scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEMANDIRIAN DENGAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNIS BEKERJA PEMUDA TANI PEDESAAN

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muksin Muksin ◽  
Amri Jahi ◽  
Margono Slamet ◽  
Djoko Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Youth Group ◽  
Technical Ability ◽  
Work Autonomy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Extension Program

This research objectives are: (1) to describe characteristics of work autonomy of the farmer youth, (2) to describe technical ability of work, and (3) to analyze relation of work autonomy and technical ability of work. The technique of data collection is using cluster sampling. The number respondent are 251 of youths. The data analysis used descreptive and Chi square analysis. The research results were: The technical ability of farmer youth are lower than youth group that have non agricultural’s job. There are importance to develop Farmer youth technical ability with sistematically process, facilitation and support from the government. Hence, it is suggested to have sound planning and action in agricultural extension program to motivate and enhance the farmer’s youth to get involve in agricultural activities development.

Analysis of Media Use Preferences among Coconut Farmers in Western Zone of Lagos State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
O Bolarin ◽  
C.C Mogor
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The study investigated the media use preference among coconut farmers in the western zone of Lagos state, Nigeria. A total number of 120 coconut farmers were selected for the study. Data were collected with the use of interview schedule and analyzed with frequency count, percentage, mean and Chi-square statistics. The usage mean rank showed that mobile phone (mean=4.49), radio (mean=4.47) and television (mean=4.09) were ranked first, second and third respectively. The highest ranked preferred media were radio (mean=4.63), agricultural extension officers (mean=4.43) and fellow farmers (mean=4.36). Chi-square analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the coconut farmers’ media preference and their socio-economic characteristics. The study conclude that mobile phone, radio and television are the most frequently used media by coconut farmers in the study area. The study further averred that coconut farmers preferred radio, agricultural extension officers, television, family and friends as a medium of communication. The government and non-governmental organizations should intensify the dissemination of information to the coconut farmers using media such as radio, agricultural extension officers, television since that is the most preferred media. Keywords: Preference, Radio, Television, Mobile phone, Agricultural extension

scholarly journals The Impact of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) on Sustainable Development Projects in Katsina Metropolis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naseer Babangida Muazu ◽  
Abubakar Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Nigeria is facing profound social, economic and environmental impact of population growth, development and environmental constraints. It is apparent that government alone has limited capacity to deal with all these problems. NGOs being one of the most effective partners have been playing supportive roles with the government, in some cases, they are considered more effective to get attached with the grass root level developmental initiatives. However, despite the role NGOs played, their presence and impact is not fully evaluated, recognized and appreciated by many governments and community members. It is for this reason this article attempts to examine whether projects executed by NGOs have any impact on sustainable development in Katsina Metropolis, given special emphasis on projects that dealt with environmental protection, poverty alleviation and health care services. The study further look at whether efficiency of NGOs officials has any impact on success of sustainable development projects execution.  A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 150 NGOs beneficiaries in five (5) selected political wards of twelve (12) in Katsina metropolis. Interviews was used to collect relevant data using a structured questionnaire from NGOs officials which include; development officers and facilitators in five (5) selected NGO offices operating in Katsina Metropolis namely; Save the Children, Service to Humanity Foundation, Murna Foundation, Katsina Friends of Environment and Makudawa Skills Acquisition. Frequency and chi-square analysis was used to present the results. The findings revealed that NGOs are complementing government efforts towards achieving sustainable development through their projects, and efficiency of NGOs officials has significant impact on success of sustainable development projects executed in the area. The findings of the study can benefit government and NGOs in creating more areas of collaboration in order to achieve sustainable development.

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Change on Fish Production among Rural Fishing Households in Delta State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407
Author(s):  
Emaziye, P.O
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
School Level ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Climatic Impacts ◽  
The Government ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The major aim of the study was to examine the climatic impacts on rural fishing households. Data were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square analysis model. Multi-stage sampling techniques were adopted in the purposive selection of 45 rural fishing households. Most respondents were aged with large household size and male-headed households. Respondents were mostly married to a secondary school level of education. Respondents were dominated with low annual income indicating poverty which resulted from climatic effects. Flooding was severe that destroyed the rural fishing business resulting in critical climatic impacts. Short term relief measures should be given by the government and donor agencies to easy to agonies of rural fishing households. Keywords: Climate change, fish, impacts, households production.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) in Input Delivery in Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibitunde Ibidun Olatohun ◽  
Farinde Akinloye Jimoh ◽  
Adereti Francis Oke
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The study identified the problems of access to inputs by the small-scale farmers; and analyzed the structure and operations of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) on input supply to small-scale farmers in Southwestern Nigeria with the view to investigate the effectiveness of GESS in South western Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting 420 GESS farmers. The interview schedule was used to collect data which were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis to test the hypothesis. Results showed that the mean age of the small-scale farmers was 49.57±10.49 years and a high level, 75.70 per cent were males. A higher percentage (55.80%) showed a high level of identified problems of access to inputs. Analysis of the structure and operations of GESS on input supply showed that GESS was structured and operated by the government among the various stakeholders using the top-down approach. Out of the nineteen GESS effectiveness indicators, none was effective at solving the problems of inputs delivery to the respondents. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between the effectiveness of GESS and respondents' sex (χ2=46.159; p≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis showed a negative and significant relationship between the effectiveness of GESS and identified problems of access to inputs (r=-0.214, p≤0.001). It was concluded that GESS recorded a low level of effectiveness of GESS in the study area as a result of the high level of identified problems of access to agricultural inputs through GESS. The study therefore recommends that there should be better orientation for future likely programmes and a reorientation of the farmers about the GESS in which there will be more extensive sensitization and enlightenment, especially at the grassroots level, also that quantity of input supply be increased and that more inclusive participatory approach instead of top-down approach should be adopted for planning, execution and evaluation of the GESS programme.

scholarly journals Factors associated with knowledge about the health effects of exposure to secondhand smoke among youth in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3273
Author(s):  
Rabeya Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Background: Despite the high prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among Bangladeshi adults, little is known about the knowledge regarding the health effects of exposure to secondhand smoke among the youth aged 15-24 years in Bangladesh. Against this background, the present study was conducted among the youth in Bangladesh to ascertain their levels of knowledge regarding health effects of secondhand smoke and its associated factors.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 656 respondents between the age of 15-24 years old selected by multistage cluster sampling. This study was conducted in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Data was analyzed using Chi square testing and multivariate logistic regression.Results: The proportion of good, average and poor knowledge scores among respondents were 30.5%, 50.0% and 19.5% respectively. Age and education were significant independent predictors of good knowledge. Furthermore, education and gender were tended as independent predictor of average knowledge. OR for age: 1.12 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.25); OR for education: 1.27 (95% CI: 1.15 to 1.40).Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study found that less than one-third of the youth had a good level of knowledge on secondhand smoke health effects. The government needs to focus more on less-educated individuals and adolescents if a successful policy is to be implemented.

scholarly journals Assessment of Extension Officers Contribution to Cocoa Production in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128
Author(s):  
O.S. Oke ◽  
M.O. Nosiru ◽  
A.A. Ogunbela ◽  
J.T. Marizu ◽  
M.O. Lawah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This study was carried out to evaluate the extension officer contribution to cocoa production in Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used, where two hundred and sixteen questionnaires were distributed in Osun and Ondo state , the information gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistic such as; frequency and percentage, while chi-square analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. From the results, married (77.6%),  male (84.0%), secondary school holders (52.0%), between 40-49 (34.4%) years old farmers were seen as the highest cocoa producers. Extension training(64.0%), commercial agents(64.0%), fellowship(52.8%), self observation(76.0%) were the best source of information on extension service of cocoa farming , most respondents (65.0%); get extension training programme at regular basis, identified Constraints facing cocoa production in the study area includes deficient credit facilities, high cost of labour, bad road, poor marketing/storage facilities, lack of technical knowledge / assess to technical tools and so on. in view of afore mentioned result it is therefore recommended that the government should make loan available to the cocoa famers at very low interest rate and urge cocoa farmers to form cooperative society, strengthen their agricultural extension agents so that they will be able to rain cocoa farmers on the basic things they should know about primary processing such as fermentation and drying of cocoa beans in improving the quality in Nigeria to meet international market. Keywords: Assessment, Extension officer, Contribution, Farmers, Cocoa production

scholarly journals Assessment of crop farmers coping strategies to pastoralism/nomad activities in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Kayode Samuel Obaniyi ◽  
Ayorinde Kolawole ◽  
Abiodun Ajala ◽  
Abigail Adeyonu ◽  
Adedayo Oguntade
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Coping

AbstractThis study examined the coping strategies of crop farmers to pastoralist activities in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 farmers. The data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire and interview and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result revealed various levels of damage caused to food security by the pastoralist as follows: compaction of soil (84%), damage and eating of the crops on the field (79%), indiscriminate bush burning leading to fire outbreak on farms (73%), stealing of farm produce by herders (73%), pollution of water points (54%), killing of farmers (13%) and others. The result further revealed the coping strategies used by crop farmers: praying for peace (98%), early harvesting (95%), early planting (92%), multiple farm plots (91%), group farming (90%), relocating farm (77%), police intervention (60%), government intervention (9%), NGO intervention (9%) and insurance (4.2%). The results of Chi-square analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the educational status (X2 = 13.06, P = 0.01) and coping strategies used against pastoralist activities. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.

scholarly journals Awareness and Adherence to Government Guidelines on Physical Activity by American Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1293-1293
Author(s):  
Teresia Mbogori
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objectives U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provides physical activity guidelines for Americans. Current guidelines recommend at least 30–60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity 5 days a week. This level of physical activity is associated with reduction of many adverse health outcomes. This study sought to investigate the awareness and adherence to these guidelines by adults in the United States. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-5 Cycle 3), a nationally-representative survey administered by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Data were collected between January and May 2019 among 5438 adults. Participants were asked if they were aware of government guidelines on physical activity, where they had heard this information and the action they took. In addition, participants were asked the number of days in a week they were physically active or exercised and for how long. Descriptive and Chi square statistics were used to determine the level of awareness and adherence to physical activity guidelines and the relationship between awareness and actions taken. Results About 36% of the participants stated that they had not heard about government recommendations on physical activity. 46% stated that they heard about the guidelines but did not make any changes to their physical activity routine while 5.3% stated that they increased their physical activity. Sources of this information were, television (34%), social media or internet (25%), health professionals or doctor (24%), and magazines (19%). About 54% of the participants reported that they were physically active 3 or more days per week while 26% stated that they did no physical activity. About 68.4% of those who reported exercising did so for 30–60 minutes while 15% exercised for more than 60 minutes per day. Chi square analysis showed that a higher percentage of those who reported not exercising at all also reported that they had not heard about the government recommendations of physical activity (X2 = 29.6; P < 0.0001). Conclusions There still remains a considerable section of the population that is not aware of the government guidelines on physical activity. There is need for continued public education on the benefits of physical activity and the amount of physical activity that is likely to result in such benefits. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals The Performance of Agricultural Extension Workers on Empowerment and Independent Smallholder Farmer in Riau Province, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Rosnita Rosnita ◽  
Roza Yulida ◽  
Novia Dewi ◽  
Arifudin Arifudin ◽  
Yulia Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Extension Program

The difference between the production and productivity of smallholders with private estates describe that the extension is still not carry out the role of extension in accordance with Act No 16 of 2006 or that known as SP3K. This will certainly have an impact on performance and memandirikan educator in empowering farmers. Performance can be seen how the extension educator preparation, implementation and evaluation and reporting on the role of counseling was run. The limited number of extension workers to meet one on one village extension will result in the workload becomes larger extension. This study aims to analyze: (1) The performance of agricultural extension; (2) The level of farmer empowerment, and (3) Independence of farmers in the cultivation of rubber and oil palm. Research methods using ex post facto, (analyze and assess the factual events that occurred on the field), with a sample of 240 farmers (120 smallholders and 120 rubber farmers from four districts in Riau province. Analysis using the Scale Likert’s Summated Rating (SLR). The results of the study illustrate that the extension has been conducting outreach with good especially in preparatory education. Activities undertaken have made quite helpless farmers, but farmers still unable to act independently plantations in doing farming oil palm and rubber. Based on our research, it is suggested extension workers to improve their performance in the extension program, for farmers to improve the quality of human resources and productive economic business for rubber and oil palm commodities, and the government should make efforts to improve the farmers’ marketing institutions to reduce the dependence of farmers on toke.

scholarly journals Gender Issue in Transportation Sector of Nigeria: A Case Study of Lokoja, Kogi State

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Shaibu Hasssan Richard ◽  
Emmanuel Okokondem Okon
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
National Union ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Transport Worker ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

This paper aimed at finding out what constraint women in transport sector in Lokoja and why employers are reluctant in employing women in the sector? The null hypothesis is that women constraints have no significant effect in transportation sector in Lokoja. Information for the paper was basically from the questionnaire survey method Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, simple percentages and graphical illustrations. Chi-square analysis was used to test the formulated hypothesis. The result reveals that women constraints have significant effect in transportation sector in Lokoja. Transport business in Lokoja is so dominated by male counterpart and yet some routes are not adequately covered. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is recommended that social attitude in Lokoja, Kogi state and Nigeria in general should be changed in favour of women employment in transport sector. The government of Kogi state should establish driving schools and transport scheme meant to enhance the livelihood of women. The National Union of Road Transport Worker (NURTW) should encourage women to invest in the sector.

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