Effects of water stress on growth and total saponin content of Liriope muscari (Decne.) Bailey*

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Hailan FAN ◽  
Wei HONG ◽  
Chengzhen WU ◽  
Jian LI ◽  
Can CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content

scholarly journals Growth and Ginsenosides Content of Ginseng Sprouts According to LED-Based Light Quality Changes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Yoon-Jeong Kim ◽  
Thi Kim Loan Nguyen ◽  
Myung-Min Oh
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
One Year ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

This study investigated growth and ginsenosides content of ginseng sprouts under various light spectra. One-year-old ginseng seedlings were cultivated under various light treatments including: monochromatic (red (R), green (G), and blue (B)), various RB and RGB combinations, white (fluorescent lamps (FL) and natural white (NW)), and supplemental far red (FR). R and high R ratio increased growth characteristics of ginseng sprouts (excepted for root dry weight). The replacement of G for B in RGB group and W group did not increase the growth, and supplemental FR increased shoot and root fresh weights, total fresh weight, and leaf area. R had 1.5 times higher photosynthetic rate compared to B and G, and R8G1B1 and R9G1B0 showed the highest values in RGB group; whereas the RB, W, and FR groups did not enhance photosynthetic rate. B and high B ratio increased shoot saponin and ginsenosides, total saponin and ginsenosides contents. Total saponin content in shoot was 4.4 times higher than that in root. The supplemental FR enhanced both total saponin and ginsenosides contents. In conclusion, NW + FR showed the highest total fresh weight, saponin and ginsenosides contents among all treatments, suggesting that supplementation of FR has a positive effect on ginseng sprouts grown in plant factories.

scholarly journals Total saponins from Oplopanax elatus Nakai: An optimization study of the extraction process using response surface methodology and its psychopharmacological activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Hongsheng Bian ◽  
Yonghai Meng ◽  
Zhibin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Oplopanax Elatus ◽  
Swimming Endurance

Abstract Background: Oplopanax elatus Nakai is an ancient angiosperm plant member. It belongs to the Araliaceae family and has biological activities similar to those of Panax ginseng. However, the psychopharmacological effects of O. elatus Nakai have not been characterized. Thus, in the present study, we determined the optimal process for extracting total saponins and then screened the psychopharmacological activities of O. elatus Nakai extract (ONE).Methods: A three-level Box-Behnken design with 3 variables was used to evaluate the treatment variables that influenced the total saponin content (TSC) extracted from O. elatus Nakai. ONE was orally administered to mice and drosophila to evaluate its psychomotor, sedative-hypnotic, anti-stress, and anxiolytic effects.Results: The optimal variables for ethanol extraction were 60 min, 70% ethanol, 30 g/mL and 80 °C, and the total saponin yield reached 18.06±0.17%. Treatment with ONE extended cold swimming endurance time, reduced anxiety-like behaviour, decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, prolonged sleep duration, and ameliorated the sleep-wake rhythm. The ginseng extract (GE) is characterized by low-dose excitation and high-dose inhibition of the central nervous system.Conclusion: Some of the properties of ONE and GE were not identical, but ONE has potentially psychopharmacological activities.

scholarly journals Studies on Medicago lupulina saponins. 4. Variation in the saponin content of M. lupulina

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Górski ◽  
Marian Jurzysta ◽  
Stanisław Burda ◽  
Wiesław A. Oleszek ◽  
Michał Płoszyński
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Vegetation Season ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Selection For

The saponin content in the tops of black medic trefoil cv. Renata as well as in some botanical and breeding lines of <em>M. lupulina</em> was analysed. It was found that the concentration of biologically active (hemolytically active) saponins in the tops of <em>M. lupulina</em> cv. Renata was 2.5% of dry matter. Total saponin content was 3.5% of dry matter. Among 500 individually analysed plants of the Renata variety, the saponin contents ranged from 0.07 to 0.5% in the leaf sap. No saponin-free plant was found. The saponin content was additionally analysed in 300 breeding and 11 botanical lines of <em>M. lupulina</em>. Great differences in that material were found but no saponin-free line was present. The saponin content in the particular plant parts as well as in the whole tops of <em>M. lupulina</em> throughout the vegetation season was also measured. The possibility and necessity of the selection for a low saponin population of <em>M. lupulina</em> is discussed.

Quantitative Analysis of Ginsenosides in Fresh Panax Ginseng

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.T. Yip ◽  
C.N.B. Lau ◽  
P.P.H. But ◽  
Y.C. Kong
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Ginseng Total Saponin

TLC, DCC and HPLC were used to study the ginsenoside composition of the main root, lateral root, rhizomem leaves and seeds of Panax ginseng cultivated in Jilin, China. Each of these methods has advantages of its own and the ensemble reveal the special features of Jilin ginseng. Total saponin content of various plant parts in Jilin ginseng showed a mid-range value as compared to those in ginsengs reported in literature. Fresh as well as sun-dried specimens from the same batch possessed a high percentage of Rg1 in the main root and this might account for the traditional preference of this plant part despite its lowest percentage of saponin in the whole plant. Large amounts of polar saponins were also observed in roots and rhizome of fresh Jilin ginseng, the nature and significance of which remained to be investigated.

scholarly journals Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn (Java ginseng) production using Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistiono Sulistiono
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Soil Pathogen ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Soil pathogen is one of main problem in Java ginseng production in tropical field. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of VAM application to Java ginseng tuber production. Application of VAM was conducted in various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%) (w/w). Thin Layer Chromatography was used to detected saponin and spectrophotometry was used to determine total saponin. Biomass, the number of rotten tuber, and total saponin were determined after eleven months under greenhouse condition. Inoculation 3% of VAM can enhance the number of healthy and biomass Java ginseng tuber significantly. But the application of VAM did not increase total saponin content.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Temperature and Preservatives on the Stability and Quality of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms Herbal Health Drinks

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nguyen MinhThu ◽  
Hoang Le Son
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
And Storage

Aims: Polyscias fruticosa has been well-known as a traditional medicinal herb which shares the same function as ginseng, favorable for their antioxidant capacity. In this study, the herbal health drink had been developed based on the Polyscias fruticosa extract. The effect of preservatives and storage temperature on the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and total saponin content were investigated over the period of 16 weeks. Methodology: Polyscias fruticosa extract based herbal drinks were formulated. Potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate were used as preservatives while storage temperature was set at 4 and 250C. Determination of total phenolic content was performed by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Meanwhile, analysis of total flavonoid and saponin content was conducted by colorimetric methods. Results: In general, the effect of preservatives and storage temperature on the concentration of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content can clearly be seen after 6 weeks, while significant difference in concentration of total saponin content had been evidenced from week 11. Typically, The concentration of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total saponin content in formulas added preservatives and kept at 4°C were measured at 2.80±0.26 mg GAE/g, 8.24±0.44 mg CE/g and 20.29±0.27 mg OAE/g after 16 weeks, respectively; however, without adding preservatives and stored at 25°C, these components were found at a value of 1.77±0.1 mg GAE/g, 0.0±0.28 mg CE/g, 14.63±0.59 mg OAE/g, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the presence of preservatives and fridge temperature (4°C) has been the optimal condition to maintain the quantity of biological phytocomponents in herbal health drink; however, the addition of preservatives and storage temperature should be taken into consideration depending on the storage time of herbal drink.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of the Leaves of Aloe greatheadii var. davyana from Four South African Provinces

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1830-1834
Author(s):  
Sechene S. Gololo ◽  
Denga Nthai ◽  
Motetelo A. Mogale
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Phytochemical Contents

The current study was aimed at the determination of the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity of the leaves of A. greatheadii from four provinces of South Africa. The leaves samples of A. greatheadii were collected at four different locations in South Africa; namely, Limpopo province (Polokwane), Gauteng province (Ga-Rankuwa), Mpumalanga province (Siyabuswa) and North-West province (Brits) during the summer season of the year. The ground samples were then extracted in a serial sequential procedure with different organic solvents using cold maceration extraction method. The extracts were then subjected to quantitative phytochemical analysis for the determination of total phenolic, total tannin, total flavonoid and total saponin content. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of the methanol extracts were evaluated through the DPPH assay. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed variation in the total phenolic, total tannin, total flavonoid and total saponin contents of the samples from different locations, with specific phytochemicals found in higher amounts at different locations. However, upon calculation of the total phytochemical content the high amount was recorded with the Limpopo province sample. Variation in the antioxidant capacity (EC50 based) of the samples from different locations was demonstrated, with the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces’ samples showing high capacity. The results demonstrated that the variation in geographical locations has an effect on the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity of the leaves of A. greatheadii. Furthermore, the Limpopo province area with a high altitude appeared to be providing suitable growing conditions for high accumulation of phytochemicals and higher antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Characterization of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) accessions for the saponin content in Mediterranean environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuditta De Santis ◽  
Carmen Maddaluno ◽  
Tiziana D’Ambrosio ◽  
Agata Rascio ◽  
Michele Rinaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Breeding Goal ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Selection Of

Seeds of the Andean seed crop quinoa (<em>Chenopodium</em> <em>quinoa</em> Willd.) usually contain saponins in the seed coat. Saponins give a bitter taste sensation and are a serious antinutritional factor, therefore selection of sweet genotypes with a very low saponin content in the seeds is a main breeding goal. The objective of this work was to identify, within germplasm lines of quinoa, previously selected for production and quality traits, superior genotypes low in saponins. For this purpose the total saponin content was determined in seeds of eight lines of quinoa and one variety (cv. Regalona Baer) as a control, previously evaluated over a 2-year period in a Southern Italy environment. Significant variation for the saponin content was observed among the evaluated genotypes. The total saponin content ranged from 0.10 to 1.80 %, with the Q12 genotype showing the lowest value, suggesting the possibility of selecting genotypes "sweet" to be used in subsequent genetic improvement programs. Based on these results, in fact, it was possible to identify, among the accessions previously selected, particularly suitable for growing in Mediterranean area, some genotypes with high yields of seed (2.5 the<sup>-1</sup>, on average), high protein (17%, on average) and fibers (13%, on average) and low content in saponins (0.57%, on average).

scholarly journals Study results of the acquired data on Tribulus terristris L. extraction technology parameters

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Baigalmaa D ◽  
Enkhjargal D ◽  
Wang Qin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
Technological Study

It has been noted in the Mongolian traditional medicine sources that aerial parts, fruits and seeds of the Tribulus terestris L. plant are beneficial for renal diseases and improvement of renal function. In the current marketplace, herbal medicinal products for sexual potency and their production have been developing rapidly. Therefore, with the goal of appropriate usage of national resources and to provide a substitute for the imported products, a technological study on the extraction of liquid extracts from the upper part of the Tribulus terrestris L. plant was carried out. In the first part of this herbal tablet development technology research the appropriate solvent concentrations for the extraction from the plant raw materials, which are the main technological indicators, were determined by the total saponin concentrations in the plant by spectrophotometric method. As a result of the study the ideal extracellular solvent for extraction was determined, a 70% ethanol and the total saponin content was 15.53 mg/ml or 0.77%. Зэлэн зангуу ургамлын (Tribulus terristris L.) шингэн ханды технологийн зарим үзүүлэлтийг тогтоосон судалгааны үр дүнгээс Хураангуй: Монголын УАУ-ны эх сурвалжуудад Зэлэн зангуу ургамлын (Tribulus terristris L.) газрын дээд хэсэг, үр жимсийг нь бөөрний өвчинд тустай, бөөрний тамир сайжруулдаг хэмээн эмийн үйлдлийг нь тэмдэглэн үлдээсэн байдаг. Орчин үед бэлгийн үйл ажиллагааг сайжруулах ургамлын гаралтай эмийн зах зээлд Зэлэн зангуу ургамлын найрлага бүхий биологийн нэмэлт бүтээгдэхүүн, эмийн үйлдвэрлэл эрчимтэй хөгжиж байна. Иймд бид эх орны ургамлын нөөцийг зохистой ашиглан, импортын эмийн бүтээгдэхүүнийг орлох эм гарган авах зорилгоор Зэлэн зангуу ургамлын газрын дээд хэсгээс шахмал эмийн хэлбэр гарган авах судалгааг хийж гүйцэтгэсэн. Энэхүү шахмал эмийн технологийн судалгааны ажлын эхний хэсэг болох шингэн ханд гарган авах, экстрагентийн тохиромжтой концентрацийг тогтоох судалгааг уг ургамлын биологийн идэвхт бодис болох нийлбэр сапонины агууламжаар, спектрофотометрийн аргаар судлан тогтоолоо. Судалгааны ажлын үр дүнд шингэн ханд гарган авах экстрагентийн тохиромжтой концентраци нь 70%-н этанол байсан бөгөөд уг ханданд агуулагдах нийлбэр сапонины агууламж нь дунджаар 15.53 мг/мл буюу 0.77% байгааг тогтоолоо. Түлхүүр үгс: Зэлэн зангуу, экстрагентийн концентраци, нийлбэр сапонин, спектрофотометр

scholarly journals The Determination of Total Alkaloid, Polyphenol, Flavonoid and Saponin Contents of Pogang gan (Curcuma sp.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Phan Van Tan
Keyword(s):  
Total Alkaloid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Total Saponin ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content

Pogang gan (Curcuma sp., Zingiberaceae family) is medicinal herb and threatened and it is usually used as a tonic. We successfully micropropagated and cultivated this species. This study determined the total alkaloid, polyphenol, flavonoid and saponin contents of its growth time in order to determine harvest time. The highest level of total alkaloid content is roots after 11 months cultivation (0.272 mg/g), total polyphenol content is rhizomes after 11 months (1.71 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content is rhizomes after 11 months (13.89 mg QE/g) and total saponin content is tubers and roots after 11 months (5.26% and 4.78%). The total content of alkaloid and flavonoid of pogang gan is higher than Curcuma zedoaria. The total saponin content of natural pogang gan is equal to 39.5% of 6-year old Vietnamese ginseng and the saponin content in rhizomes and tubers of 11-month-planted Pogang gan is from 55.5% to 67.8%, compared with natural Pogang gan.

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