scholarly journals PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS PACIENTES SOROPOSITIVOS PARA HIV NO CENTRO DE TESTAGEM E ACONSELHAMENTO EM UM HOSPITAL MUNICIPAL DE MARACANAÚ

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Edcarla Barroso Nascimento ◽  
Patricia Kely Sousa Meneses ◽  
Malena Gadelha Cavalcante ◽  
Leonardo Freire Vasconcelos ◽  
Joyce Fonteles Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Municipal Hospital ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Positive Results

Os Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) atuam na prevenção e detecção do HIV e de outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST), favorecendo segmentos populacionais em situação de maior vulnerabilidade, sem restrições territoriais. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes soropositivos no CTA do Hospital Municipal de Maracanaú – CE. Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Foram analisadas todas as fichas de atendimento ambulatorial disponível no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA), no período de julho de 2016 a junho de 2017 de pacientes soropositivos, maiores de 15 anos, incluindo gestantes. Durante o estudo, foram realizadas pesquisas com 492 fichas de atendimento ambulatorial com pessoas de ambos os sexos, sendo 61,6% (n=303) do sexo masculino. A maioria dos pacientes possuíam entre 30 a 39 anos. Independente do sexo, 60,2% (n=296) declarou-se com estado civil solteiro. Constatou-se que 99% (n=487) teve como forma de infecção do vírus a via sexual e que 64,4% (n=317) não apresentou comorbidades. Realizaram-se testes confirmatórios com todos os pacientes, confirmando os resultados positivos na maioria (97,6%; n=480). Cerca de 99,2% (n=488) fazem uso da terapia antirretroviral, 77,8% (n=383) não fazem uso de medicamentos para outras patologias, 97,8% (n=481) afirmaram não ter resistência ao tratamento e 95,1% (n=467) não relataram reações adversas aos medicamentos utilizados. Acredita-se que os dados coletados nessa pesquisa possam contribuir para um melhor monitoramento da AIDS, indicando a necessidade de mais campanhas de prevenção, conscientização do uso de preservativos e indica a importância desses Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) para que mais pessoas possam ter acesso tanto ao diagnóstico como ao tratamento. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SOROPOSITIVE PATIENTS IN A MUNICIPAL HOSPITAL OF MARACANAÚ-CE ABSTRACT The Centers for Testing and Counselling (CTC) act in the prevention and detection of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), favoring segments of the population in situations of greater vulnerability, without territorial restrictions. The objective of the study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of seropositive patients in the CTA of the Municipal Hospital of Maracanaú - CE. This is a retrospective observational study with a quantitative and qualitative approach. All records of outpatient care available at the Center for Testing and Counselling (CTC) were analyzed from July 2016 to June 2017 of HIV positive patients, older than 15 years, including pregnant women. During the study, 492 records of outpatient care were performed with people of both sexes, of which 61.6% (n = 303) were males. The majority of patients were between 30 and 39 years old. Regardless of gender, 60.2% (n = 296) declared themselves to be single marital status. It was found that 99% (n = 487) had as a form of virus infection the sexual route and that 64.4% (n = 317) did not present comorbidities. Confirmatory tests were performed with all the patients, confirming the positive results in the majority (97.6%; n = 480). Approximately 99.2% (n = 488) used antiretroviral therapy, 77.8% (n = 383) did not use drugs for other conditions, 97.8% (n = 481) reported no resistance to treatment and 95.1% (n = 467) reported no adverse drug reactions. It is believed that the data collected in this research can contribute to a better monitoring of AIDS, indicating the need for more prevention campaigns, awareness of condom use and indicates the importance of these Centers of Testing and Counselling (CTC) so that more people can have access to both diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of an Emergency Department (ED) Based Rapid HIV Screening Program

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredric Hustey ◽  
Michael Phelan ◽  
Sharon O’Keefe ◽  
Tracy Barbour
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Positive Results

This was a prospective cohort study involving an ED rapid HIV screening program targeting high risk patients. 1090 patients underwent ED HIV testing over a 33 month period. 43% (467/1090) were male and 74%(804/1090) were African American. Mean age was 27 years. 32/1090 tested positive of which 31 were confirmed on follow up testing (3%; 95%CI, 2-4%). 27/31 patients were previously undiagnosed (87%; 95%CI, 71-95%), while 4 patients had reported prior positive results.100% of HIV positive patients were linked to outpatient care. ED testing, including linkage to outpatient care is feasible, and yielded higher rates of HIV than previously reported.

scholarly journals HIV and STI positivity rates among transgender people attending two large STI clinics in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054875
Author(s):  
Susanne Drückler ◽  
Ceranza Daans ◽  
Elske Hoornenborg ◽  
Henry De Vries ◽  
Martin den Heijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

BackgroundGlobal data show that transgender people (TGP) are disproportionally affected by HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs); however, data are scarce for Western European countries. We assessed gender identities, sexual behaviour, HIV prevalence and STI positivity rates, and compared these outcomes between TGP who reported sex work and those who did not.MethodsWe retrospectively retrieved data from all TGP who were tested at the STI clinics of Amsterdam and The Hague, the Netherlands in 2017–2018. To identify one’s gender identity, a ‘two-step’ methodology was used assessing, first, the assigned gender at birth (assigned male at birth (AMAB)) or assigned female at birth), and second, clients were asked to select one gender identity that currently applies: (1) transgender man/transgender woman, (2) man and woman, (3) neither man nor woman, (4) other and (5) not known yet. HIV prevalence, bacterial STI (chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or infectious syphilis) positivity rates and sexual behaviour were studied using descriptive statistics.ResultsTGP reported all five categories of gender identities. In total 273 transgender people assigned male at birth (TGP-AMAB) (83.0%) and 56 transgender people assigned female at birth (TGP-AFAB) (17.0%) attended the STI clinics. Of TGP-AMAB, 14,6% (39/267, 95% CI 10.6% to 19.4%) were HIV-positive, including two new diagnoses and bacterial STI positivity was 15.0% (40/267, 95% CI 10.9% to 19.8%). Among TGP-AFAB, bacterial STI positivity was 5.6% (3/54, 95% CI 1.2% to 15.4%) and none were HIV-positive. Sex work in the past 6 months was reported by 53.3% (137/257, 95% CI 47.0% to 59.5%) of TGP-AMAB and 6.1% (3/49, 95% CI 1.3% to 16.9%) of TGP-AFAB. HIV prevalence did not differ between sex workers and non-sex workers.ConclusionOf all TGP, the majority were TGP-AMAB of whom more than half engaged in sex work. HIV prevalence and STI positivity rates were substantial among TGP-AMAB and much lower among TGP-AFAB. Studies should be performed to provide insight into whether the larger population of TGP-AMAB and TGP-AFAB are at risk of HIV and STI.

scholarly journals Lipschütz Ulcer: An Unusual Diagnosis that Should Not be Neglected

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
pp. 414-416
Author(s):  
Daniela Alexandra Gonçalves Pereira ◽  
Eliana Patrícia Pereira Teixeira ◽  
Ana Cláudia Martins Lopes ◽  
Ricardo José Pina Sarmento ◽  
Ana Paula Calado Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Genital Ulceration ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Genital Ulcers

AbstractThe diagnosis of genital ulcers remains a challenge in clinical practice. Lipschütz ulcer is a non-sexually transmitted rare and, probably, underdiagnosed condition, characterized by the sudden onset of vulvar edema along with painful necrotic ulcerations. Despite its unknown incidence, this seems to be an uncommon entity, with sparse cases reported in the literature. We report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented at the emergency department with vulvar ulcers. She denied any sexual intercourse. The investigation excluded sexually transmitted infections, so, knowledge of different etiologies of non-venereal ulcers became essential. The differential diagnoses are extensive and include inflammatory processes, drug reactions, trauma, and malignant tumors. Lipschütz ulcer is a diagnosis of exclusion. With the presentation of this case report, the authors aim to describe the etiology, clinical course, and outcomes of this rare disease, to allow differential diagnosis of genital ulceration.

High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Factors Among HIV-Positive Individuals in Yunnan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tu ◽  
Yu-Ye Li ◽  
Yi-Qun Kuang ◽  
Rong-Hui Xie ◽  
Xing-Qi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Yunnan has the highest rates of HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with accelerated HIV transmission and poor ART outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. Methods We recruited 406 HIV-positive participants for a cross-sectional study (204 ART-naive and 202 ART). Blood samples and first-voided urine samples were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were used for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG). Syphilis and HSV-2 tests were also performed. Results Among 406 participants, the overall prevalence of STI was 47.0% and 45.1% in ART-naive individuals and 49.0% in ART individuals, respectively. Testing frequency was 11.6% (11.8% vs 11.4%), 33.2% (29.4% vs 37.1%), 3.2% (3.4% vs 3.0%), 2.0% (3.4% vs 0.5%) and 4.7% (6.4% vs 3.0%) for active syphilis, HSV-2, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae and genitalium. Percentage of multiple infections in both groups was 10.8% (22/204) in ART-naive participants and 9.9% (20/202) in ART participants. Females, age between 18 to 35 years, ever injected drugs, homosexual or bisexual, HIV/HBV coinfection, and not receiving ART were identified as risk factors. Self-reported asymptom was not eliminating of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI. Conclusions STI prevalence was 47.0% (45.1% vs 49.0%), HSV-2, syphilis and MG were the most common STIs in HIV-infected individuals. We found high prevalence (6.4%) of Mycoplasma genitalium in ART-naive individuals. ART can reduce the diversity of STI-HIV coinfection but not the prevalence. HIV-positive individuals tend to neglect or maybe hide their genital tract discomfort, thus we suggest strengthening STI joint screening and treatment services among HIV-infected individuals whether they describe genital tract discomfort or not.

scholarly journals Coinfection of Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV-Positive Individuals: Cross-Sectional Results of a Community-Based Positive Living with HIV (POLH) Study in Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Poudel ◽  
Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar ◽  
Paula H. Palmer ◽  
Tetsuya Mizoue ◽  
Masamine Jimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Living With Hiv

In Asian concentrated HIV epidemics, data on coinfection of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HIV-positive individuals are limited. The authors measured the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), and syphilis, and their correlates among 319 HIV-positive individuals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The authors tested blood samples for syphilis and urine samples for CT and NG. Overall, 17 (5.3%) participants had at least 1 STI (CT: 1.3%, NG: 2.8%, and syphilis: 1.2%). Of 226 participants who had sex in past 6 months, 51.3% did not always use condoms. Older (aged 35-60 years) participants were more likely (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-12.33; P = .024) and those who were currently married (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.09-0.97; P = .046) or on antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.06-0.71; P = .012) were less likely to have at least 1 STI. Our results suggest the need to strengthen the efforts to screen and treat STIs and to promote safer sexual practices among Nepalese HIV-positive individuals.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected men who have sex with men: sustained rising incidence in Antwerp, Belgium, 2001–2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bottieau ◽  
L Apers ◽  
M Van Esbroeck ◽  
M Vandenbruaene ◽  
E Florence
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Acute Hepatitis C ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
Sex With Men

During the last decade, outbreaks of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been reported among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in several European countries. To study this emerging infection in MSM in Antwerp, Belgium, we reviewed all cases of newly acquired HCV infection in HIV-positive MSM followed from 2001 to 2009 at the HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) reference clinic of the Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp. Newly acquired HCV infection was considered as certain or probable according to local definitions. During the study period, 69 episodes of newly acquired HCV infection (40 certain and 29 probable) were diagnosed in 67 HIV-infected MSM. In only 10 episodes (14%) were the patients symptomatic. The annual incidence of HCV infection in our population of HIV-infected MSM rose steadily from 0.2% in 2001 to 1.51% in 2008, and then peaked to 2.9% in 2009. For 60 episodes (87%), another STI (mainly syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum) had been diagnosed within the six months before the diagnosis of HCV infection. All but one patient with available genotyping (n=54) were found to be infected with the difficult-to-treat HCV genotypes 1 or 4. Our results therefore demonstrate the rising incidence of HCV infection in HIV-positive MSM in Antwerp, since 2001, which reached an alarming level in 2009. Targeted awareness campaigns and routine screening are urgently needed to limit further HCV spread and its expected long-term consequences.

scholarly journals Congenital syphilis in Marabá (State of Pará, Brazil): epidemiological analysis of a decade

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Caroline Mendes Santos ◽  
Daniela Soares Leite
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Congenital syphilis (CS) is a systemic infect contagious disease, sexually transmitted, easily diagnosed, with effective and low cost treatment. Thus, the existence of a paradox is detached, once infectious diseases of greater complexity have already been controlled. In its congenital form, syphilis in Brazil constitutes a sentry event of high magnitude that presents unfavorable indicators in terms of its control. In the State of Pará, Marabá is the municipality with the highest number of cases in the past years. The aimed of this study was describing a clinical-epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in Marabá, from 2006 to 2015. This was a descriptive, retrospective and documental study which analyzed secondary data from SINAN/SMS/SVS/DATASUS/Marabá/PA. Between 2006 and 2015, 323 cases of CS were notified in Marabá. The incidence of congenital syphilis of 6.5 cases per 1,000 live births from 2006-2015 is 6.5 the Ministry of Health goal; from 2012 to 2015 the rates were 8, 9.8, 26.3 and 11.3/1,000, respectively. Most pregnant women performed prenatal (88.6%), was between 20 and 24 years old (62.2%), 26.6% did not finish Middle School. Most partners, 67.5%, of the pregnants diagnosed with did not perform treatment; in 55% of cases, the maternal syphilis diagnosis happened during labor/curettage. Congenital syphilis in Marabá overcame the highest incidence in 2014, with 26.3 cases per 1,000 live births. This great value in 2014 may be a result of the campaign "It's possible to born without syphilis in Pará", released by the Secretary of State for Health of Pará at the end of 2013, since in periods of huge campaigns there is an increase of notifications, due to easier access to the diagnosis of the disease. In the year of 2015, an incidence of 11.3 cases per 1,000 live births was observed, this abrupt decrease, compared to 2014, corroborates with the influence of the campaigns in the detection of new cases. The cases of congenital syphilis notified in the Municipality of Marabá demonstrated failures in the prenatal service, particularly in the time of verification of gestational syphilis and in the treatment of the partners. However, most cases had a positive outcome, with a low number of pre and perinatal deaths due to CS. According to the section of Epidemiological Surveillance of Marabá, many factors are responsible for the high incidence of congenital syphilis in the municipality, among them the lack of clarification of the pregnants/mothers about syphilis, a low demand by the prenatal care and the low attendance of partners, what unfeasible the effective control of this disease, as well as the precarious training of health professionals, who give little importance to the disease and show difficulty to interpret lab results. The correct notification (if there is a higher quality in the reports, the number will be closer to the real), investigation of cases, appropriate treatment and implementation of measures to prevent new cases of congenital syphilis will contribute to the reduction of cases in Marabá.

scholarly journals ANALISA MIKROBIOLOGI CEMARAN BAKTERI COLIFORM DAN SALMONELLA SP PADA TAHU DI KECAMATAN DELTA PAWAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Nenengsih Verawati ◽  
Nur Aida ◽  
Ridha Aufa
Keyword(s):  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Food Safety Standards ◽  
Positive Results

Tofu is a high-protein soy-based food ingredient that is widely consumed in Indonesia. Tofu producers in Delta Pawan Subdistrict are dominated by small and medium-sized entrepreneurs whose hygiene and sanitation aspects in production activities are very under-taken. This study aims to determine the presence of Coliform and Salmonella Sp bacteria on tofu produced in Delta Pawan sub-district, Ketapang, West Kalimantan and compare with SNI01-3142-1998. The method used to detect the presence of Coliform bacteria in this study uses the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, which consists of estimator and confirmatory tests using Lactosa Broth (LB) media for the Brilliant Green Lactose Broth (BGLB) assay test for confirmation . Whereas to detect the amount of Salmonella Sp using the method of Total Plate Count (TPC) with selective media Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). The results of Coliform analysis in both industries found Coliform MPN values ​​of more than 2400 AMP / g samples, which indicated that they did not meet the standards set by SNI. While the results of the analysis of Salmonella Sp obtained positive results, so the two industries did not meet food safety standards.

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