Kinematic Structure at the Early Flight Position in Ski Jumping

The purpose of our research was to establish the variability of correlation between the length of the jumps and selected multi-item kinematic variables (n=9) in the early flight phase technique of ski jumping. This study was conducted on a sample of elite Slovenian ski jumpers (N=29) who participated in the experiment on a jumping hill in Hinterzarten, Germany (HS95m) on the 20th of August, 2008. The highest and most significant correlations (p=0.01) with the length of the ski jump were found in the multi-item variable height of flying, which was also expressed with the highest level of stability of the explained total variance (TV) on the first factor (TV=69.13%). The most important characteristic of the aerodynamic aspect of early flight was the variable angle between the body chord and the horizontal axis with significantly high correlations (p<0.05). The stability of that aerodynamic factor was very high (TV=65.04%). The results were essentially similar for the multi-item variable angle between left leg and the horizontal axis (TV=61.88%). The rest of the multi-item kinematic variables did not have significant correlations with the multi-item variable length of jump. Only two more variables, the angle between the upper body and the horizontal plane (TV=53.69%), and the angle between left ski and left leg (TV=50.13%), had an explained common variance on the first factor greater than 50% of total variance. The results indicated that some kinematic parameters of ski jumping early flight technique were more important for success considering the length of the jump.

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Pedalling Technique and Postural Stability During Incremental Cycling Exercise – Relationship with Cyclist FMSTM Score

LASE Journal of Sport Science ◽

10.1515/ljss-2016-0009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Indrek Rannama ◽

Kirsti Pedak ◽

Karmen Reinpõld ◽

Kristjan Port

Keyword(s):

Postural Stability ◽

Horizontal Plane ◽

Reaction Force ◽

The Body ◽

Functional Movement Screen ◽

Cycling Exercise ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Competitive Cyclists ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

The Stability

Abstract Purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in the pedalling kinetics and in the ground reaction forces as a measure of the cycling stability during an incremental cycling exercise. Furthermore, we compared the effectiveness of the pedalling technique and postural stability between the high and low Functional Movement Screen score (FMSTM) cyclists and analysed the relationships between the cycling specific postural stability, pedalling kinetics and cyclists FMSTM test scores. 31 competitive cyclists (18.5±2.1y; 1.81±0.06m; 73.7±7.5kg) were categorized based on the (FMSTM) test results in a low (LS, n=19; FMS≤14) and a high (HS, n=12; FMS>14) score group. The pedalling effectiveness and absolute symmetry indexes, as well the ground reaction force (GRF) were measured during incremental cycling exercise. Cycling specific postural stability was expressed as the body mass corrected standard deviation of 3 linear and 3 angular GRF components during a 30sec cycling at four power levels. We found that during incremental cycling exercise the pedalling effectiveness, smoothness and cyclist’s swaying in all three planes increased according to the combined effect of the workload and fatigue. Cyclists with high FMSTM score showed a lower bilateral pedalling asymmetry and a greater cycling specific postural stability, but showed no differences in the pedalling effectiveness and smoothness compared with the LS cyclists. Cyclist’s FMSTM score were moderately related with the stability components acting along the horizontal plane. The pedalling effectiveness, smoothness and bilateral asymmetry were inversely related to the components acting perpendicularly to the horizontal plane.

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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL RICE WITH SEAWEED Eucheuma cottonii ADDITION AS A DIETARY FIBER SOURCE

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v6i1.8641 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalia Prodiana Setiawati ◽

Joko Santoso ◽

Sri Purwaningsih

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Extrusion Process ◽

The Body ◽

Starch Digestibility ◽

Food Commodities ◽

The Stability ◽

Extrusion Technology ◽

Eucheuma Cottonii

The utilization of local food commodities such as corn and cassava with seaweed addition as a dietary fiber source for producing artificial rice through extrusion technology is an alternative for food diversification. The research was carried out to find out the best composition (rice, corn, cassava, and seaweed) and temperature of extrusion process on making artificial rice and the influence of dietary fibre on sensory properties and physicochemical. The composition of rice, corn, and cassava in proportion of 1:3:1 with 20% seaweed, Eucheuma cottonii, addition and temperature extruder of 90 °C were selected as the best product for artificial rice. The sensory evaluation was 8.02±0.21 (people’s preference). In physicochemical properties, dietary fiber significantly affected on low bulk density and starch digestibility. This condition is very good for health especially in maintaining the stability of blood glucose in the body. Keywords: artificial rice, composition, extrusion, seaweed, dietary fibre, temperature

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Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

Mehanization and electrification of agricultural ◽

10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-4 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 37-43

Author(s):

Fesenko, H.

Keyword(s):

Fat Body ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

The Body ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Analytical Mechanics ◽

Bulk Materials ◽

The Stability ◽

Working Bodies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

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Novel Nanolipoidal Systems for the Management of Skin Cancer

Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation ◽

10.2174/1872211314666200817115700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 108-125

Author(s):

Apoorva Singh ◽

Nimisha

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cancer Therapeutics ◽

The Body ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

The Novel ◽

Skin Cancers ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Abnormal Cells ◽

The Stability

: Skin cancer, among the various kinds of cancers, is a type that emerges from skin due to the growth of abnormal cells. These cells are capable of spreading and invading the other parts of the body. The occurrence of non-melanoma and melanoma, which are the major types of skin cancers, has increased over the past decades. Exposure to ultraviolet radiations (UV) is the main associative cause of skin cancer. UV exposure can inactivate tumor suppressor genes while activating various oncogenes. The conventional techniques like surgical removal, chemotherapy and radiation therapy lack the potential for targeting cancer cells and harm the normal cells. However, the novel therapeutics show promising improvements in the effectiveness of treatment, survival rates and better quality of life for patients. Different methodologies are involved in the skin cancer therapeutics for delivering the active ingredients to the target sites. Nano carriers are very efficient as they have the ability to improve the stability of drugs and further enhance their penetration into the tumor cells. The recent developments and research in nanotechnology have entitled several targeting and therapeutic agents to be incorporated into nanoparticles for an enhancive treatment of skin cancer. To protect the research works in the field of nanolipoidal systems various patents have been introduced. Some of the patents acknowledge responsive liposomes for specific targeting, nanocarriers for the delivery or co-delivery of chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids as well as photosensitizers. Further recent patents on the novel delivery systems have also been included here.

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Wrist-wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer with miniature electrodes for daily obesity management

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79667-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Myoung Hoon Jung ◽

Kak Namkoong ◽

Yeolho Lee ◽

Young Jun Koh ◽

Kunsun Eom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Resistance ◽

Body Fat ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

The Body ◽

Upper Body ◽

Sensor Technology ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Obesity Management ◽

Impedance Analyzer ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

AbstractBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used to analyze human body composition by applying a small alternating current through the body and measuring the impedance. The smaller the electrode of a BIA device, the larger the impedance measurement error due to the contact resistance between the electrode and human skin. Therefore, most commercial BIA devices utilize electrodes that are large enough (i.e., 4 × 1400 mm2) to counteract the contact resistance effect. We propose a novel method of compensating for contact resistance by performing 4-point and 2-point measurements alternately such that body impedance can be accurately estimated even with considerably smaller electrodes (outer electrodes: 68 mm2; inner electrodes: 128 mm2). Additionally, we report the use of a wrist-wearable BIA device with single-finger contact measurement and clinical test results from 203 participants at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. The correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate of percentage body fat were 0.899 and 3.76%, respectively, in comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. This result exceeds the performance level of the commercial upper-body portable body fat analyzer (Omron HBF-306). With a measurement time of 7 s, this sensor technology is expected to provide a new possibility of a wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer, toward obesity management.

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Research on intelligent clustering of male upper body

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/00405175211000125 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004051752110001

Author(s):

Pengpeng Cheng ◽

Xianyi Zeng ◽

Pascal Bruniaux ◽

Jianping Wang ◽

Daoling Chen

Keyword(s):

Artificial Bee Colony ◽

Young Men ◽

Cuckoo Search ◽

The Body ◽

Upper Body ◽

Intelligent Algorithm ◽

Density Peak ◽

Swarm Optimization ◽

Bee Colony ◽

Length Width

To study the upper body characteristics of young men, the body circumference, length, width, thickness, and angle of young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years were collected to comprehensively characterize the concave and convex features of the front, back, and side of the human body. The Cuckoo Search-Density Peak intelligent algorithm was used to extract the feature factors of the upper body of men, and to cluster them. To verify the effectiveness of the intelligent algorithm, the clustering results of Cuckoo Search-Density Peak, Density Peak, Particle Swarm Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization-Density Peak algorithm, Genetic Algorithm-Density Peak algorithm, and Artificial Bee Colony-Density Peak algorithm were evaluated by Silouette and F-measures, respectively. The results show that the Cuckoo Search-Density Peak algorithm has the best clustering results and is superior to other algorithms. There are some differences in somatotype characteristics and somatotype indexes between young men aged 18–25 and 26–35 years.

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Polymer-Drug Conjugates as Nanotheranostic Agents

Journal of Nanotheranostics ◽

10.3390/jnt2010005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 63-81

Author(s):

Sajana Manandhar ◽

Erica Sjöholm ◽

Johan Bobacka ◽

Jessica M. Rosenholm ◽

Kuldeep K. Bansal

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Treatment Options ◽

The Body ◽

Drug Conjugates ◽

Imaging Characteristics ◽

Wide Range ◽

Systemic Side Effects ◽

Theranostic Agents ◽

The Stability

Since the last decade, the polymer-drug conjugate (PDC) approach has emerged as one of the most promising drug-delivery technologies owing to several benefits like circumventing premature drug release, offering controlled and targeted drug delivery, improving the stability, safety, and kinetics of conjugated drugs, and so forth. In recent years, PDC technology has advanced with the objective to further enhance the treatment outcomes by integrating nanotechnology and multifunctional characteristics into these systems. One such development is the ability of PDCs to act as theranostic agents, permitting simultaneous diagnosis and treatment options. Theranostic nanocarriers offer the opportunity to track the distribution of PDCs within the body and help to localize the diseased site. This characteristic is of particular interest, especially among those therapeutic approaches where external stimuli are supposed to be applied for abrupt drug release at the target site for localized delivery to avoid systemic side effects (e.g., Visudyne®). Thus, with the help of this review article, we are presenting the most recent updates in the domain of PDCs as nanotheranostic agents. Different methodologies utilized to design PDCs along with imaging characteristics and their applicability in a wide range of diseases, have been summarized in this article.

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A Feasibility Study of Kinematic Characteristics on the Upper Body According to the Shooting of Elite Disabled Archery Athletes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062962 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2962

Author(s):

Tae-Whan Kim ◽

Jae-Won Lee ◽

Seoung-Ki Kang ◽

Kyu-Yeon Chae ◽

Sang-Hyup Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Upper Body ◽

Movement Trajectory ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Kinematic Characteristics ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Athletes With Disabilities ◽

Body Center ◽

Time Required

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the kinematic characteristics of the upper limb segments during the archery shooting of Paralympic Wheelchair Class archers (ARW2—second wheelchair class—paraplegia or comparable disability) and Paralympic Standing Class archers (ARST—standing archery class—loss of 25 points in the upper limbs or lower limbs), where archers are classified according to their disability grade among elite disabled archers. The participants of this study were selected as seven elite athletes with disabilities by the ARW2 (n = 4) and ARST (n = 3). The analysis variables were (1) the time required for each phase, (2) the angle of inclination of the body center, (3) the change of trajectory of body center, and (4) the change of the movement trajectory of the bow center by phase when performing six shots in total. The ARW2 group (drawing phase; M = 2.228 s, p < 0.05, holding phase; M = 4.414 s, p < 0.05) showed a longer time than the ARST group (drawing phase; M = 0.985 s, holding phase; M = 3.042 s), and the angle of the body did not show a significant difference between the two groups. Additionally, in the direction of the anteroposterior axis in the drawing phase, the change in the movement trajectory of the body center showed a more significant amount of change in the ARW2 group than in the ARST group, and the change in the movement trajectory of the bow center did not show a significant difference between the two groups.

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Innovative concepts for the usage of veneer-based hybrid materials in vehicle structures

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L Journal of Materials Design and Applications ◽

10.1177/1464420721998398 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146442072199839

Author(s):

DB Heyner ◽

G Piazza ◽

E Beeh ◽

G Seidel ◽

HE Friedrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steel Strip ◽

High Energy ◽

The Body ◽

Vehicle Body ◽

Material System ◽

Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽

Hybrid Beam ◽

Bending Load ◽

The Impact ◽

Very High

A promising approach for the development of sustainable and resource-saving alternatives to conventional material solutions in vehicle structures is the use of renewable raw materials. One group of materials that has particular potential for this application is wood. The specific material properties of wood in the longitudinal fiber direction are comparable to typical construction materials such as steel or aluminum. Due to its comparatively low density, there is a very high lightweight construction potential especially for bending load cases. Structural components of the vehicle body are exposed to very high mechanical loads in the case of crash impact. Depending on the component under consideration, energy has to be absorbed and the structural integrity of the body has to be ensured in order to protect the occupants. The use of natural materials such as wood poses particular challenges for such applications. The material characteristics of wood are dispersed, and depend on environmental factors such as humidity. The aim of the following considerations was to develop a material system to ensure the functional reliability of the component. The test boundary conditions for validation also play a key role in this context. The potential of wood–steel hybrid design based on laminated veneer lumber and steel was investigated for use in a component subjected to crash loads such as the door impact beam. The chosen solution involves a separation of functions. A laminated veneer lumber-based beam was hybridized with a steel strip on the tension side. The steel strip was designed to compensate the comparatively low elongation at fracture of the wood and to ensure the integrity of the beam. The wooden component was designed for high energy absorption due to delamination and controlled failure during the impact, while maintaining the surface moment of inertia, i.e. the bending stiffness of the entire component. This approach was chosen to ensure the functional safety of the component, avoid sudden component failure and utilize the high potential of both materials. The tests carried out provided initial functional proof of the chosen solution. The hybridization achieved significantly higher deformations without sudden failure of the beam. In addition, bending capabilities were increased significantly compared to a beam without hybridization. In comparison with a state-of-the-art steel beam, the hybrid beam was not able to achieve the maximum deformation and the target weight of the hybrid beam. Further optimization of the hybrid beam is therefore necessary.

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