Green reactants act as natural precursor for facile synthesis of nanoparticles using Withania Somnifera

E Coli ◽

Ftir Studies ◽

Major Attention ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Natural Precursor

Nanotechnology includes physical and chemical approaches intended for their phytofabrication of metal nanoparticles. Most of the time, these methods are not as safe as these are associated with the utilization of extremely noxious and hazardous substances that produce biological problems. Due to their manifold applications, various biological methods are gaining admiration for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The utilization of vegetative parts in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) emerges as a commercial and ecological approach. The spectroscopic profile confirms the occurrence of a functional peak at 360 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies indicate that phenol groups are responsible for phytofabrication of NPs. The results of microbicidal screening confirm that broad spectrum of inhibition was found to be observed in 400 μL of biosynthesized AgNP against E. coli (23 mm) and B. cereus (22.3 mm) Therefore, the progress of simple photosynthesis methods avoid deleterious and harmful properties has fascinated major attention in this field.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles in Photosynthetic Plants

Journal of Nanoparticles ◽

10.1155/2014/963961 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 179

Author(s):

Ram Prasad

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Biological Science ◽

Present Review ◽

Synthesis Process ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Nanobiotechnology is emerging as a field of applied biological science and nanotechnology. Synthesis of nanoparticles is done by various physical and chemical methods but the biological methods are relatively simple, cost-effective, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly methods. The present review focuses on the synthesis of nanoparticles with special emphasis on the use of plants parts for the synthesis process, its applications, and future prospectus.

Biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) from citrus fruit have anti-bacterial activities

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84099-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ghalia Batool Alvi ◽

Muhammad Shahid Iqbal ◽

Mazen Mohammed Saeed Ghaith ◽

Abdul Haseeb ◽

Bilal Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Salt ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Selenium Nanoparticles ◽

Biological Synthesis ◽

E Coli ◽

Fruit Extracts ◽

AbstractNanotechnology deals with the synthesis of materials and particles at nanoscale with dimensions of 1–100 nm. Biological synthesis of nanoparticles, using microbes and plants, is the most proficient method in terms of ease of handling and reliability. Core objectives of this study were to synthesize metallic nanoparticles using selenium metal salt from citrus fruit extracts, their characterization and evaluation for antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microbes. In methodology, simple green method was implicated using sodium selenite salt solution and citrus fruit extracts of Grapefruit and Lemon as precursors for synthesizing nanoparticles. Brick red color of the solution indicated towards the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Nanoparticle’s initial characterization was done by UV–Vis Spectrophotometry and later FTIR analysis and DLS graphs via Zetasizer were obtained for the confirmation of different physical and chemical parameters of the nanoparticles. Different concentrations of SeNPs were used for antimicrobial testing against E. coli, M. luteus, B. subtilis and K. pneumoniae comparative with the standard antibiotic Ciprofloxacin. SeNPs possessed significant antimicrobial activities against all the bacterial pathogens used. Conclusively, SeNPs made from citrus fruits can act as potent antibacterial candidates.

Biodecomposition of Phenanthrene and Pyrene by a Genetically Engineered Escherichia coli

Recent Patents on Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1872208314666200128103513 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 121-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maryam Ahankoub ◽

Gashtasb Mardani ◽

Payam Ghasemi-Dehkordi ◽

Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi ◽

Abbas Doosti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

High Performance ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Hazardous Substances ◽

E Coli ◽

Spiked Soil ◽

Engineered Escherichia Coli ◽

Genetically Manipulated ◽

Hplc Measurement

Background: Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) can be used for bioremediation of the biological pollutants into nonhazardous or less-hazardous substances, at lower cost. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of these contaminants that associated with a risk of human cancer development. Genetically engineered E. coli that encoded catechol 2,3- dioxygenase (C230) was created and investigated its ability to biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soil using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurement. We revised patents documents relating to the use of GEMs for bioremediation. This approach have already been done in others studies although using other genes codifying for same catechol degradation approach. Objective: In this study, we investigated biodecomposition of phenanthrene and pyrene by a genetically engineered Escherichia coli. Methods: Briefly, following the cloning of C230 gene (nahH) into pUC18 vector and transformation into E. coli Top10F, the complementary tests, including catalase, oxidase and PCR were used as on isolated bacteria from spiked soil. Results: The results of HPLC measurement showed that in spiked soil containing engineered E. coli, biodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene comparing to autoclaved soil that inoculated by wild type of E. coli and normal soil group with natural microbial flora, were statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, catalase test was positive while the oxidase tests were negative. Conclusion: These findings indicated that genetically manipulated E. coli can provide an effective clean-up process on PAH compounds and it is useful for bioremediation of environmental pollution with petrochemical products.

Biomedical Applications and Patents on Metallic Nanoparticles

Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia ◽

10.2174/2210681210999200430005827 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Geetanjali Singh ◽

Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽

Rishabha Malviya

Keyword(s):

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Size Range ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Cancer Diagnosis And Therapy ◽

Aim/Objective: The author writes the manuscript by reviewing the literatures related to the biomedical application of metallic nanoparticles. The term metal nanoparticles are used to describe the nanosized metals with the dimension within the size range of 1-100 nm. Methods: The preparation of metallic nanoparticles and their application is an influential area for research. Among various physical and chemical methods (viz. chemical reduction, thermal decomposition, etc.) for synthesizing silver nanoparticles, biological methods have been suggested as possible eco-friendly alternatives. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is having many problems inclusive of solvent toxicity, the formation of hazardous byproducts and consumption of energy. So it is important to design eco-friendly benign procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Results: From the literature survey, we concluded that metallic nanoparticles have applications in the treatment of different diseases. Metallic nanoparticles are having a great advantage in the detection of cancer, diagnosis, and therapy. And it can also have properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-angiogenic. Conclusion: In this review, recent upcoming advancement of biomedical application of nanotechnology and their future challenges has been discussed.

Ultrafiltration Process in Disinfection and Advanced Treatment of Tertiary Treated Wastewater

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11030221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 221

Author(s):

Rafał Tytus Bray ◽

Katarzyna Jankowska ◽

Eliza Kulbat ◽

Aneta Łuczkiewicz ◽

Aleksandra Sokołowska

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Virus Particles ◽

E Coli ◽

The One ◽

The paper presents the results of research on the use of ultrafiltration, using membranes of 200 and 400 kDa separation, for disinfection of municipal treated wastewater. The research was conducted on a fractional technical scale using real municipal treated wastewater from two large wastewater treatment plants treating most of the wastewater over the one-million polycentric Gdańsk agglomeration (1.2 million inhabitants). UF 200 kDa and UF 400 kDa processes enabled further improvement of the physical and chemical parameters of treated wastewater. Total phosphorus (to below 0.2 mg/L–UF 200 kDa, 0.13 mg/L–UF 400 kDa) and turbid substances (to below 0.2 mg/L, both membranes) were removed in the highest degree. COD was reduced efficiently (to below 25.6 mgO2/L–UF 200 kDa, 26.8 mgO2/L–UF 400 kDa), while total nitrogen was removed to a small extent (to 7.12 mg/L–UF 200 kDa and 5.7 mg/L–UF 400 kDa. Based on the reduction of indicator bacteria; fecal coliforms including E. coli (FC) and fecal enterococci (FE) it was found that the ultrafiltration is an effective method of disinfection. Not much indicator bacterial were observed in the permeate after processes (UF 200 kDa; FC—5 CFU/L; FE—1 CFU/L and UF 400 kDa; FC—70 CFU/L; FE—10 CFU/L. However, microscopic analysis of prokaryotic cells and virus particles showed their presence after the application of both membrane types; TCN 3.0 × 102 cells/mL–UF 200 kDa, 5.0 × 103 cells/mL–UF 400 kDa, VP 1.0 × 105/mL. The presence of potentially pathogenic, highly infectious virus particles means that ultrafiltration cannot be considered a sufficient disinfection method for treated wastewater diverted for reuse or discharged from high load wastewater treatment plants to recreational areas. For full microbiological safety it would be advisable to apply an additional disinfection method (e.g., ozonation).

A Facile Synthesis and Studies of Some New Chalcones and Their Derivatives Based on Heterocyclic Ring

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2012/638452 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1897-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Solankee ◽

K. Patel ◽

R. Patel

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽

Heterocyclic Ring ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Facile Synthesis ◽

Phenyl Hydrazine ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Heterocyclic Aldehydes ◽

Broth Dilution

Chalcones(6a-f)have been prepared by the condensation of ketone(5)and different aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes. These chalcones(6a-f)on treatment with guanidine hydrochloride and phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride in presence of alkali give aminopyrimidines(7a-f)and phenylpyrazolines(8a-f)respectively. All the newly synthesized compounds have been characterized on the basis of IR,1HNMR spectral data as well as physical data. Antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration MIC) against Gram-positiveS. aureusMTCC 96 andS. pyogeneusMTCC 442 and Gram-negativeP. aeruginosaMTCC 1688 andE. coliMTCC 443 bacteria, as well as antifungal acivities (MIC) againstC. albicansMTCC 227,A. nigerMTCC 282 andA. clavatusMTCC 1323 were determined by broth dilution method.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Anagalis arvensis and Their Biomedical Applications

10.20944/preprints201809.0282.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mohib Shah ◽

Natasha Anwar ◽

Samreen Saleem ◽

Iqbal Munir ◽

Niaz Ali Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Spherical Shape ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

The Stability ◽

Average Size ◽

Biological Methods

Background. Nanotechnology is promising field for generating new applications. A green synthesis of nanoparticles through biological methods using plant extract have a reliable and ecofriendly approach to improve our global environment. Methods. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous extract of Anagalis arvensis L and silver nitrate and were physicochemically characterized. Results. The stability of AgNPs toward acidity, alkalinity, salinity and temperature showed that they remained stable at room temperature for more than two months. The SEM and TEM analysis of the AgNPs showed that they have a uniform spherical shape with an average size in the range of 40–78 nm. Further 1-Dibhenyl-2-Picrylhydrazl radical in Anagalis arvensis L.mediated AgNPs showed a maximum activity of 98% at concentration of 200μg/mL. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay in Anagalis arvensis L. mediated AgNPs showed a maximum activity of 85% at concentration of 200μg/mL. Reducing power of Anagalis arvensis L.Ag NPs exhibited a higher activity of 330 μg/mL at concentration of 200 μg/mL. These NPs have cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) nauplii with a value of 53% LD 178.04μg/mL. Conclusion. The AgNPs synthesized using Anagalis arvensis L. extract demonstrate a broad range of applications.

The Biological methods of selenium nanoparticles synthesis, their characteristics and properties

145 - Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva ◽

10.33245/2310-9289-2020-158-2-6-20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 6-20

Author(s):

O. Tsehmistrenko

Keyword(s):

Metal Ions ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Production Optimization ◽

Total Charge ◽

Coating Agent ◽

Biological Methods

Nanotechnologies have an impact on every sphere of life, change approaches to environmental recovery, introduce new methods of disease analysis and prevention, treatment, drug delivery and gene therapy, affect the provision of environmentally friendly alternative energy sources, increase crop yields, animal and poultry productivity. Physical, chemical, biological methods of synthesis of nanoparticles, selenium in particular, their properties and the factors participating in reduction of metal ions to nanoparticles are considered. Limitations of nanoparticle synthesis inherent in the biological method (identification and isolation of bioactive fragment responsible for biomineralization of metal ions, analysis of ways to develop individual nanoparticles) and factors contributing to the intensification of nanoparticle production (optimization of pH, temperature, contact time, mixing degree) changes in the total charge of functional organic molecules on the cell wall). It has been proved that these factors affect the size, morphology, composition of nanoparticles and their efficiency during the synthesis. The model of green synthesis with the use of physicochemical means and their biomedical applications have been summarized. There are organisms used for the synthesis of NPs - terrestrial and marine bacteria, bacterial extracellular polymeric substances as bioreductants, fungi, yeast, algae, viruses, microorganisms. It has been demonstrated the biochemical ways of microorganisms in order to fight the toxicity of metals during the synthesis of nanoproducts and the factors that determine the toxicity of metals that are converted into nanoparticles (size, shape, coating agent, nanoparticle density and type of pathogen). The biological role of selenium and features of its influence on an organism in a nanoscale scale are shown. Key words: nanotechnologies, nanoselenium, bacteria, green synthesis, enzymes.

Molecular typing of Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 (H−) isolates from cattle in Japan

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268899002198 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 122 (2) ◽

pp. 337-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. AKIBA ◽

T. MASUDA ◽

T. SAMESHIMA ◽

K. KATSUDA ◽

M. NAKAZAWA

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Molecular Typing ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

Outbreak Strain ◽

Pulsed Field ◽

E Coli ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Pfge Profiles

A total of 77 Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 (H−) isolates from cattle in Japan were investigated by molecular biological methods. Most of these isolates (43 isolates) possessed the stx2 gene, but not stx1. Fifteen bacteriophage types and 50 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles were observed. One isolate was indistinguishable from the human outbreak strain by these methods. This indicates that cattle must be considered as a possible source of human E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 infection in Japan.