scholarly journals MODERN PARENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF DEMANDS, ENCOURAGEMENT, AND PUNISHMENT AS COMPONENTS OF CHILD REARING

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
M.V. Safonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Mandatory Education ◽  
Child Centered ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Good Learning ◽  
The Right

Statement of the problem. Solving the problem of psychological and pedagogical support of parents requires studying the request for psychological assistance from their side. In our opinion, this can be done by studying the social perceptions of modern parents about various aspects of the phenomenon of parenthood. The purpose of the article is to describe the semantic core of modern parents’ ideas about encouragement, punishment, and requirements as components of raising children in the family. Materials and methods. The research methodology is presented by the concept of social representations by S. Moscovici, as well as synthesized research in the field of social representations by Russian and foreign scientists (K.A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya, G.M. Andreeva, E.Y. Artemyeva, M.I. Volovikova, T.P. Yemelyanova,L.G. Pochebut, J.K. Abrik, P. Verges, D. Jodle). Research results. The analysis of the results shows that the semantic core is the idea that the main task and responsibility of parents is to educate the child, and for this they can use methods of encouragement and punishment, moreover, they have the right to control and punish the child. The main tasks of different methods of education (requirements, prohibitions, punishments, incentives) is maintaining the authority of parents, taking care of the child’s safety, encouraging good behavior, good learning, and obedience of the child. These ideas tend to the traditional Russian understanding of the parent as an educator. Along with this, there is an appearance of ideas about non-mandatory education, the need to develop an educational strategy, and the need to avoid child-centered behavior. Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to make a request for the content of psychological and pedagogical support for parents within the educational system and psychological assistance services. Knowledge of modern parenting’s social concepts of parenting methods allows parents to develop education that is appropriate to their characteristics and needs.

ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTING IN ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-112
Author(s):  
M.V. SAFONOVA ◽  
◽  
M.A. KOSINOVA ◽  
E.A. ROMANOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Parental Role ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Parental Competence ◽  
Young Parents ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ideal Image ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
The Ideal

Statement of the problem. Solving the problem of psychological and pedagogical support for parents requires studying the request for psychological assistance from their side. In our opinion, this can be done by studying social ideas of modern parents about various aspects of the parenthood phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to present a comparative analysis of semantic cores of ideas about parenthood in adults with and without children. Materials and methods. The research methodology is represented by the concept of social representations by S. Moscovici, as well as generalized studies in the field of social representations by Russian and foreign scientists (K. A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya, G. M. Andreeva, E. Yu. Artemyeva, O. E. Baskansky, I. B. Bovina, M. I. Volovikova, T. P. Emelyanova, I. Markova, L. G. Pochebut, P. N. Shikhirev, E. V. Yakimova, J. K. Abrik, P. Verges, D. Jodle). Research results. The core of ideas about parenting in adults with and without children are concepts that reflect emotional and behavioral components of parenthood. According to Russian adults who do not have children, parenthood is a responsible and very complex phenomenon, and this can make them postpone child birth. In the minds of potential parents, there is a fairly idealized image of a parent who has remarkable personal qualities, is understanding, caring, and knows how to raise a model child. This largely explains their references to “not being ready” to be a parent, as well as subsequent dissatisfaction with the experience of parenthood, when the ideal image does not correspond to reality. Conclusion. Differences in understanding the concept of parenting in people who have and do not have children clearly describe the crisis experienced by parents when their expectations of parenthood do not meet the reality in which the parental role is performed. In this regard, programs of psychological preparation for parenthood are important, as well as psychological and pedagogical support for young parents in the process of developing their parental competence.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF MODERN RUSSIANS ABOUT A “GOOD MOM” AND A “GOOD DAD”

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
M.V. Safonova ◽  
◽  
O.M. Kovaleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Parental Love ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
And Gender

Statement of the problem. The formation of conscious parenting involves systematic work with real and potential parents. In order for the system of psychological and pedagogical support of parents to be effective, it is important to understand the problematic field of modern parenting, current and potential requests for psychological assistance from the family. We believe that one of the ways to solve this problem is to study the social ideas of modern parents about various aspects of the phenomenon of parenting. The purpose of the article is to present a comparative analysis of the semantic cores of ideas about a “good mom” and a “good dad” in adults with and without children, as well as children themselves. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the concept of social representations of S. Moskovichi, generalized research in the field of social representations of Russian and foreign scientists (G.M. Andreeva, E.Yu. Volovikova, T.P. Emelyanova, L.G. Pochebut, E.V. Yakimova, J.C. Abrik, P. Verges, D. Jaudelet), as well as research in the field of parenting (A.A. Abramova, L. A. Gritsay, E. V. Evdokimova, O. A. Karabanova, R. V. Ovcharova, K. N. Polivanova, G. G. Filippova, etc.). The main methods were free associative experiment, content analysis, the method of semantic universals. A total of 96 people took part in the study. Research results. The core of the concept of “good” moms and dads, parenting in adults with and without children, and the children themselves, is love and care. The key indicator that parents are “good” for all groups of respondents is the quality of communication, relationships, and interaction. The perceptions of all groups of respondents about the roles of mom and dad are quite traditional and gender typical. Ideas about how parental love is expressed also correspond to traditional gender schemes: mom feeds and caresses, dad plays and is fun to spend time with. At the same time, it can be noted that in the view of respondents with children, the image of a father shifts from the typically masculine towards a combination of masculine and feminine qualities. The experience of parenting encourages parents to reconsider their ideas about the image and role of the mother. Conclusion. The greatest weight in all three groups of respondents was given to the characteristic of a “kind” parent. But we cannot say whether the respondents put the same understanding of this manifestation into the association. It can be assumed that one of the reasons for conflict interactions in the family is the different meaning that children and parents put into the concept of “kindness”. This requires additional study, and may be a continuation of our research. It can also be noted that the image of an “ideal” parent is perceived by potential parents as costly (in terms of time, emotionally, physically, etc.), which can be one of the reasons for postponing the birth of a child. Therefore, it is important to work with young people in the direction of correcting their social ideas about parenting.

scholarly journals Choosing the right kindergarten: Parents’ reasoning about their ECEC choices in the context of the diversification of ECEC programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kampichler ◽  
Jana Dvořáčková ◽  
Lucie Jarkovská
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Family Status ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Child Centered ◽  
Focus Group Data ◽  
The Right

Abstract The sphere of early childhood education care (ECEC) in the Czech Republic has diversified enormously in the last decade. The article describes this diversification process and, drawing on focus group data, analyses parents’ choices within this diversified realm. Based on the parents’ selection criteria (significantly influenced by constraints and opportunities relating to social background or family status), it identifies four parental groups: pedagogical approach-centered, child-centered, facility-centered and (constrained) non-selective. The issues of ECEC diversification and parental choice are then discussed in light of Annette Lareau’s classed cultural logics of child rearing and the potential implications for the reproduction and reinforcement of social inequalities.

DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Olga Mykhailоvna Ivanitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Legislative Initiative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and ac- countability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democ- racy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its par- ticipation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; ex- tension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially im- portant decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of coun- tries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and so- ciety. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.

EVERYDAY PRACTICE OF MOTHERS IN A PROVINCIAL SOVIET CITY IN THE 1950–60S

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Irina V. Bogdashina
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Real ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right

The article reveals the measures undertaken by the Soviet state during the “thaw” in the fi eld of reproductive behaviour, the protection of motherhood and childhood. Compilations, manuals and magazines intended for women were the most important regulators of behaviour, determining acceptable norms and rules. Materials from sources of personal origin and oral history make it possible to clearly demonstrate the real feelings of women. The study of women’s everyday and daily life in the aspect related to pregnancy planning, bearing and raising children will allow us to compare the real situation and the course of implementation of tasks in the fi eld of maternal and child health. The demographic surge in the conditions of the economy reviving after the war, the lack of preschool institutions, as well as the low material wealth of most families, forced women to adapt to the situation. In the conditions of combining the roles of mother, wife and female worker, women entrusted themselves with almost overwork, which affected the health and well-being of the family. The procedure for legalising abortion gave women not only the right to decide the issue of motherhood themselves, but also made open the already necessary, but harmful to health, habitual way of birth control. Maternal care in diffi cult material and housing conditions became the concern of women and the older generation, who helped young women to combine the role of a working mother, which the country’s leadership confi dently assigned to women.

scholarly journals Health needs: a temporary analysis of the social representations of the concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Winckler ◽  
F Zioni ◽  
G Johson
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
Brazilian Health System ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background This study aims to analyse the social representations of health needs in a Brazilian municipality, questioning the capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. Methods Qualitative case study in which the data were analysed by: 1) the Health Needs Taxonomy (Matsumoto, 1999), as an instrument for assessing health needs, formatting the interview guide and organizing the empirical data; 2) the Theory of Social Representations (Jovchelovitch, 2000), to capture health needs; 3) Content Analysis (Bardin, 2004), as an instrument of analysis and comparison of perceived needs. The methodological path used was the same in the two moments in which this research is based (2009 and 2016). The entire municipal territory was analyzed and 26 representatives of civil society organizations were interviewed. Results Based on the results given, we state that health is a permanent and timeless need, but the mediations for its satisfaction have changed historically. The interface between quantitative indicators and subjectivity in assessing needs reveals the authoritarian architecture of its decision-making process, which has ruined the necessary democracy for prioritising and meeting those needs. The asymmetrical relationships present in the Brazilian society have both undermined the collective character of health needs and promoted the distance between who care and who are cared for. Most of the priorities listed by the interviewees in 2009 remain composing the social context of the municipality in 2016. Conclusions The challenges for comprehensive health care remain critical given both the decrease in popular political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health. Interdisciplinary and participatory diagnostics remain essential to understand the complexity of social changes and the challenges for the consolidation of meeting health needs. Key messages The capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. The challenges for meeting health needs remain critical given both the decrease in political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health.

Los estereotipos sociales a través del filtro de la traducción

Babel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Gemma Andújar Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
Points Of View

Cultural referents not only designate specific realities of a given culture which do not always exist in another but they are also semantic elements which trigger social representations. By conveying values and points of view about different social groups, cultural referents become linguistic instruments to build stereotypes. These thought patterns are shared by the members of a social or cultural community and act as a filter of reality. The aim of this paper is to study the role of cultural referents in the construction of social stereotypes, focusing on the socio-cognitive universe they evoke. To this end, we have analyzed the translations techniques applied in the Spanish, Catalan and English versions of a novel which has been very successful on the French literary scene: Muriel Barbery’s L’Élégance du hérisson (2006). As show the results of this textual comparison, the explanations, descriptions and additional information observed in target texts do not trigger the same associations as cultural referents do in the source text. Translational approaches are too limited when it comes to achieve linguistic adequacy to different world visions. Therefore, translation must be conceived as an encounter between two cultural systems, in which the translator must build bridges, not so much between two linguistic systems as between the social perceptions and values of two different cultural communities.

scholarly journals A Responsabilidade Fiscal como Código de Condutas para a Realização dos Gastos Públicos na Efetivação da Política de Educação Obrigatória

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Sarmento ◽  
Lean Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Process ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Public Budget ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Fiscal Responsibility ◽  
Mandatory Education ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Public Right

A RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL COMO CÓDIGO DE CONDUTAS PARA A REALIZAÇÃO DOS GASTOS PÚBLICOS NA EFETIVAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE EDUCAÇÃO OBRIGATÓRIA  FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A CODE OF CONDUCTS FOR PUBLIC SPENDING ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATORY EDUCATION POLICY   George Sarmento*Lean Araújo**  RESUMO: O direito à educação no Brasil, positivado nas Cartas Constitucionais, foi submetido a avanços e retrocessos quando da produção das oito Constituições, no período de 1824 a 1988. O marco determinante da educação obrigatória e gratuita como direito subjetivo público se deu com a Carta Constitucional de 1988, porém, apesar da instituição de um direito que exige a ação positiva do Estado para o seu contínuo processo de concretude, os gestores têm tergiversado no seu adimplemento, esta tergiversão resulta do não comprometimento dos gestores públicos na adequada produção do orçamento público enquanto instrumento de conquistas das aspirações dos cidadãos, a partir de ações fundadas na responsabilidade fiscal, mediante a alocação de recursos para o adimplemento do direito à educação, razão pela qual o Poder Judiciário, mormente no período pós-1988, tem promovido intervenções para a efetivação do direito à educação, por vezes com forte consequência no processo de execução orçamentária. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Orçamento Público. Educação. Direito Subjetivo Público. Responsabilidade Fiscal. Judicialização. ABSTRACT: The right to education in Brazil, guaranteed in the constitutional charters, went through advancements and setbacks during the formulation of the eight constitutions, in the period between 1824 and 1988. The decisive moment for obligatory and chargeless education as Subjective Public Right was the Constitutional Charter from 1988. But, despite of the institution of a right that demands a positive State action for its continuous process of implementation, the public administrators have tergiversated in its due performance. This tergiversation is a result of lack of commitment from public administrators in adequately producing Public Budget as an instrument of citizens' achievements and aspirations, from actions grounded in Fiscal Responsibility. This is the reason why the judiciary, specially, after 1988, has promoted interventions to effect the right to education, sometimes with substantial consequence in Budget implementation. KEYWORDS: Public Budget. Education. Subjective Public Right. Fiscal Responsibility. Judicializacion.  SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1 Origem e Principais Eixos da Responsabilidade Fiscal. 2 O Limite de Gastos com Pessoal e a Concretude da Política Pública de Educação. 3 Orçamento Público e seu Processo de Evolução na Ordem Constitucional Brasileira. 4 A Intervenção do Judiciário na Execução Orçamentária. Conclusão. Referências._________________________* Pós-Doutor em Direito pela Université D’Aix-Marseille, França. Doutor e Mestre em Direito pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Coordenador do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL). Professor Associado da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL).** Doutorando em Direito pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS). Professor da Fundação Educacional Jayme de Altavila e na Sociedade de Ensino Universitário do Nordeste.

scholarly journals Leadership Style, Ethics, and Strategy in Indonesian Navy - Case Study: Leadership of Rear Admiral Agung Prasetiawan, M.AP, (2017-Present) Commander of Kolinlamil

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Faurna Lusiani Pakpahan ◽  
Hady Efendy
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Organization Leadership ◽  
Military Institution ◽  
The Right

In an organization, leadership in an organization exists from a long time ago to the present, and leadership is a very important thing. A leader must use the right style to lead the organization he leads. The leader must also have good ethics in leading the organization and use appropriate strategies, so that organizational goals can be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to find out how much influence of leadership style, ethics and strategy what is used by an organization leader in a military institution that is Navy at Tanjung Priok Command Military Traffic (Kolinlamil) Jakarta, to be able to achieve organizational goals under leadership of Rear Admiral Agung Prasetiawan, M.AP. Kolinlamil is the main command in coaching and operations, which in the field of guidance of Kolinlamil is directly under the head a navy staff (Kasal), while the field of operations is directly under the Commander of the Indonesian Military (TNI). Kolinlamil is a military institution whose main task is to shift military or civilian forces from one area to another based on existing rules and orders.

scholarly journals THE NATURE OF SYMPTOMS: FLUCTUATION OR RESPONSIBILITY AND FREEDOM INTERNALLY OF CHOICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kalishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Symptom Formation

The paper raises the issue of exacerbation of psychological problems caused by the political and economic environment, which creates a general social tension and becomes a background that exacerbates the existential problems of the individual. That's why author emphasizes on a particular need for the development of therapeutic direction and a detailed and well-grounded development of therapeutic concepts. It creates ways of an effective solve of current problems of psychological health and well-being of the person. The article explained the conceptual provisions of the establishment, operation and therapeutic work with the symptom. The main characteristics, structure and overall symptom phenomenological expanse from the standpoint of the existential approach of the theory of system solutions and system modeling. Psychological functions of a symptom are considered. Issues of operationalization of a symptom and definition of conceptual provisions of its formation are solved . Basic rules of interpretation of a symptom and interpretation of the concept are described in terms of several approaches. The conceptual provisions of symptom formation that allow to include it in psycho-corrective methods are considered in detail. The methods of the existential-systemic technological approach for providing psychological assistance to the client are analyzed and empirically tested, providing dynamic changes in the content of the "picture of the world" of clients in the cognitive and ontological plans. According to the empirical study, psychosomatic, emotional and behavioral symptoms were presented. It has been shown that symptoms with different specificities have unchanging constituents and functions. It also has been shown that applying an existential approach helps the symptomatic client to produce a new, better reality that will take into account the actual needs and aspirations of the subject. Thus, the main task, which is directed and work with the symptom – is the person's approach to himself/herself, greater sensitivity to his own real existential aspirations.

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