лежит совершенствование методов обработки данных. he current stage of development of aviation and rocket and space special communication systems is characterized by an increase in the volume of speech information messages. Speech gives an emotional color to communication, and also allows you to Express the personal qualities of the speaker, it is much more difficult to achieve by exchanging videos or images. These aspects confirm that, firstly, the demand for voice communication is growing, and, secondly, there is a problem of improving the efficiency of the CCC. It is advisable to consider minimizing the cost of time-frequency resources, which is based on improving data processing methods, as a possible way to solve this problem.

Download Full-text

Impacts of Automatic and Parallel Driving Systems on the Productivity of Machine-Tractor Units in the Northern Region of the Republic of Kazachstan

Acta Technologica Agriculturae ◽

10.2478/ata-2021-0024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 143-149

Author(s):

Yurij Vladimirovich Polishchuk ◽

Vladimir Leonidovich Astafyev ◽

Alexey Ivanovich Derepaskin ◽

Nikolay Vladimirovich Kostyuchenkov ◽

Nikolay Vladimirovich Laptev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Systems ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Precision Farming ◽

Northern Region ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Comparative Tests ◽

Automatic Driving ◽

Combine Harvester ◽

The Republic ◽

The Cost

Abstract Precision farming systems are being intensively introduced into the agricultural production of the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to developers and dealers, precision farming can reduce the cost of fertilizers, seeds, PPA, fuel and lubricants by 20% on average. At the same time, the efficiency possibilities resulting from the utilization of precision farming systems under certain conditions have not been fully studied. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of parallel and automatic driving systems on the technical, operational and economic indicators of units for sowing, chemical processing, harvesting, and autumn deep tillage using comparative tests in the northern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For these purposes, comparative tests were conducted for a seeder for sowing wheat; self-propelled sprayer for chemical weeding of wheat and flax; combine harvester for harvesting wheat; and unit for deep, subsurface tillage in Northern Kazakhstan. The comparative tests determined the impacts of GPS navigation systems, automatic and parallel control systems, and seeding control systems on agricultural, energy, operational, technological and economic performance of units.

Download Full-text

PERTANIAN PRESISI DALAM BUDIDAYA LADA The Precision Farming on Pepper Cultivation

Perspektif ◽

10.21082/psp.v18n2.2019.91-103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Joko Pitono

Keyword(s):

Market Competition ◽

Economic Value ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Precision Farming ◽

Simple Approach ◽

Capacity Strengthening ◽

Accuracy Level ◽

The Future ◽

Agricultural Innovations ◽

On Farm

Nilai ekonomi lada pada subsektor perkebunan cukup penting dan perlu penguatan daya saingnya untuk menghadapi semakin tajamnya kompetisi pasar ke depan. Peningkatan efisiensi dan presisi dalam penanganan budidaya di lapangan menjadi salah satu penentunya. Peningkatan efisiensi tersebut memungkinkan dilakukan melalui pendekatan pertanian presisi. Konsep dasar pertanian presisi adalah penggunaan input seakurat mungkin sesuai kebutuhan tanaman, sehingga diperoleh keuntungan berupa penghematan dalam pembiayaan input, tenaga kerja, dan hasil panen yang lebih baik. Penerapan pertanian presisi memungkinkan diterapkan mulai dari pendekatan sederhana hingga tingkat yang lebih komplek, tentunya akan diikuti oleh konsekuensi perbedaan keakurasian dan besaran investasi instrumen teknologi yang digunakannya. Pada review ini diulas tentang relevansi antara penerapan pertanian presisi dengan karakteristik budidaya lada yang tergolong padat input, serta pendekatan sederhana yang memungkinkan dilakukan petani untuk memperbaiki presisi dan efisiensi usahatani ladanya. Selain itu, diuraikan juga tentang perkembangan hasil penelitian dan teknologi saat ini yang berpeluang dimanfaatkan untuk perbaikan budidaya lada ke depan. Dan strategi untuk percepatan penerapan inovasi pertanian presisi pada budidaya lada tersebut diantaranya dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan kapasitas SDM dan kelembagaan, penguatan mekanisasi dan digitalisasi di tataran on-farm dan off-farm, serta pemberian insentif atas penerapannya. ABSTRACT The economic value of pepper in the estate subsector is important and its competitiveness should be strengthened to challenge the increasingly sharp market competition in the future. Increasing efficiency and precision in the on-farm level is one of the important factors to face the challenge. The cultivation efficiency can be improved through a precision farming approach. The basic concept of precision farming is the use of inputs accurately according to plants need to obtain benefits both by saving cost of inputs and labor, and getting better yields. The precision farming can be applied from a simple approach to a more complex level. This determines the accuracy level and the investments related to the instruments used in the technology. This paper reviews the relevance of precision farming application and the characteristics of pepper cultivation that is classified as input-intensive, as well as a simple approach that allows farmers to improve the precision and efficiency of their farming systems. In addition, it also elaborates the development of current research and technology which are potential to improve pepper cultivation in the future. The strategies for accelerating the application of precision agricultural innovations in pepper cultivation could be performed through increasing human resource and institutional capacity, strengthening mechanization, digitalization at the on- and off-farm levels, and providing incentives for the farmers as a reward for their implementation.

Download Full-text

ASSESSMENT OF LAND RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND SOLID WASTE RECYCLING METHODS

NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan ◽

10.32014/2021.2518-170x.63 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 447 (3) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

N.А. Kaliyeva ◽

А.D. Akbassova ◽

Ali Ozler Mehmet ◽

G.A. Sainova

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Land Resource ◽

Resource Potential ◽

Msw Composition ◽

The Cost ◽

Solid Waste Recycling ◽

Solid Waste Landfills ◽

Direct Use

This paper analyzes the environmental load exerted by the solid waste landfills of Turkistan and Kentau cities and the villages of the Sauran district of the Turkistan region. The data of morphological analysis of MSW composition stored in the territories of these landfills are presented. This paper aims to present the possibility of reducing the amount of some waste types deposited at landfills on the basis of their direct use as secondary raw materials for various purposes. The possibility of using solid waste components in greenhouses and other facilities construction has been shown by recycling plastic and glass bottles, as well as other industrial waste. On the basis of experimental data, it was concluded that with widespread introduction of waste recycling, by saving materials, it will make it possible to reduce the cost of economic facilities construction and to minimize the harmful impact of waste on environment.

Download Full-text

The Belt and Road Initiative and Sino-Russian economic cooperation: Is there one more chance for us?

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2019-12-47-71 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 47-71

Author(s):

Petr M. Mozias

Keyword(s):

Regional Integration ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Belt And Road Initiative ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Belt And Road ◽

Flexible Framework ◽

The One ◽

International Transactions ◽

The Belt And Road ◽

Current Stage

China’s Belt and Road Initiative could be treated ambiguously. On the one hand, it is intended to transform the newly acquired economic potential of that country into its higher status in the world. China invites a lot of nations to build up gigantic transit corridors by joint efforts, and doing so it applies productively its capital and technologies. International transactions in RMB are also being expanded. But, on the other hand, the Belt and Road Initiative is also a necessity for China to cope with some evident problems of its current stage of development, such as industrial overcapacity, overdependence on imports of raw materials from a narrow circle of countries, and a subordinate status in global value chains. For Russia participation in the Belt and Road Initiative may be fruitful, since the very character of that project provides us with a space to manoeuvre. By now, Russian exports to China consist primarily of fuels and other commodities. More active industrial policy is needed to correct this situation . A flexible framework of the Belt and Road Initiative is more suitable for this objective to be achieved, rather than traditional forms of regional integration, such as a free trade zone.

Download Full-text

Role of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.23888/pavlovj2020283399-405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 399-405

Author(s):

Fabrizio Fontana ◽

Olga A. Babenko

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Diagnosis And Therapy ◽

The Future ◽

Important Direction ◽

Potential Biomarkers

Aim of this letter is to attract the attention of journal readers to the study of exosomes as an important direction in the development of Oncology, in particular, in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Exosomes are produced by tumor cells and regulate proliferation, metastasis, and the development of chemoresistance. Their extraction from biological fluids allows further use of these vesicles as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer. In the future, exosomes can be successfully used in the delivery of drugs and other anti-tumor substances to cancer cells.

Download Full-text

Enhancement in productivity and income sustainability through Integrated farming system approaches for small and marginal farmers of Eastern India

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v4i2.7777 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SANJEEV KUMAR ◽

SHIVANI . ◽

S. K. SAMAL ◽

S. K. DWIVEDI ◽

MANIBHUSHAN .

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Recycling ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Farming System ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Net Income ◽

System Productivity ◽

Integrated Farming ◽

Systems Models ◽

The Cost

Integration of different components viz. livestock, fishery, horticulture, mushroom etc. along with field crops not only enhanced productivity but by-products (waste) of one component act as input for another component through resource recycling within the system. Six integrated farming systems models with suitable combinations of Crop, vegetables, fruit trees, fish, livestock, mushroom etc. were made and evaluated at the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during 2012-16 for harness maximum income, nutrient recycling and employment. Among six combinations, crop + fish + duck + goat resulted as most profitable combination in terms of productivity (RGEY- 22.2t), net income (Rs. 2,15,900/ha), additional employment (170 days/year) with income sustainability index (ISI) by 90.2. Upon nutrient recycling prepared from different wastes from the system Crop + fish + duck + goat combination added N (56.5 kg), P (39.6 kg) and K (42.7 kg) into the soil and reduced the cost of cultivation by 24 percent and was followed by crop + fish + goat combination. Crops grown under IFS mode with different types of manures produced 31 percent higher yield over conventional rice- wheat system. The contribution of crops towards the system productivity ranged from 36.4 to 56.2 %, while fish ranged from 22.0-33.5 %; for goat 25.4-32.9 %; for poultry 38.7 %; for duck 22.0-29.0 %; for cattle 32.2% and for mushroom 10.3 %.

Download Full-text

Digital literacy as a prerequisite for transforming the modern Russian education system

Public Administration ◽

10.22394/2070-8378-2020-22-5-62-66 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 62-66

Author(s):

NATALIA S. EPIFANOVA ◽

◽

MIKHAIL G. POLOZKOV ◽

Keyword(s):

Educational System ◽

Education System ◽

Digital Literacy ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Digital Economy ◽

Educational Process ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Main Factors ◽

Russian Education ◽

Current Stage

The article studies the necessity and features of transformation of the educational system under conditions of accelerated development in the digital economy. Particular attention in the context of this transformation is given to significance and possibilities of digital literacy, which forms the whole complex of fundamentally new requirements for all participants in the education system. The authors argue that the current stage of development of the digital economy requires the education system not only to digitalize its individual elements and links, but to apply a fundamentally new integrated approach that would transform the education system while taking into account new goals, structure and content of the educational process. The authors define digital literacy as the ability to form and apply educational content through digital technologies. The article gives particular emphasis on the significance and potential of individualizing the educational trajectory and the concept of continuing education. The authors consider the main factors in the development and achievement of the level of digital literacy, considering the requirements that the digital economy is currently imposing on the educational system.

Download Full-text

The Mitigation of the French Nuclear Option: New Industrial Realism and Technical Democracy

Energy & Environment ◽

10.1260/0958305021501209 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 263-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dominique Finon

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Electricity Markets ◽

Social Preferences ◽

Public Inquiry ◽

The Future ◽

Parliamentary Committee ◽

Set Up ◽

The Stability ◽

The Cost ◽

Phase Out

Nuclear phase-out policies and the European obligation to liberalise electricity markets could put the French nuclear option dramatically at risk by influencing social preferences or by constraining power producers' investment choices in the future. So far, the particular institutional set-up which has allowed the efficient build-up and operation of several series of standardised reactors preserves the stability of the main elements of the option. However, important adaptations to the evolving industrial and political environment occur and contribute to changing the option. Some institutional changes (such as local public inquiry, creation of a Parliamentary committee, independence of safety authorities) and divergence between industrial interests already allow debates on internal options such as reprocessing, type of waste management deposits, ordering of an advanced PWR. These changes improve the cost transparency, even if internalisation of nuclear externalities (cost of insurance, provisions for waste management) is still incomplete. However, when effective, this internalisation would not affect definitively the competitive position of the nuclear production because of the parallel internalisation of CO2 externalities from fossil fuel power generation in the official rationale. Consequently the real issue for the future of the nuclear option in France remains the preservation of social acceptability in the perception of nuclear risks.

Download Full-text