scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN RESUSITASI JANTUNG PARU PADA DEWASA MUDA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
David Limanan ◽  
Susy Olivia Lontoh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Age Range

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (RJP) is a useful rescue technique in an emergency. In Indonesia data on the level of CPR knowledge in the community, especially young adults are still minimal, so researchers are interested in knowing the level of CPR knowledge in young people, especially students. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge and the influence of online training on changes in the level of knowledge about CPR. Research that uses cross sectional descriptive research design to determine the level of knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and pre-test and post-test design to find out the difference in knowledge levels before being given intervention and after being given CPR knowledge intervention. The online CPR training activity was attended by 287 respondents, consisting of 63 men and 224 women. The age range that took part in this study was 16 years to 29 years, with the majority of respondents aged 18 years. The result of the average pretest score is 46.73 and the posttest average is 53.47. The statistical test showed that there was a significant difference between the respondents' pretest scores compared to the post-test scores (Wilcoxon, p=0.000). It can be concluded that there was an increase in the knowledge of participants who took part in the CPR training.Resusitasi jantung paru (RJP) merupakan teknik penyelamatan yang berguna dalam keadaan darurat. Di Indonesia data mengenai tingkat pengetahuan RJP pada masyarakat khususnya dewasa muda masih minim. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan resusitasi jantung paru  dan pengaruh training online terhadap perubahan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai RJP. Penelitian yang menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif cross sectional untuk menentukan gambaran tingkat pengetahuan resusitasi jantung paru dan pre-test and post-test design untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum diberikan intervensi dan sesudah diberikan intervensi pengetahuan RJP. Kegiatan pelatihan RJP daring diikuti oleh 287 responden, yang terdiri dari 63 laki-laki dan 224 perempuan. Rentang usia yang mengikuti penelitian ini adalah 16 tahun hingga 29 tahun, dengan responden terbanyak berusia 18 tahun. Hasil nilai rata-rata prestest sebesar 46.73 dan nilai rata-rata posttest adalah 53.47. Uji statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara nilai pretest responden dibanding nilai post test (Wilcoxon, p=0.000). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan peserta yang mengikuti pelatihan RJP.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary resuscitation level of knowledge among allied health university students in Jordan: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa O Oteir ◽  
Khader A Almhdawi ◽  
Saddam F Kanaan ◽  
Mahmoud T Alwidyan ◽  
Brett Williams
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Allied Health Professions ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Cpr Training

ObjectiveTo explore the level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge among allied health professions (AHPs) students and its associated factors.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study assessing CPR knowledge among AHP students. A multidisciplinary expert panel designed a survey, which then was piloted to 20 potential participants. The survey had two sections, including demographics and knowledge questions. Knowledge questions scores ranged from 0 to 10, where 10 indicates all questions were answered correctly.ResultsA total of 883 students completed the surveys and were included in the study. The mean age was 21 years (±1.6) and the majority were females (73.1%). A total of 693 (78.5%) students did not receive previous CPR training and the top barriers to receiving CPR training were unawareness of training opportunities and a lack of time. Participants had a mean CPR knowledge score of 3.9 (±1.7) out of 10 maximum potential points. Trained participants had a higher mean score compared with the untrained (4.6 (±1.6) vs 3.8 (±1.6), p<0.001). Previous training (adjusted β=0.6; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9; p<0.001) and being in the physical therapy programme (adjusted β=0.5; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8; p=0.01) were associated with higher knowledge.ConclusionThere is poor knowledge of CPR among AHP students including trained individuals. Efforts to increase the awareness of CPR should target students and professionals who are highly likely to encounter patients requiring CPR. Compulsory training courses, shorter training periods as well as recurrent and regular refreshing courses and use of various media devices are recommended.

scholarly journals IMPORTANCE OF BIRTH SPACING AMONG PRIMI POST NATAL MOTHERS

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 091-095
Author(s):  
J. Karpagam ◽  
D. Shangeetha
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract:The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching programme for importance of birth spacing among primi post natal mothers. An evaluate approach with one group pre test post test design was used for the study. 60 samples were selected using purposive sampling method. The present study was conducted in PSG Hospitals Coimbatore. The collected data wereanalyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge was found (t =27.94 , p<0.05). The study findings showed that educational programme has been an effective method of increasing the knowledge of the mothers. There was significant association between the level of knowledge and demographic variables such as age, educational status and type of family and there was no significant association between the level of knowledge and demographic variables such as religion and Occupation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Pasien Stroke dan Keluarga: Peran, Dukungan, dan Persiapan Perawatan Pasien Stroke di Rumah

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Cecep Eli Kosasih ◽  
Tetti Solehati ◽  
Chandra Isabela Purba
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
At Home

AbstractStroke patients face a number of problems that include physical, social, emotional, psychological, and spiritual which can cause a decrease in their well-being. Strengthening the role of the family, family support, and preparation for care by the family at home is needed. One effort is to increase the knowledge of stroke patients and families through health education. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on the knowledge of stroke patients and families on the role, support, and preparation of care at home. The research method used a quasi-experimental design with a one group pre-post test design. The study was conducted at Al Islam Bandung Hospital in 2018. Respondents consisted of 16 stroke patients and 16 stroke family families. The instrument uses a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results showed that before and after the intervention there were significant mean differences in the level of knowledge of patients from 7.94 to 10.38 (p = 0.002), but in the variable readiness of stroke patients there was no significant difference in average seen from the mean value of 14.25 became 15.88 (p = 0.411). In the patient's family, it was shown that before and after the intervention there was a significant of mean difference in the level of knowledge from 5.19 to 6.81 (p = 0.012). Conclusion: health education has been shown to be influential in increasing the level of knowledge of patients and their families regarding stroke, readiness, the role of family carers for stroke patients, psychological support, and preparation for the care of stroke patients at home. However,health education does not affect the level of readiness of stroke patients for transition. Suggestion: readiness to accept the transition in stroke patients is not enough only by health education alone but family participation is needed in providing support to these patients therefore it is recommended that nurses always support the family to support stroke patients. AbstrakPasien stroke menghadapi sejumlah masalah yang mencakup fisik, sosial, emosional, psikologis, dan spiritual yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kesejateraannya. Diperlukan penguatan peran keluarga, dukungan keluarga, serta persiapan perawatan oleh keluarga di rumah. Salah satu upayanya adalah dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan pasien stroke dan keluarga melalui edukasi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan pasien stroke dan keluarga akan peran, dukungan, dan persiapan perawatan. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan one group pre-post test design. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung pada tahun 2018. Responden terdiri dari 16 pasien stroke dan 16 keluarga pasien stroke. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebelum dan setelah intervensi terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan tingkat pengetahuan pasien dari 7,94 menjadi 10,38 (p = 0,002), tetapi pada variabel kesiapan  pasien stroke tidak  terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan terlihat dari rata-rata nilai 14,25 menjadi 15,88 (p = 0,411). Pada keluarga pasien menunjukan bahwa sebelum dan setelah intervensi terdapat perbedaan rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan yang signifikan dari 5,19 menjadi 6,81 (p = 0,012). Simpulan: edukasi kesehatan terbukti berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan pasien dan keluarganya mengenai stroke, kesiapan, peran keluarga pengasuh pasien stroke, dukungan psikologis, dan persiapan perawatan pasien stroke di rumah. Edukasi Kesehatan tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kesiapan pasien stroke untuk transisi. Saran : kesiapan untuk menerima transisi pada pasien stroke tidak cukup dengan edukasi kesehatan saja tapi diperlukan peran serta keluarga dalam memberikan dukungan kepada pasien tersebut oleh karena itu disarankan agar perawat selalu mensupport keluarga agar melakukan dukunganpada pasien stroke.

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Simulation versus Serious Game for Training Nursing Students in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zahra Farsi ◽  
Mahdieh Yazdani ◽  
Samantha Butler ◽  
Maryam Nezamzadeh ◽  
Jila Mirlashari
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cpr Training

Background. The proper implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial in saving patients. Purpose. This study was aimed at evaluating the difference in educating nursing students on CPR when using the traditional simulation training with a mannequin versus a more novel serious game training on the smartphone platform. Methods. This randomized control trial was conducted in 2018-2019. Through purposive sampling, 56 nursing students were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: a simulation-based CPR training, CPR training using a serious game on the smartphone platform, and a control group that received no CPR training. Each student was evaluated pre- and posttraining on CPR knowledge and skill. Results. Both the simulation and serious game training groups increased CPR abilities two weeks after training. The control group did not show improvement in skill or knowledge of CPR. The simulation and serious game intervention groups demonstrated better scores on the knowledge questionnaire and on the CPR skill demonstration in comparison to the control group. However, the simulation group and the serious game group showed no significant difference in knowledge ( 9.55 ± 2.81 vs. 7.77 ± 2.46 ; p = 0.065 ) or CPR skill demonstration ( 27.17 ± 2.81 vs. 25.72 ± 3.98 ; p = 0.988 ). The overall scores for CPR knowledge did not meet minimum expectations (70% score) in either the simulation (47.75%) or serious game (38.85%) group. However, both groups demonstrated adequate CPR skill on demonstration (simulation 87.64% and serious game 83.06%). Conclusions. Both the simulation and serious game training groups were found to increase CPR skill. CPR training would likely benefit from a multimodal approach to education.

scholarly journals Feedback to Receivers: Knowledge and Perception of Medical Students in a Public Sector Institute of a Developing Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Waqar Bhatti ◽  
Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi ◽  
Mehwish Kaneez ◽  
Javeria Awan ◽  
Rashid Naeem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Feedback Delivery

Background: The practice of effective feedback delivery in medical institutes of developing countries lags behind the modern principles of medical education. This demands the need to understand the students’ knowledge and perception regarding received feedback in the setting of a developing country. Aims: To assess the level of knowledge and perception of feedback among students. To find the correlation between knowledge and perception. To identify problematic areas in feedback delivery and provide recommendations for rectification. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Rawalpindi Medical University Pakistan, in which 480 medical students from 2nd till 5th-year MBBS were evaluated regarding their knowledge and perception about feedback using structured questionnaires. Results: The students had a good level of knowledge regarding The concept of feedback. However, they had a negative perception of the feedback given to them by their teachers. There was no correlation between mean knowledge and perception scores (r=-0.05, p = 0.272). There was a significant difference between knowledge (p=0.0004) and perception (p=0.02) scores across gender. The difference in mean knowledge scores across academic years was not significant (p=0.267) but this difference was significant for mean perception scores (p=0.001). Conclusion: Strategies should be adopted to incorporate feedback into the curriculum for improving the quality of medical education in a developing country.

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Knowledge on Practice regarding Partograph among Final Year Nursing Students at PPG College of Nursing, Coimbatore

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Hatlin Sugi. M
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Structured Teaching ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
College Of Nursing

Statement of The Problem: ‘Effectiveness Of Structured Teaching Programme On Knowledge And Knowledge On Practice Regarding Partograph Among Final Year Nursing Students At Ppg College Of Nursing, Coimbatore. Objectives of the study: 1) To assess the level of knowledge and knowledge on practice regarding Partograph among nursing students. 2) To implement structured teaching programme regarding Partograph. Among final year nursing students. 3) To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and knowledge on practice regarding Partograph 4) To find out the association between the knowledge and knowledge on practice of nursing students regarding Partograph with selected demographic variables. Methodology: Quasi- experimental, pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. Non-probability convenient sampling was used to select 60 samples. Structured questionaries and check list were used to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and knowledge on practice. The data gathered was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical method and interpretations were made based on the objectives of the study. Result: The post test for knowledge was 13.3. and post-test mean for knowledge on practice was 12.5. This result shows that there is an improvement in knowledge and knowledge on practice after the structured teaching programme. This is measured by the paired ‘t’ test. The ‘t’ value for knowledge is 19.18 and 14.17 is knowledge on practice with a significant at p <0.05so there was a significant difference between the overall pre-test and post-test knowledge and knowledge on practice in plotting the partograph.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN HASIL LATIHAN SENAM POCO-POCO OLAHRAGA MENGGUNAKAN METODE KONVENSIONAL DAN INSTRUKSIONAL SISWA LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUANDI SDN 75 KOTA BENGKULU

KINESTETIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Hidayah Mustika Canggih ◽  
Tono Sugihartono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Instructional Methods ◽  
Instructional Method ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perbedaan hasil Latihan penguasaan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga Menggunakan Metode Konvensional dan Instruksional Siswa Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan Di SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Sampel berjumlah 40 orang, dengan desain yang digunakan adalah two group Pre test-post test design. Instrumen penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Hasil Latihan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga menggunakan metode konvensional dan instruksional siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil peneliti ini diperoleh f-hitung 38.70 lebih besar dari f-tabel 2.86, artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari Hasil Latihan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga Menggunakan Metode Konvensional dan Instruksional Siswa Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan Di SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. Artinya dari kedua kelompok metode konvensional dan intruksional, metode intruksional adalah metode yang lebih baik. Pada kelompok metode konvensional dan intruksional siswa perempuan lebih baik dari pada siswa laki-laki. Siswa laki-laki metode intruksional lebih baik dari pada siswa laki-laki metode konvensional.Kata Kunci : Konvensional, Intruksional, Senam Poco-Poco OlahragaABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the difference results of exercise Poco-Poco Gymnastics Using Conventional Methods and Instructional Students Boys And Girls In SDN 75 Bengkulu City. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The sample is 40 people, with the design used is two group Pre test-post test design. The instrument of this research is to know the difference of Poco-Poco Gymnastic Exercise Result using conventional and instructional method of boys and girls students. Data analysis technique used ANOVA test. The result of this research is obtained f-count 38.70 bigger than f-table 2.86, meaning there is significant difference from Poco-Poco Sport Gymnastic Exercise Using Conventional and Instructional Method of Boys and Girls Students at SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. This means that from both groups of conventional and intruksional methods, the intruksional method is the better method. In the group of conventional and instructional methods Girls students are better than Boys students. Students Boys methods are better than conventional Boys students.Keywords: Conventional, Instructive, Poco-Poco Gymnastics Sport

scholarly journals The Barriers to the Success of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation from the Perspectives of Emergency Medical Services Providers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayob Akbari ◽  
Ahmad Nasiri ◽  
Mohammad Azim Mahmodi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Prehospital Emergency Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prehospital Emergency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cpr Training

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an integral part of prehospital emergency care. Addressing the barriers to successful CPR may help improve the quality of CPR in the future. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the barriers to successful CPR from the perspective of EMS providers. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from May 2015 to Jan 2016. One hundred sixty EMS providers who were employed at EMS affiliated to Birjand University of Medical Sciences (Iran) were selected through simple random sampling. To assess barriers to the success of CPR, data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire (60 questions) categorized in six subscales. Study data were analyzed by SPSS v.16, descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (t-test and ANOVA). Results: Among the subscales of barriers to successful CPR from the perspective of EMS providers, the EMS structure subscale was the most important (3.06 ± 0.38, out of a 0 - 4 range). In this subscale, public inaccessibility automated external defibrillator (AED) (3.59 ± 0.49) and Lack of telephone-CPR advice by the dispatcher (3.58 ± 0.55) were the most important barriers, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of barriers to successful CPR and educational status, which increased in EMS providers with BS degree (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference between the mean score of barriers to successful CPR compared to the other demographic characteristics of EMS providers (P > 0.05). Conclusions: EMS providers perceived public inaccessibility AED and Lack of telephone-CPR training as the most important barriers to success CPR in prehospital emergency care. Therefore, public access to AED must be emphasized to promote immediate response and improve CPR's outcome in EMS. Moreover, telephone-CPR training by dispatchers should be recommended to help increase the success of CPR.

scholarly journals Self-compassion training and psychological well-being of infertile female

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Afshani ◽  
Azade Abooei ◽  
Ali Mohamad Abdoli
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: The empowerment of psychological well-being is an important and fundamental issue among infertile females. Objective: The present study investigates the effect of teaching self-compassion on the psychological well-being of initial infertile women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test, 32 infertile women who were referred to the Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute during 2016-2017 were enrolled. The participants were randomly divided in two groups as control and experiment (n = 16/each). The participants only in the experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 min training (Self-Compassion Training). Ryff’s psychological well-being questionnaire was applied (reliability coefficient = 0.82) and covariance analysis statistical test was used to test the research hypothesis. Results: There was a significant difference between the estimated mean scores for improving the psychological well-being of the participants in the experiment and control groups (p = 0.007), and the difference indicates that 72.7% of the covariance of the post-test scores is due to self-compassion intervention. Therefore, the intervention of self-compassion training affects the improvement of psychological well-being among infertile women. Also, the pre-test variable is significant with the effect of 94.2% (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The findings showed that teaching self-compassion to initial infertile women has an effect on their psychological well-being. Key words: Psychological, Infertility, Female.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PASIEN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PEMBERIAN LEAFLET TENTANG CARA PENGGUNAAN DAN PENYIMPANAN OBAT TETES MATA DI APOTEK PERINTIS KURIPAN BANJARMASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Noverda Ayuchecaria ◽  
◽  
Sahena Nurzaqia ◽  
Nur Fitriani Ahdy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Data ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
And Storage

The use of eye drops must be as directed in order to obtain an optimal clinical outcome. The storage of eye drops should also receive special attention to ensure sterility. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the level of patient knowledge before and after giving leaflets. This is an experimental research one group pre test-post test design. Data were collected prospectively. The research was conducted at the Kuripan Perintis Pharmacy, Banjarmasin. The sample in this study amounted to 50 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The research sample received intervention giving leaflets about the use and storage of eye drops. The research data were displayed in percentage form and analyzed using different test. The results showed that the level of knowledge of respondents about how to use and store eye drops before giving leaflets was in good category 15 (30%); enough 21 (42%) and less (28%). While the level of knowledge of respondents after being given leaflets was in the good category 30 (60%); enough 13 (26%) and less 7 (14%). There was a significant difference between the level of knowledge of the respondents before and after being given the leaflet (p <0.05).

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