EVALUATION OF THE INTERRELATIONS OF BLOOD VCAM-1 LEVEL AND CLINICO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRONIC GLOMERULONEFRITIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
K. M. Bayaundurova ◽  
M. M. Batyushin ◽  
I. V. Sarvilina ◽  
N. V. Antipova ◽  
E. A. Sinel’nik
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Intercellular Interaction ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

Chronic glomerulonephritis is characterized by irreversible progression of the pathological process, which leads to the formation of terminal renal failure significantly impairing the  patient's quality of life, leading to internal dysfunction and increasing the risk of premature overall and cardiovascular mortality.  Consequently, the search for non-invasive methods for assessing the state of renal tissue, including the detection of proteins involved  in renal inflammation, fibrosis, intercellular interaction is currently important.THE AIM: To determine the serum levels of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in patients with various forms of  chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and to clarify its relationship to the  development of morphological changes in the renal tissue.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 80 patients (men and women), with CGN in the acute stage was carried out a detailed clinical and  laboratory examination, including determination of serum VCAM-1 by ELISA and performing puncture renal biopsy with the assessment of  morphological changes. Statistical analysis of the results was carried  out using «Microsoft Office Excel 2010» («Microsoft Corp.», USA)  and "STATISTICA 10.0" («StatSoft Inc.», USA).RESULTS. The serum level concentration of VCAM-1 was 719  [643;771] ng/ml. Obtained statistically significant interrelations with  enlargement of mesangial space, endothelial growth, capillary walls  thickening, mesangial hypercellularity, endothelial hypercellularity,  protein casts in tubules, anses capillaries union, fibrose demilunes,  podocyte necrosis, hypertrophic remodeling type of resistive type  vessels, Ig deposites, IgA deposites, IgG seposites, C3 complement  fluorescence, fibrinogen deposites. CONCLUSION: The results of the study demonstrate the important  role of VCAM-1 in the development of immunocomplex inflammation in glomerulonephritis. VCAM-1 is a marker of different morphological changes in CGN, and determining the level of VCAM-1 in serum is  informative, simple and noninvasive method which provides  evaluation of inflammatory process activity, prediction of the risk of morphological changes in the renal tissue structure in patients  with CGN.

Characteristics of the course of nephritis associated with Iga-vasculitis Henoch-Schoenlein in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A. V. Sukalo ◽  
I. A. Kazyra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Iga Vasculitis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Regimens

INTRODUCTION. Among systemic vasopathies in children, IgA vasculitis Henoch Schoenlein (HS) is the most common, according to various authors, kidney damage is noted in 25-80 % and usually determines the prognosis of the disease.THE AIM of the study was to analyze clinical, laboratory, immunological, morphological characteristics, features of the course and treatment of nephritis associated with IgA vasculitis HS in children, as well as factors affecting the prognosis.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 31 patients with morphologically verified nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS (18 – boys, 13 – girls) aged 3 to 17 years, who were monitored at the Nephrology Department of the "2nd Children's City Clinical Hospital" of the National Center for Pediatric Nephrology and Renal Replacement therapy in Minsk from 2010 to 2019 yrs.The following parameters were analyzed: the clinical variant of kidney damage, laboratory tests (including the study of BAFF, RANTES lymphocyte activation molecules, pro-inflammatory IL1β, caspase1, TNFα, growth factors VEGF, TGF), 24 hours monitoring and office blood pressure measurements, ECHO cardiography with indicescalculation, ultrasound of the carotid arteries with the thickness of intima-media complex, morphological changes in the renal tissue, as well as treatment regimens.RESULTS. The contribution of deGal-IgA1, markers of T and B lymphocytes activation, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic molecules in the development of the disease is shown. Arterial hypertension was registered in 42 % of children, signs of heart remodeling according to the calculated indices in 19,3 %. Decrease level of adiponectin, vitamin D, leptin, increase concentration of obestatin, Pro-BNP, hs-CRP, and TSAT indicator classify patients with nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS at moderate risk for the developmentof cardio-vascular disorders, which suggests the need for timely correction.CONCLUSION. In most cases, nephritis with IgA vasculitis HS has a benign course with rare relapses and progression to the end stage of chronic kidney disease (6,5 %).

scholarly journals The role of secretary-motor stomach disorders in the genesis of atopic dermatitis in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Buryak ◽  
Tatyana I. Antonova ◽  
Inna V. Malysheva ◽  
Kirill K. Shepelenko ◽  
Maria V. Dudko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: to study the relationship of the main mediators of atopy and clinical and morphological characteristics lesions of the stomach with its secretory-motor disorders in children with atopic dermatitis. We study 134 patients aged 7 to 14 years with atopic dermatitis and 30 healthy children as control group. All children passed general clinical and laboratory instrumental investigations. In addition, children with manifestations of atopic dermatitis and secretory-motor disorders of the stomach Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy, topographic intragastric pH-metry with aspiration biopsy of the gastric mucosa were performed, followed by morphological investigations. In sick children, an increase in the levels of total IgE, histamine and serotonin was detected in the blood, combined with a tendency to decrease acid-forming function, endoscopic and morphological changes in the gastric mucosa. It is assumed that concomitant atopic dermatitis secretory-motor disorders of the stomach are manifestations of gastrointestinal syndrome, which can be both secondary and primary in relation to skin manifestations and in both situations contribute the formation of endoallergens and maintain a vicious cycle of the pathological process.

scholarly journals Role of endocannabinoid CB1 receptors in Streptozotocin-induced uninephrectomised Wistar rats in diabetic nephropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayarami Reddy Medapati ◽  
Deepthi Rapaka ◽  
Veera Raghavulu Bitra ◽  
Santhosh Kumar Ranajit ◽  
Girija Sankar Guntuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cb1 Receptors ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

Abstract Background The endocannabinoid CB1 receptor is known to have protective effects in kidney disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential agonistic and antagonistic actions and to determine the renoprotective potential of CB1 receptors in diabetic nephropathy. The present work investigates the possible role of CB1 receptors in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced nephropathy. Streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg, i.p., once) is administered to uninephrectomised rats for induction of experimental diabetes mellitus. The CB1 agonist (oleamide) and CB1 antagonist (AM6545) treatment were initiated in diabetic rats after 1 week of STZ administration and were given for 24 weeks. Results The progress in diabetic nephropathy is estimated biochemically by measuring serum creatinine (1.28±0.03) (p < 0.005), blood urea nitrogen (67.6± 2.10) (p < 0.001), urinary microprotein (74.62± 3.47) (p < 0.005) and urinary albuminuria (28.31±1.17) (p < 0.0001). Renal inflammation was assessed by estimating serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (75.69±1.51) (p < 0.001) and transforming growth factor beta (8.73±0.31) (p < 0.001). Renal morphological changes were assessed by estimating renal hypertrophy (7.38± 0.26) (p < 0.005) and renal collagen content (10.42± 0.48) (p < 0.001). Conclusions From the above findings, it can be said that diabetes-induced nephropathy may be associated with overexpression of CB1 receptors and blockade of CB1 receptors might be beneficial in ameliorating the diabetes-induced nephropathy. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease with Mitral Valve Prolapse and Mitral Annular Disjunction: Clinical and Functional Significance of the Coincidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nina C. Wunderlich ◽  
Siew Yen Ho ◽  
Nir Flint ◽  
Robert J. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Basal Portion

The morphological changes that occur in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) involve various components, ultimately leading to the impairment of mitral valve (MV) function. In this context, intrinsic mitral annular abnormalities are increasingly recognized, such as a mitral annular disjunction (MAD), a specific anatomical abnormality whereby there is a distinct separation between the mitral annulus and the left atrial wall and the basal portion of the posterolateral left ventricular myocardium. In recent years, several studies have suggested that MAD contributes to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral leaflets, and there is growing evidence that MAD is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In this review, the morphological characteristics of MAD and imaging tools for diagnosis will be described, and the clinical and functional aspects of the coincidence of MAD and myxomatous MVP will be discussed.

REACTION OF CD68-POSITIVE RAT LIVER AND SPLEEN CELLS ON SILICON INTAKE WITH DRINKING WATER

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Evgeniia A. Grigoreva ◽  
Valentina S. Gordova ◽  
Valentina E. Sergeeva ◽  
Alina T. Smorodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicon Compound ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.

HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN THE MENOPAUSE: A SUITABLE ANIMAL MODEL

1979 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIENNE PAPADAKI ◽  
J. O. W. BEILBY ◽  
JANINA CHOWANIEC ◽  
W. F. COULSON ◽  
A. J. DARBY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Oestrone Sulphate ◽  
Suitable Animal Model ◽  
Cellular Metabolic Activity

SUMMARY Female CBA mice, aged 11 months, were treated cyclically with oral ethynyl oestradiol or oestrone sulphate for 3 months. The ovaries of all animals appeared to be atrophied. Target tissues throughout the genital tract showed a response to both oestrogens. Electron microscopy of both the endometrium and the urothelium demonstrated morphological changes characteristic of increased cellular metabolic activity in the treated mice. Endometrial hyperplasia developed in both treatment groups but more pronounced epithelial changes occurred with oestrone sulphate. This hyperplasia was accompanied by a doubling in the number of uterine cytoplasmic oestrogen receptors. A 50% fall in serum levels of luteinizing hormone in the treated mice revealed that the hypothalamic-pituitary system was still intact. Both oestrogens improved skeletal balance by changes in cortical-endosteal bone remodelling. The results suggest that the CBA strain of mouse is a suitable model for the study of the human climacteric and its response to hormone replacement therapy.

scholarly journals The effects of supraphysiological supplementation of b-carotene in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR and SHR-sp)

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stênio Karlos Alvim Fiorelli ◽  
Lúcia Marques Vianna ◽  
Carlos Alberto Basílio de Oliveira ◽  
Rossano Kepler Alvim Fiorelli ◽  
Bernardo Cunha Senra Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

Objective: to investigate the effect of administration of supraphysiological âcaroteno on biological parameters (ectoscopy and blood pressure), laboratory (malondialdehyde) and histological (liver and carotid arteries) of spontaneously hypertensive rats prone to stroke (SHR-sp).Methods: we used 36 male rats were divided into three groups, each containing 12 rats Wistar, SHR and SHR-sp, subdivided into six control animals and six animals treated with supraphysiological doses of âcaroteno for two periods of ten weeks interspersed with one week interruption. In the experiment were assessed daily physical examination and blood pressure (plethysmography). At sacrifice, blood was collected for measurement of serum malondialdehyde, liver and carotid arteries for histological examination.Results: temporary change in color of the fur, decreased significantly (p<0.0001) blood pressure (20mg supplementation âcaroteno) and serum levels of malondialdehyde (p<0.05) and increased amount of elastic fibers in the carotid wall of SHR and SHR-sp.Conclusion: supplementation of supraphysiological âcaroteno caused no toxic effects, showed positive response in the modulation of blood pressure and lower serum malondialdehyde. No significant morphological changes were found in both groups, except an increase in the number of elastic fibers in the muscle layer carotid suggesting elastosis in SHR and SHR-sp.

scholarly journals The effect of cigarette smoking on serum levels of regulatory cytokines and molecules involved in atherogenesis during systemic treatment of psoriasis – results of a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Zdanowska ◽  
Agnieszka B. Owczarczyk-Saczonek ◽  
Joanna Czerwińska ◽  
Jacek J. Nowakowski ◽  
Anna Kozera-Żywczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Adalimumab Treatment ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

Introduction: Among the diseases associated with psoriasis linked to smoking are primarily cardiovascular diseases (including atherosclerosis) and metabolic syndrome. In addition, cigarette smoking also affects the effectiveness of systemic treatment of psoriasis. Aim: Assessment of the effect of cigarette smoking on biomarkers of atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis treated with methotrexate and adalimumab. Material and methods: The serum levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and anti-oxLDL antibodies, IL-10, IL-35, TGFß1, were assessed in 34 patients with psoriasis (15 smokers and 19 non-smokers), and 8 healthy, non-smoking volunteers. Results and discussion: Smoking patients had significantly higher body mass index, lower high density lipoprotein (HDL), higher risk of 10-year fatal cardiovascular disease, higher IL-10 levels and lower IL-35 levels at baseline compared to healthy, non-smoking volunteers. We observed decreases in IL-10, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and oxLDL levels during 12 weeks of methotrexate treatment and, a decrease in IL-35 during adalimumab treatment, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Conclusions: Our results indicate the need for a holistic approach to psoriasis treatment that includes lifestyle modifications like smoking cessation to slow the development of atherosclerosis and increase the possibility of improving skin lesions.

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