scholarly journals KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN dan TOKSISITAS ACAIBERRY (Euterpe oleracea), CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata) dan KURMA AJWA (Phoenix dactylifera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Helmi Rizal Helmi ◽  
Enny Yulianti ◽  
Ely Malihah ◽  
Nafisa Zulpa Elhapidi ◽  
Mietha Apriyanti Dewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Many ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Positive Results

Plants are a biodiversity that is always around us. Acaiberry (Euterpe oleracea) is a from South America’s plant, called a superfruit and is believed to smoothen the digestive tract, lose weight, prevent cardiovascular disease, have anti-inflammatory, antidepressant properties and can prevent the risk of cancer. Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) is a plant of tropical and subtropical areas. The stems, leaves, and roots of Ciplukan in Indonesia are used as antidiabetic drugs and the root ingredients are used for postpartum, muscle pain and hepatitis. Ciplukan can improve digestion, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, asthma, whooping cough, bronchitis, orchitis, ulcers, cancer, tumors, leukemia and diabetes. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) are a fruit with the most complete nutritional content, contain lots of energy (glucose, fructose), a little protein and fat, and contain vitamins and minerals. The content of tannins and magnesium in dates are anti-infective, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective. Objective: to determine the antioxidant capacity and toxicity of the three plants. This research needs to be developed considering the many benefits of these plants for life. Methodology: tests on methanol extracts of the three plants included phytochemical tests, antioxidant capacity using DPPH and toxicity using the BSLT method. Results and Conclussion: phytochemical tests carried out on 13 secondary metabolites showed positive results in the three plants, except that coumarins was not found in ciplukan. Acaiberry fruit has a very strong antioxidant capacity (IC50=17.36 µg/mL), ciplukan fruit with moderate strength (IC50=149.46 µg/mL) and dates with a very strong antioxidant capacity (IC50=26.14 µg/mL). These three plants have toxic toxicity with values of LC50=238.48 µg/mL (Acaiberry), LC50=208.82 mg/mL (Ciplukan) and LC50=126.610 µg/mL (Dates) Keywords: Acaiberry; ciplukan; ajwa dates; phytochemicals; antioxidant; BSLT AbstrakTumbuhan merupakan keanekaragaman hayati yang  selalu ada  di sekitar  kita. Acaiberry (Euterpe oleracea) merupakan tumbuhan yang berasal dari Amerika Selatan, disebut superfruit dan diyakini dapat memperlancar saluran pencernaan, menurunkan berat badan, mencegah penyakit kardiovaskular, bersifat anti-inflamasi, antidepresan dan bisa mencegah risiko terjadinya penyakit kanker. Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) merupakan tumbuhan daerah tropis dan subtropis. Batang, daun, dan akar Ciplukan di Indonesia digunakan sebagai obat antidiabetes dan ramuan akar digunakan untuk postpartum, nyeri otot dan hepatitis. Ciplukan dapat memperbaiki pencernaan, antiinflamasi, desinfektan, asma, batuk rejan, bronkitis, orkitis, bisul, kanker, tumor, leukemia dan kencing manis. Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) merupakan buah dengan kandungan gizi terlengkap, banyak mengandung energi (glukosa, fruktosa), sedikit protein, dan lemak, serta mengandung vitamin dan mineral. Kandungan tanin dan magnesium didalam kurma bersifat anti infeksi, anti inflamasi dan hepatoprotektif. Senyawa antioksidan dapat menghambat serta mencegah terjadinya kerusakan tubuh yang berakibat timbulnya penyakit degenerative. Oleh karena itu sumber-sumber antioksidan sangat diperlukan tubuh untuk mencegah kerusakan yang ditimbulkan oleh radikal bebas terhadap sel tubuh. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan kapasitas antioksidan dan toksisitas ketiga tumbuhan. Penelitian ini perlu dikembangkan mengingat banyaknya manfaat tumbuhan tersebut untuk kehidupan. Pengujian terhadap ekstrak metanol ketiga tumbuhan meliputi uji fitokimia, kapasitas antioksidan menggunakan DPPH dan toksisitas dengan metoda BSLT. Uji fitokimia yang dilakukan terhadap 13 senyawa metabolit sekunder menunjukkan hasil positif pada ketiga tumbuhan tersebut, kecuali kumarin tidak ditemukan pada Ciplukan. Buah Acaiberry memiliki kapasitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat (IC50=17,36 µg/mL), buah Ciplukan dengan kuat sedang (IC50=149,46 µg/mL) dan buah Kurma dengan kapasitas antioksidan sangat kuat (IC50=26,14 µg/mL). Ketiga tumbuhan ini memiliki toksisitas yang bersifat toksik dengan nilai LC50=238,48 µg/mL (Acaiberry), LC50=208,82 mg/mL (Ciplukan) dan LC50=126,610 g/mL (Kurma).

scholarly journals Assessment of the scientific evidence of the potential use of açaí (Euterpe oleracea, Mart.) in clinical outcomes: analysis with focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action

2014 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 026-032 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Figueiredo ◽  
I RC Biernet
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Acai Berry ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

ABSTRACTThe açaí berry (Euterpe oleracea, Mart.), fruit native to the Amazon region and explored mainly in the region of Pará, gained importance in recent years due to potential health benefits, associated with its phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity, related to its high content of flavonoids. Among these, anthocyanins are responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity of this fruit. Experimental studies show that due to its composition, the acai berry has antioxidant activity related to its ability to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its potential to inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Another benefit studied is the analysis of their effectiveness in the anti-inflammatory process, being observed inhibition of araquedônico acid-derived mediators, suggesting that the fruit can act in the chronic inflammatory process. Also it was possible to observe that the fruit may have anti-inflammatory effects in healthy patients. Thus, the supplementation of diets with use of acai berry could attenuate inflammation process and oxidative stress, today with more consistent evidence derived primarily from in vitro studies. However, there is still need for further studies to prove the action of this fruit in the mechanisms involved in these processes, isolation of specific compounds and determining their optimal dosage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Properties of Ethanolic Mint Extracts from Algeria on 7-Ketocholesterol-Treated Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatiha Brahmi ◽  
Thomas Nury ◽  
Meryam Debbabi ◽  
Samia Hadj-Ahmed ◽  
Amira Zarrouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The present study consisted in evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties of ethanolic extracts from three mint species (Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR)) with biochemical methods on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages (a transformed macrophage cell line isolated from ascites of BALB/c mice infected by the Abelson leukemia virus). The total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid contents were determined with spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activities were quantified with the Kit Radicaux Libres (KRLTM), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The MS extract showed the highest total phenolic content, and the highest antioxidant capacity, while the MR extract showed the lowest total phenolic content and the lowest antioxidant capacity. The cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were quantified on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with 7-ketocholesterol (7KC; 20 µg/mL: 50 µM) associated or not for 24 h and 48 h with ethanolic mint extracts used at different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg/mL). Under treatment with 7KC, an important inhibition of cell growth was revealed with the crystal violet test. This side effect was strongly attenuated in a dose dependent manner with the different ethanolic mint extracts, mainly at 48 h. The most important cytoprotective effect was observed with the MS extract. In addition, the effects of ethanolic mint extracts on cytokine secretion (Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1, Interferon (IFN)-ϒ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) were determined at 24 h on lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.2 µg/mL)-, 7KC (20 µg/mL)- and (7KC + LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Complex effects of mint extracts were observed on cytokine secretion. However, comparatively to LPS-treated cells, all the extracts strongly reduce IL-6 secretion and two of them (MP and MR) also decrease MCP-1 and TNF-α secretion. However, no anti-inflammatory effects were observed on 7KC- and (7KC + LPS)-treated cells. Altogether, these data bring new evidences on the potential benefits (especially antioxidant and cytoprotective properties) of Algerian mint on human health.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity and Chemical Characterization of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Fruit Fractions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Souza Ferreira ◽  
Alex Linardi Gomes ◽  
Marta Gomes da Silva ◽  
Adriana Barreto Alves ◽  
Wellington Hortenci Dall Agnol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

scholarly journals Wine, Resveratrol and Health: A Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl F. Guerrero ◽  
Maria C. García-Parrilla ◽  
Belén Puertas ◽  
Emma Cantos-Villar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Many ◽  
Stilbene Compounds ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Natural Component

Several studies have cited the Mediterranean diet as an example of healthy eating. In fact, the Mediterranean diet has become the reference diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Red wine seems to be an essential component of the diet, since moderate consumption of wine is associated with lower risk and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Evidence is also accumulating that wine helps prevent the development of certain cancers. Of all the many components of wine, resveratrol, which is a natural component specifically present in wine, has been identified as being mainly responsible for these health-promoting properties. Many valuable properties such as cardioprotective and anticarcinogenic activity have been attributed to resveratrol; however, its bioavailability is quite low. The bioactivity of metabolites derived from resveratrol, and the accumulation of resveratrol in vital organs are still under study, but there are high expectations of positive results. Other stilbene compounds are also considered in this review, despite being present in undetectable or very small quantities in wine. The present paper reviews all aspects of the health properties of wine, bioactive compounds found in wine, and their concentrations, bioavailability and possible synergistic effects.

scholarly journals Acai Extract Transiently Upregulates Erythropoietin by Inducing a Renal Hypoxic Condition in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Shibuya ◽  
Toshihiko Toda ◽  
Yusuke Ozawa ◽  
Mario Jose Villegas Yata ◽  
Takahiko Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. Then, we examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also transiently upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.

scholarly journals The Use of Hydrazones for Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Wahbeh ◽  
Sarah Milkowski
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Many

The use of hydrazones presents an opportunity for enhancing drug delivery through site-specific drug release, including areas such as tumor tissue or thrombosis. Many researchers are experimenting on how to more efficiently form these hydrazones, specifically using heat and chemical catalysts. Hydrazones respond on the pH environment or are synthesized with particular functional groups of the hydrazone and are two of the many unique features that allow for their programmed drug release. Their flexibility allows them to be relevant in a diverse range of applications, from anti-inflammatory to anticancer to acting as a chelating agent. This review paper discusses efficient ways to optimize the properties of hydrazones and their utilization in various clinical applications, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, the prevention of platelet aggregation, and roles as chelating agents.

scholarly journals Betulinic Acid Ameliorates the T-2 Toxin-Triggered Intestinal Impairment in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation and Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Chenxi Luo ◽  
Chenglong Huang ◽  
Lijuan Zhu ◽  
Li Kong ◽  
Zhihang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium, is widely distributed in crops and animal feed and frequently induces intestinal damage. Betulinic acid (BA), a plant-derived pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene, possesses potential immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological properties. The current study aimed to explore the protective effect and molecular mechanisms of BA on intestinal mucosal impairment provoked by acute exposure to T-2 toxin. Mice were intragastrically administered BA (0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg) daily for 2 weeks and then injected intraperitoneally with T-2 toxin (4 mg/kg) once to induce an intestinal impairment. BA pretreatment inhibited the loss of antioxidant capacity in the intestine of T-2 toxin-treated mice by elevating the levels of CAT, GSH-PX and GSH and reducing the accumulation of MDA. In addition, BA pretreatment alleviated the T-2 toxin-triggered intestinal immune barrier dysregulation by increasing the SIgA level in the intestine at dosages of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, increasing IgG and IgM levels in serum at dosages of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg and restoring the intestinal C3 and C4 levels at a dosage of 1 mg/kg. BA administration at a dosage of 1 mg/kg also improved the intestinal chemical barrier by decreasing the serum level of DAO. Moreover, BA pretreatment improved the intestinal physical barrier via boosting the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin mRNAs and restoring the morphology of intestinal villi that was altered by T-2 toxin. Furthermore, treatment with 1 mg/kg BA downregulated the expression of p-NF-κB and p-IκB-α proteins in the intestine, while all doses of BA suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNAs and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine expression of IL-10 mRNA in the intestine of T-2 toxin-exposed mice. BA was proposed to exert a protective effect on intestinal mucosal disruption in T-2 toxin-stimulated mice by enhancing the intestinal antioxidant capacity, inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and repairing intestinal mucosal barrier functions, which may be associated with BA-mediated inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway activation.

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