scholarly journals Relationship Between Saponin Content in Alfalfa and Aphid Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Goławska ◽  
Iwona Łukasik ◽  
Agnieszka Wójcicka ◽  
Hubert Sytykiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Saponin Content ◽  
Aphid Development

Effects of water stress on growth and total saponin content of Liriope muscari (Decne.) Bailey*

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Hailan FAN ◽  
Wei HONG ◽  
Chengzhen WU ◽  
Jian LI ◽  
Can CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content

Evaluation of the Laxative activity of Saponin Enriched Hydroethanolic Pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus in Animal models

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalitha Vivekanandan ◽  
Roxanne Gekonge Mandere ◽  
Sivakumar Thangavel
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Triterpene Saponins ◽  
Laxative Effect ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Efficacious Drug

Background: Constipation is a common, predominant, chronic gastrointestinal functional disorder. The drugs available to treat constipation are limited because of their side effects in long term use. So we need of efficacious drug to treat constipation. Sapindus emarginatus Vahl belongs to the family Sapindaceae, commonly known as soapnut. Traditionally used for the antipruritic, antifertility, constipation, and anti-inflammatory agents. Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the laxative activity of hydroethanolic pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus (HESE) in animal models. Methods: The saponin content in extract was measured by gravimetric analysis. The laxative activity of hydroethanolic pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus is evaluated by the weight of feces matter, charcoal meal hyperperistalsis test, and loperamide induced constipation model. Results: The saponin content of the soapnut pericarp was 13.48 % and the extract was found to be 11.92 %. The results obtained from these models showed a significant dose-dependent increase in fecal weight, peristalsis index, and moisture content compared to control animals. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the oral administration of HESE showed a significant laxative activity by using different animal models. The presence of triterpene saponins is responsible for this activity. Further studies are needed to confirm their mechanism behind the laxative effect. The administration of extract was found to be a valid candidate in constipation therapy.

scholarly journals The polyphenol/saponin-rich Rhus tripartita extract has an apoptotic effect on THP-1 cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajer Tlili ◽  
Anca Macovei ◽  
Daniela Buonocore ◽  
Manuela Lanzafame ◽  
Hanen Najjaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Saponin Content

Abstract Background Hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of cellular growth, proliferation, and more in general, is a common phenomenon in most types of cancers. Thus, natural substances targeting this pathway can be of great therapeutic potential in supporting the treatment of tumor patients. Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande is a plant growing in desertic areas which is traditionally used for the treatment of several diseases in Tunisia. In the present work, the biochemical profile of the main compounds present in the plant leaf extract was determined and the anti-leukemic potential of the plant extracts against acute monocytic leukaemia (AML) THP-1 cells was investigated. Methods After HPLC identification of some phenolic compounds present in the plant extract and the quantification of saponin content, the cytotoxic effect of Rhus tripartita extracts on THP-1 cell culture was evaluated using the colorimetric MTT assay for cell viability. THP-1 cells were incubated with medium containing the relative IC50 concentrations of total plant extract, saponin extract and some standard compounds (rutin (R); kaempferol (K); mixture of catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin-gallate (CEEG); ellagic acid (EA). Finally, qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis were used to evaluate the effect of some flavonoids present in a crude extract of polyphenols and the total extract of saponins on cell survival and apoptosis. Results Analysis of expression level of some gene (PIK3CA, PTEN, AKT1, mTOR, EIF4E, RPS6KB1, and TSC1) involved in the mTOR pathway and the phosphorylation of S6 and AKT proteins allowed to observe that a total Rhus tripartita extract and some of the compounds found in the extract controls THP-1 cell proliferation and apoptosis via regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Rhus tripartita-induced inhibition of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis may involve the mTOR pathway. Therefore, Rhus tripartita extract may be a useful candidate as a natural anti-cancer drug to support the treatment of AML.

Evaluation of Solvent Extraction Process for Asparagus racemosus Root Extract through the Determination of its Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity Assay

2021 ◽  
pp. 5108-5114
Author(s):  
Monika D. Bhalodiya ◽  
Jayant R. Chavda ◽  
Nilesh K Patel ◽  
Ajay I. Patel ◽  
Ravi A. Manek
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Antioxidant Assay ◽  
Saponin Content

This study is aimed to evaluate extraction capacity of different solvents through determining total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total saponin content, and an antioxidant assay of different solvent extracts (toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, water, 60% aqueous methanol, 60% aqueous ethanol and 60% aqueous acetone) of Asparagus racemosus (A. racemosus) root. The 60% aqueous methanol shows the highest extracting yield, in contrast, toluene shows the lowest yield. Highest total phenolic content (220.8±0.74mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (219.3±0.64mg QCE/g), total tannin content (108.4±0.88mg GAE/g) were found from acetone extract. The methanol extract showed the highest saponin content (579.4±2.85mg ESE/g). Antioxidant potential determines by using various in vitro methodologies such as DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. The lowest IC50 value was found in acetone extract and thus it exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The highest correlation was found between phenolic content and the antioxidant assay. It seems that phenolic contents are responsible for free radicle scavenging activity. From the observation, it concluded that acetone extract rich with polyphenolic content and methanol extract shows the highest amount of saponin content.

Plasma Lipid-lowering and Lipogenesis-stimulating Actions of Ginseng Saponins in Tumor-bearing Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Akira Kumagai ◽  
Yuichi Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Saponin Content

Ascited hepatoma (AH41C or AH130) was transplanted to male rats Donryu, strain. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acid levels were reduced with oral administration of ginseng principle fraction 3 (saponin content, ca. 1/5). Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into total lipids and fatty acids in adipose tissue was increased by fraction 3 administration in both normal and tumor-bearing rats. The incorporation increased in earlier stage of tumor growth and decreased in the later one. Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into total lipid, free and esterified cholesterol, TG and phospholipid in the liver was also enhanced by fraction 3 administration in both normal and tumor-bearing animals. In vitro addition of ginseng principle fraction 4 (saponin content, ca. 1/2) increased incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into lipid fraction is adipose tissue and liver. Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into lipid fractions in ascites hepatoma cells remained unchanged with both oral administration of fraction 3 and in vitro addition of fraction 4. DNA and protein synthesis in the tumor cells was not changed with in vitro addition of fraction 4.

Function of leafy sepals in Paris polyphylla: photosynthate allocation and partitioning to the fruit and rhizome

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yu ◽  
Qilong Fan ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jianrong Wei ◽  
Qing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Paris Polyphylla ◽  
Rhizome Biomass

Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. is a rhizomatous, herbaceous, perennial plant that is used as a medicinal plant with a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the functions of the green, leafy sepal of this plant are poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to: (a) test the hypothesis that sepals make measurable contributions to fruit development and rhizome growth; and (b) investigate the allocation and partitioning of photosynthates produced by sepals and leaves to fruit and rhizome. Net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic pigment composition and δ13C values were similar for sepals and leaves. Sepal-darkening and sepal-removal treatments resulted in smaller fruit size and decreased rhizome biomass, whereas fruit removal led to a decrease in calyx size and an increase in rhizome yield and saponin content. Fruit and seed mass were positively and linearly related to calyx size. These results indicate that photosynthates produced by sepals are involved in the fruit growth and seed development and that developing fruit and rhizomes compete for the photosynthates exported by leaves. We propose that the sepals of P. polyphylla function partly as leaves to compensate for reproductive costs. Fruit removal increased carbon partitioning to the rhizome and improved rhizome yield and quality, offering a useful strategy for the domestication of this valuable medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Decreasing Saponin Levels to Nutrition of Extracted Moringa Leaf Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanita Indriasari ◽  
Fitriani Basrin ◽  
Miming Berlian Hi. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Leaf Powder

Moringa oleifera leaves have been used as food material because it has high nutritional value. Many research have been conducted on moringa leaves extract as functional food and the additional material of nutrient for some food products (biscuit, bread, jelly drink), which it looked that adding moringa leaves extract above 5% decrease the consumer acceptance level toward the product because of the strongest unpleasant aroma and bitter taste, which is caused by saponins content in moringa leaves extract is still high enough.This study aimed to obtain the optimal temperature and time of blanching process to reduce saponin level, and the appropriate solvents to extract nutrients from Moringa oleifera leaves so that Moringa leaves flour is obtained with no bitter taste (low saponin) and nutritious (water, protein, optimal vitamin C and vitamin A) as fortification ingredients for various food products. The results showed that the blanching treatment at 75 ° C for 5 minutes (T1W1) combined with 70% ethanol (P1) solvent was able to produce Moringa leaves flour with the lowest saponin content of 0.790%, but with nutrients that still met the requirements, namely water 6.508%, protein 28.705%, Vitamin C 90.77 mg 100 g-1 and Vitamin A 3590 µg 100 g-1.

scholarly journals Identification of Phytochemicals from the Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia Roots using Solid-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Extraction Based Fractionation Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-772
Author(s):  
Lee Suan Chua ◽  
Abirame Segaran ◽  
Hoi Jin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Acetone Precipitation ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Solid Liquid

Phytochemicals in the water extract of Eurycoma longofolia roots were identified using both solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction based fractionation techniques. A reversed phase C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) was used as solid-liquid extraction, whereas solvent partition was applied as liquid-liquid extraction. Total saponin was increased after fractionation. A few known quassinoids; eurycomanone, 13α(21)-epoxyeurycomanone, pasakbumin D, 13β,18-dihydroeurycomanol and 13β,21-dihydroxyeurycomanol were identified from the 40% and 60% methanol fractions of SPE. Solvent partition extract using ethyl acetate was found to have the highest saponin content compared to butanol and chloroform fractions. Subsequent acetone precipitation of the organic fractions recovered a formylated hexose trimer and other saccharide-containing compounds. Ethyl acetate effectively recovered saponins from E. longofolia water extract using liquid-liquid extraction followed by acetone precipitation.

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