scholarly journals Antioxidant Supplementation with N-Acetylcysteine as a Protection Against Cisplatin-Induced Motor Impairment in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Igor Kumburovic ◽  
Nemanja Jovicic ◽  
Stefan Velickovic ◽  
Aleksandra Arnaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate a potential beneficial influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of cisplatin-induced motor impairment. We included 32 male Wistar albino rats, divided into 4 equal groups: control (received saline on the 1st and 5th day), cisplatin – CIS (received saline on the 1st and cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg i.p. on the 5th day), NAC (received NAC on the 1st and 5th day, 500 mg/kg i.p.), and CIS+NAC (received NAC on the 1st and 5th day, 500 mg/kg i.p. and cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg i.p. on the 5th day) group. Motor performance was estimated by rotarod, grip wire, open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM) and beam-walking (BW) tests on the 10th day. Cisplatin administration resulted in decreased motor performance in all tests, except for BW test, compared to the control group. NAC supplementation on its own had no significant effect on motor performance parameters. However, simultaneous administration of NAC along with cisplatin reversed negative impact of cisplatin in rotarod, OF and EPM tests, with no significant effect on the results obtained in grip wire test. The results of this study confirmed numerous motoric manifestations of cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in rats. However, the decline in most of the estimated parameters was successfully prevented by antioxidant supplementation with NAC.

scholarly journals N-Acetylcysteine Protects against the Anxiogenic Response to Cisplatin in Rats

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Igor Kumburovic ◽  
Jovana Joksimovic Jovic ◽  
Nemanja Jovicic ◽  
Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Behavioral Testing ◽  
Anxiogenic Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Cisplatin Therapy

Since cisplatin therapy is usually accompanied with numerous toxicities, including neurotoxicity, that involve tissue oxidative damage, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the anxiogenic response to cisplatin (CIS). Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats divided into four groups (control, cisplatin, NAC, and CIS + NAC). All treatments were delivered intraperitoneally. On day one, the control and cisplatin groups received saline while the NAC and CIS + NAC groups were administered with NAC (500 mg/kg). On the fifth day, the control group received saline while the CIS group was treated with cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg), the NAC group again received NAC (500 mg/kg), and the CIS + NAC group was simultaneously treated with cisplatin and NAC (7.5 and 500 mg/kg, respectively). Behavioral testing, performed on the tenth day in the open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests, revealed the anxiogenic effect of cisplatin that was significantly attenuated by NAC. The hippocampal sections evaluation showed increased oxidative stress (increased lipid peroxidation and decline in antioxidant enzymes activity) and proapoptotic action (predominantly by diminished antiapoptotic gene expression) following a single dose of cisplatin. NAC supplementation along with cisplatin administration reversed the prooxidative and proapoptotic effects of cisplatin. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study confirmed that antioxidant supplementation with NAC may attenuate the cisplatin-induced anxiety. The mechanism of anxiolytic effect achieved by NAC may include the decline in oxidative damage that down regulates increased apoptosis and reverses the anxiogenic action of cisplatin.

Effects of prenatal x-irradiation on motor performance in the rat

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Werboff ◽  
Irving Goodman ◽  
Joan Havlena ◽  
Melvin R. Sikov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Motor Strength ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Almost All

Gravid albino rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain received either 25, 50, or 100 r whole-body X-radiation on either day 5, 10, 15, or 20 of gestation. Controls were sham-irradiated. Over 500 surviving offspring were evaluated on measures of motor maturation of the upright and righting responses, motor strength, and locomotor learning during the neonatal period. The results indicate that radiation exposure of 100 r on day 15 of gestation retards motor maturation of the upright and righting responses. Almost all of the radiation groups show a decrease in motor strength as compared to the control group with maximum deficits in the groups receiving 50 or 100 r on day 10 or 15 of gestation. On the locomotor learning measure, the results are not consistent, but the group receiving 100 r on day 15 of gestation is maximally affected. These deficits in motor performance are related to observable motor impairment. It is concluded that low levels of radiation received prenatally can have detrimental effects on the development of motor performances in the rat.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS PICTUS D. DON LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
PASHA KHOOSHBU ◽  
IMTIYAZ ANSARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of anti-Alzheimer’s activity of the alcoholic extract of Costus pictus D. Don Leaves in Alzheimer induce Wistar albino rats. Methods: In the present study, the efficacy of an Extract of Costus pictus D. Don (ECPDD) was evaluated against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer in the Wistar albino rat. Donepezil at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, ECPDD was given in rat at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, 150 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Anti-Alzheimer activity was assessed by victimization novel object recognition test, elevated plus maze, and Y-maze. And by biochemical test like neurotransmitter esterase activity, catalase activity, malonyldialdehyd and glutathione assays. Results: Results showed that extracts treatment prevents Alzheimer and increases the level of acetylcholine, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and phytochemical studies identified the presence of flavonoid and alkaloid in the ECPDD. Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that the leave of C. pictus D. Don has significant anti-Alzheimer activity due to the presence of potent antioxidants such as flavonoid and anticholinesterase enzyme present in alkaloids.

scholarly journals Effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf and fruit pulp on learning and memory in albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Pojala Kumar ◽  
Krishnakanth K. ◽  
Jagadeesh Alla
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The objective was to study the effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf (LE) and fruit pulp extract (FE) on learning and memory in albino rats. 40 healthy wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into 10 groups of 4 each (n=4), weighing about 150 to 200 gm were selected for the study. The extracts i.e. 1ml of 1% carboxy methyl cellulose, LE and FE at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg were administered per oral one hour before the experiment.Methods: Learning and memory was assessed by elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze. Latency time and number of entries were assessed by elevated plus maze whereas only latency was assessed by Hebb William maze.Results: Plant extracts of LE and FE at doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg have shown significant percentage reduction in latency time in elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze (p<0.05) and reduction in the number of entries in elevated plus maze.Conclusions: LE and FE at doses 200 mg/kg have shown significant effect on learning and memory.

METFORMIN PREVENTS PHENYTOIN INDUCED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Prashant Tiwari ◽  
Nirjharini Patel ◽  
Susmita Jena ◽  
Shakti Ketan Prusty ◽  
Pratap Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

Cognitive impairment is one of the major problems associated with antiepileptic drugs. Phenytoin is one of the widely used anticonvulsant drugs, but it adversely affects learning and memory on prolonged use due to generation of reactive oxygen species. Metformin promotes neurogenesis, enhances spatial memory function and protects the brain against oxidative imbalance. Metformin, due to its interference with apoptotic cascade, prevents cell death. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the nootropic effects of metformin against phenytoin induced cognitive impairment by using several preclinical models such as actophotometer, rotarod, elevated plus maze, radial arm maze and Y-maze. Adult wistar albino rats (150-200g) of both sexes were divided into three groups. Group-I was treated as control, Group-II was administered with phenytoin whereas Group-III was subjected to metformin followed by phenytoin. Metformin (200mg/kg) was administered orally 1h before administration of phenytoin (25mg/kg) for 21 days. Metformin showed significant (p<0.05) increase in locomotor activity in actophotometer, time of fall in rotarod, number of correct entries in radial arm maze, % SAB in Y-maze and decrease in time spent in open arm in elevated plus maze, thereby reversing the effects of phenytoin.

scholarly journals Catha Edulis Active Principle, Cathinone, Suppresses Motor Coordination, Accelerates Anxiety and Alters the Levels of Dopamine and its Metabolites in the Limbic Areas of Male Swiss Albino Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Safhi ◽  
Mohammad Firoz Alam ◽  
Gulrana Khuwaja ◽  
Sohail Hussain ◽  
Mohammed Hakeem Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Catha Edulis ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

Abstract Cathinone, the active principle of khat (Catha edulis), stimulates, excites and produces euphoric feelings in khat users. Locomotor and rearing activities, either individual or in groups, of male Swiss albino mice were decreased significantly compared to the control. Motor coordination tests (rotarod, rope climb and grip tests) have shown decreased motor performance in the mice treated with cathinone compared to the control. The elevated plus maze test has shown significant anxiety in the mice compared to the control. Contents of dopamine and its metabolite, homovanillic acid, were increased in the limbic areas compared to the control group. In contrast, contents of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid were depleted significantly and dose dependently compared to the control group in the limbic areas of mice. In conclusion, natural cathinone has depleted motor coordination, accelerated anxiety in mice and altered the contents of dopamine and its metabolites.

Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Maria Jesús Lisbona-González ◽  
Candela Reyes-Botella ◽  
Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽  
Maria Victoria Olmedo-Gaya, ◽  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.

scholarly journals Involvement of 5-HT1AReceptors in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Quercitrin and Evidence of the Involvement of the Monoaminergic System

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Qian-tong Liu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Jin-li Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Way 100635 ◽  
Marble Burying ◽  
Monoaminergic System ◽  
Light Dark Box

Quercitrin is a well-known flavonoid that is contained in Flos Albiziae, which has been used for the treatment of anxiety. The present study investigated the anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin in experimental models of anxiety. Compared with the control group, repeated treatment with quercitrin (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for seven days significantly increased the percentage of entries into and time spent on the open arms of the elevated plus maze. In the light/dark box test, quercitrin exerted an anxiolytic-like effect at 5 and 10 mg/kg. In the marble-burying test, quercitrin (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) also exerted an anxiolytic-like effect. Furthermore, quercitrin did not affect spontaneous locomotor activity. The anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin in the elevated plus maze and light/dark box test were blocked by the serotonin-1A (5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A)) receptor antagonist WAY-100635 (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) but not by theγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptor antagonist flumazenil (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The levels of brain monoamines (5-HT and dopamine) and their metabolites (5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid) were decreased after quercitrin treatment. These data suggest that the anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin might be mediated by 5-HT1Areceptors but not by benzodiazepine site of GABAAreceptors. The results of the neurochemical studies suggest that these effects are mediated by modulation of the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters.

Hypolipidemic effect of prepared Polyherbal formulations in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 4314-4320
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kanungo ◽  
Saroj Kumar Patro ◽  
Minaketan Sahoo ◽  
Dibya Sundar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Lipid lowering effect of polyherbal formulations using eight different plants was evaluated in triton and diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar albino rats. Formulations such as Tablet, Syrup and Suspension inhibited the elevation in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels on Triton WR 1339 administration rats. The formulations at the same dose level significantly attenuated the elevated serum total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The standard drug Niacin showed slightly better effects. The treatment with herbal formulations produced 30-35 percentage improvement in oral glucose tolerance. Similarly all the formulations also reduced the elevated C-reactive protein which is a marker of Hyperlipidemia. In histopathological study it was found that treatment of polyherbal formulation significantly reduced the plaque size in aorta compared with HFD treated control group. The outcome of the study reveals the lipid lowering activity of polyherbal formulations in dyslipidaemic conditions by interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol and utilization of lipids.

Effects of erdosteine on cyclosporin-A-induced nephrotoxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tutanc ◽  
V Arica ◽  
N Yılmaz ◽  
A Nacar ◽  
I Zararsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: In cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective role of erdosteine against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopy in rats. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups. Group 1 rats treated with sodium chloride served as the control, group 2 rats were treated with CsA, group 3 with CsA plus erdosteine, and group 4 with erdosteine alone. Animals were killed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) levels. Kidney sections were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as for histopathological changes. Results: In the CsA group, MDA, GSH-Px, BUN, and Cr levels were increased. The TP and ALB levels were decreased. These changes had been improved by erdosteine administration. Other biochemical parameters did not show any significant change. Conclusion: These results indicate that erdosteine produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document