scholarly journals Transesterificación de aceite de palma (Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleífera) empleando catalizadores ácidos heterogéneos y agitación ultrasónica

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. e21111287
Author(s):  
Alfonso E. Ramírez ◽  
Yudi C. Imbachí ◽  
Cristian D. Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

En este estudio se reportan los resultados de la transesterificación del aceite de palma (Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleífera) utilizando catalizadores ácidos heterogéneos como la zirconia sulfatada (ZS), óxido de grafeno lfonado (OGrS), Amberlyst 15 (A15) y zeolita beta (Zβ)ueron caracterizados mediante el uso de difracción de rayos X, área superficial, y acidez de Brønsted - Lewis. Se evaluaron parámetros de reacción tales como: temperatura, tiempo de reacción, el porcentaje en peso de carga de catalizador y la relación molar de aceite metanol para la producción de biodiesel. Adicionalmente, se comparó la agitación mecánica y la ultrasónicadonde la segunda fue el medio de agitación más eficiente. Los mejores porcentajes de rendimiento de reacción fueron obtenidos empleando 40ºC de temperatura, 4 horas de reacción, 3% en peso del catalizador respecto al volumen total de la mezcla, una relación molar 1:30 de aceite de palma: metanol y agitación ultrasónica. En cuanto a la estabilidad de los catalizadores, se evaluó el rendimiento de la reacción con la reutilización, en donde los sólidos ZS y OGrS disminuyeron 8 % y 35 %, mientras que con A15 y Zβ, se redujo a 25 % y 5 % respectivamente.

VEGETATIVE AND BUNCH COMPONENTS OF FIRST PSEUDOBACKCROSS OF Elaeis oleifera BRAZIL AND SURINAME ORIGIN IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Heri Adriwan Siregar ◽  
Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi ◽  
Retno Diah Setiowati ◽  
Edy Suprianto
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Almost All ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Hybrid Cross

An Attempt to combine the superior traits of Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis have been done through an interspecific hybrid cross and followed by pseudo-backcross 1 (pBC1). Observation of vegetative morphology and bunch components are presented in this paper. Two populations of pBC1 E. oleifera from the Suriname and Brazil origin were planted in 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2005, and were intensively observed for vegetative morphological properties and bunch components in November 2016 to February 2018. The results showed that almost all the individuals of pBC1 grew upright such as E. guineensis, no longer growing horizontally like the wild E. oleifera and the interspecific hybrid populations. The datas showed that the Suriname population plant architecture are compact or smaller than the Brazilian origin including the height increment and the size of the stem, the frond architecture and its components. Similarly, the bunch components show that the pBC1 Brazil is slightly superior to Suriname pBC1.

Crude palm oil from interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera×Elaeis guineensis: Fatty acid regiodistribution and molecular species of glycerides

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Mozzon ◽  
Deborah Pacetti ◽  
Paolo Lucci ◽  
Michele Balzano ◽  
Natale Giuseppe Frega
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterization of bunches from American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera H.B.K. Cortes) and their hybrids with African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Chaves ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Ligarreto- Moreno ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayon-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽  
African Oil Palm

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis comparativo de las características físicas y químicas de racimos de genotipos de Elaeis oleifera y de sus híbridos interespecíficos OxG con Elaeis guineensis, determinando los componentes y el potencial del aceite del racimo, y la calidad de los aceites, analizando el contenido de ácidos grasos, vitamina E y carotenos. En el estudio se utilizaron racimos provenientes de inflorescencias sin polinización asistida con la presencia perimetral de E. guineensis. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres unidades experimentales, cada una conformada por tres racimos. Los mayores cuajados del fruto se encontraron en el genotipo de E. oleifera Sinú (76,53 %) y el híbrido OxG II (72,64 %). Los potenciales de extracción de aceite fueron superiores en los materiales híbridos OxG destacándose el II (20,82 %). Las palmas E. oleifera presentaron mejores perfiles de ácidos grasos, destacándose los materiales del genotipo Sinú (79,1 % de ácidos grasos insaturados) y los del híbrido II (70,2 %). Para el contenido de vitamina E se confirmó la alta calidad del aceite de los materiales de E. oleifera, sobresaliendo el genotipo Coarí (1.006,7 ppm) y el híbrido II (1.549,6 ppm); el material del genotipo Sinú registró el mayor contenido de carotenos totales (1.524,7 ppm).

scholarly journals DINÁMICA POBLACIONAL DE INSECTOS POLINIZADORES INTRODUCIDOS EN PALMA OLEÍFERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Gualoto ◽  
Sandra Garcés ◽  
Mercedes Navarrete ◽  
Digner Ortega ◽  
Jorge Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

Las poblaciones de material genético silvestre de palmas oleífera (Elaeis oleifera H. B. K.) presentan resistencia o tolerancia a la anomalía Pudrición del Cogollo, mismas que son útiles para cruzar con la especie Elaeis guineensis y aumentar la resistencia a esta enfermedad. En esta investigación se utilizaron claves taxonómicas a fin de identificar insectos polinizadores introducidos en palmas oleíferas y determinar su fluctuación poblacional en la zona de La Concordia, Ecuador. Se colocaron trampas de color amarillo (11 cm x 3 cm) cubiertas de pegante, ubicadas en los estratos alto, medio y bajo de las inflorescencias masculinas y femeninas en estado de antesis. Se registró el número de insectos polinizadores capturados, precipitación y temperatura media mensual en el año de muestreo (2014). El género con mayor cantidad de insectos capturados fue Mystrops sp (49,6 %); seguido de Couturierius sp (28,98 %) y de Grasidius hybridus (21,42 %). Se contabilizaron en total 5 780 insectos capturados, donde el 57,85 % de la población se localizó en las inflorescencias masculinas en estado de antesis (IMA) y el 42,15 % en las inflorescencias femeninas en antesis (IFA). El número de individuos de Mystrops sp fue mayor en el estrato medio de las inflorescencias masculinas en enero, octubre y septiembre; al igual que Couturierius sp en septiembre, octubre y diciembre; mientras que Grasidius hybridus tuvo mayor presencia en el estrato alto de las inflorescencias femeninas en abril y junio. La baja precipitación causó disminución en la población de Grasidius hybridus. Las especies Grasidius hybridus, Couturierius sp y Mystrosp sp se han establecido en la zona de estudio.

scholarly journals Impacts of the dry season on the gas exchange of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis) progenies under field conditions in eastern Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristihian Jarri Bayona-Rodríguez ◽  
Iván Ochoa-Cadavid ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Photosyn Thesis

Elaeis guineensis palms and its interspecific hybrid (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) were planted in 2004 in the Cuernavaca farm of Unipalma S.A., located in the municipality of Paratebueno (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The palms were planted in two fields: Mecasaragua and Aurora. The first field has never been irrigated, and the second one (Aurora) has always been flood-irrigated during the dry season according to the parameters of the plantation. In this study, physiological parameters (gas exchange and water potential) were assessed in three seasons of the year 2013 (dry season, dry-to-wet transition season and wet season). Significant gas exchange differences were found among the seasons in the field with no irrigation (Mecasaragua). Likewise, differences between the genetic materials were observed during the dry season. For example, the photosyn thesis decreased by 75% compared with the palms planted in the irrigated field. No differences among seasons or materials were found in the irrigated field (Aurora). E. guineensis palms were more sensitive to water stress compared with the OxG interspecific hybrid. Both genetic materials responded rapidly to the first rains by leveling their photosynthetic rates and demonstrated an excellent capacity to recover from water stress.

scholarly journals Phenology of the oil palm interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Hormaza ◽  
Eloina Mesa Fuquen ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

scholarly journals Current Knowledge on Interspecific Hybrid Palm Oils as Food and Food Ingredient

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Massimo Mozzon ◽  
Roberta Foligni ◽  
Cinzia Mannozzi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

The consumers’ opinion concerning conventional palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil is negatively affected by environmental and nutritional issues. However, oils extracted from drupes of interspecific hybrids Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis are getting more and more interest, due to their chemical and nutritional properties. Unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) are the most abundant constituents (60%–80% of total fatty acids) of hybrid palm oil (HPO) and are mainly acylated in position sn-2 of the glycerol backbone. Carotenes and tocotrienols are the most interesting components of the unsaponifiable matter, even if their amount in crude oils varies greatly. The Codex Committee on Fats and Oils recently provided HPO the “dignity” of codified fat substance for human consumption and defined the physical and chemical parameters for genuine crude oils. However, only few researches have been conducted to date on the functional and technological properties of HPO, thus limiting its utilization in food industry. Recent studies on the nutritional effects of HPO softened the initial enthusiasm about the “tropical equivalent of olive oil”, suggesting that the overconsumption of HPO in the most-consumed processed foods should be carefully monitored.

OIL PALM BUD ROT IN LATIN AMERICA

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DE FRANQUEVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Holding Back

In South and Central America, tens of thousands of hectares of oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) are affected by bud-rot types of disease. Having destroyed entire estates in Panama, Colombia, Suriname, Brazil and Ecuador, they are holding back the development of oil palm cultivation in Latin America. The cause is unknown. Indeed, 30 years after these diseases first wreaked havoc on a large scale, it is still not known whether we are dealing with one or more diseases of infectious origin, or with a physiological disorder. Despite lengthy research launched in the early 1980s, no pathogens or insect vectors have been clearly identified. At present, genetics look likely to offer a solution in the medium- to long term, using traits of resistance transmitted by the native species on the American continent, Elaeis oleifera, to the interspecific hybrid E. oleifera×E. guineensis.

scholarly journals The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
TENGKU IMAM SAPUTRA ◽  
ROBERDI ROBERDI ◽  
YOGO ADHI NUGROHO ◽  
WULAN ARTUTININGSIH ◽  
OLIVIA S. PURBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Snp Discovery ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Genotype Model

Abstract. Saputra TI, Roberdi, Nugroho YA, Artutiningsih W, Purba OS, Maryanto SD, Yono D, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2021. The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm. Biodiversitas 22: 3356-3362. The unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker is a useful tool for detecting of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The objectives of this study were to develop UP-HRM markers to differentiate specific SNPs patterns on oil palm. The marker was developed and tested with Elaeis guineensis (Eg), Elaeis oleifera (Eo), Eo x Eg (hybrid), and was validated with 53 individuals of BC1F1 populations ((Eo x Eg) x Eg). Four UP-HRM markers were developed based on 2 SNPs in the stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein 9-desaturase (EgSAD), 1 SNP in the auxin-responsive protein IAA27-like (EgIAA27), and 1 SNP in the 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (EgACC) genes. The SNP discovery result showed that Eg was represented a reference homozygote genotype, while Eo was represented as an alternative homozygote genotype and the Eo x Eg hybrid was represented as a heterozygote genotype in all genes. The typical UP-HRM melt curve graph was successfully generated. This result was consistent with each genotype model for all four markers. The UP-HRM markers can distinguish each genotype according to the single-pass sequencing results. Furthermore, dendrogram analysis on validation divided 53 BC1F1 samples into three cluster groups.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study (GWAS) for morphological and yield-related traits in an oil palm hybrid (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Osorio ◽  
Gina Garzón ◽  
Paola Delgadillo ◽  
Silvio Bastidas ◽  
Leidy Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background The genus Elaeis has two species of economic importance for the oil palm agroindustry: Elaeis oleifera (O), native to the Americas, and Elaeis guineensis (G), native to Africa. This work provides to our knowledge, the first association mapping study in an interspecific OxG oil palm population, which shows tolerance to pests and diseases, high oil quality, and acceptable fruit bunch production. Results Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we identified a total of 3,776 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) in 378 OxG hybrid population for 10 agronomic traits. Twelve genomic regions (SNPs) were located near candidate genes implicated in multiple functional categories, such as tissue growth, cellular trafficking, and physiological processes. Conclusions We provide new insights on genomic regions that mapped on candidate genes involved in plant architecture and yield. These potential candidate genes need to be confirmed for future targeted functional analyses. Associated markers to the traits of interest may be valuable resources for the development of marker-assisted selection in oil palm breeding. Keywords: Association mapping, Elaeis guineensis , Elaeis oleifera , genotyping-by-sequencing, plant architecture, yield.

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