HAK MENGUASAI NEGARA DALAM SISTEM TATA KELOLA MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI: ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 36/PUU-X/2012 /  The State Control Rights In Oil And Gas Management System: The Analysis Of Constitutional Decision No 36/PUU-X/2012

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 36/PUU-X/2012 tentang judicial review UU No. 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi telah menimbulkan perdebatan publik tentang sistem tata kelola minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, Pertama, konsep “hak menguasai negara” dalam Pasal 33 UUD 1945 secara filosofis berangkat dari konstruksi Pancasila yang memberikan kekuasaan kepada negara untuk campur tangan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam demi mewujudkan sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat, namun pada saat yang sama tetap memberikan peluang bagi kepemilikan perdata sepanjang tidak mendegradasi peran negara dalam pengambilan keputusan dan penentuan kebijakan. Kedua, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 36/PUU-X/2012 tidak membatasi kewenangan Pemerintah dan DPR untuk membentuk badan pengelola migas tertentu sejauh tidak bertentangan dengan opsi yang terdapat dalam pertimbangan hukum MK, yakni BUMN atau Pemerintah. Terminologi “Pemerintah” dalam pertimbangan hukum MK memiliki makna yang jauh lebih luas dan tak harus dibatasi pada Kementerian ESDM, namun mencakup pula BUMN atau badan independen yang mungkin dibentuk oleh pemerintah berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan.The Constitutional Court Decision No. 36 / PUU-X / 2012 concerning the unconstitutionality of BP Migas in Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas has provoked public debate about the management systems of Indonesian oil and gas. This study focuses on the following questions: First, what the meaning and the concept of the state control rights of oil and gas under the 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia?; Second, what what are the legal consequences of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012 on the national oil and gas management policy?. The results of the study shows the following conclusions. First, the concept of state’s rights in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia philosophically derived from the construction of Pancasila which empowers the state to involve in the management of natural resources in order to provide the prosperity of the people, but at the same time providing opportunities for private ownership as far as not to degrade the state's role in determining the decision-making and policy-making. Secondly, the Constitutional Court Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012 does not limit the authority of the Government and the Parliament to form any oil and gas administrative body to the extent not contrary to the options proposed by the Constitutional Court, i.e. the state-owned enterprises or the government. The term ‘government’ in the legal consideration of the Constitutional Court has a much broader meaning and should not be limited to the Ministry of Energy, but also includes the SOE itself or an independent agency that may be established by the government based on the law.

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POLITIK HUKUM PENGELOLAAN HULU MIGAS PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI

Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional ◽

10.33331/rechtsvinding.v4i2.22 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 237

Author(s):

M. Ilham F Putuhena

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Court Decision ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

State Control ◽

Alternative Models ◽

Institutional Management ◽

Relationship Model ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government ◽

New Institutions

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 36/PUU-X/2012 dalam permohonan Pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 telah membawa arah baru di dalam pengelolaan hulu migas di Indonesia. Mahkamah Konstitusi berpendapat model hubungan BPMigas dalam melakukan pengelolaan Migas telah mendegradasi makna penguasaan negara atas sumber daya alam Migas sebagaimana diamanatkan Pasal 33 UUD NRI Tahun 1945. Berangkat dari kondisi tersebut beberapa hal yang menarik untuk diteliti, yaitu bagaimana arah politik hukum pengelolaan hulu migas pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, kemudian dilanjutkan terhadap pembahasan alternatif model pengelolaan hulu migas yang sesuai dengan konstitusional. Guna menjawab permasalahan tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis Normatif, yang meneliti pengaturan hulu Migas dibandingkan dengan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan kemudian dijadikan dasar untuk menentukan alternatif arah politik hukum hulu migas yang baru. Dari hasil penelitian didapat sedikitnya empat alternatif model kelembagaan pengelolaan hulu Migas yaitu: model melembagakan SKK Migas secara permanen; model yang memberikan wewenang kembali kepada PERTAMINA; model pemerintah secara langsung melakukan penunjukan, dan mendirikan BUMN baru atau model dengan pembentukan lembaga baru. Dari penelitian ini disarankan Pemerintah dan DPR harus menjadikan putusan mahkamah konstitusi sebagai bahan acuan dalam mendesain model pengelolaan hulu Migas, dapat menghasilkan kelembagaan dan pengelolaan yang konstitusional dalam rangka membangun kepastian berinvestasi dalam bisnis Migas di Indonesia.Constitutional Court Decision No. 36 / PUU-X / 2012 in a petition for judicial review of Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas against the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 has brought a new direction in the management of upstream oil and gas in Indonesia. The Constitutional Court argued that BPMigas business relationship model in managing oil and gas has been degrading the meaning of state control over natural resources of oil and gas as mandated by the Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution. Departing from these conditions some interesting things to be investigated, are how the politics of law direction of the upstream oil and gas management after the Constitutional Court decision, and then followed by the discussion of alternative models of upstream oil and gas management that is in accordance with constitutional. To answer these problems this research is using normative juridical method, which examined the setting of upstream oil and gas compared with the Constitutional Court decision, which is then being used as the basis for determining the alternative direction of politics of law of the new upstream oil and gas laws. The result is at least four alternative models of institutional management of upstream oil and gas obtained, namely: a model where it institutes SKK Migas permanently; a model that gives authority back to Pertamina; a model where the government make direct appointment, and established new state-owned enterprises or a model with the establishment of new institutions. What this research suggested is that the Government and Parliament must make Constitutional Court decision as a reference in designing the management model of the upstream oil and gas, where it can produce institutional and constitutional governance in order to establish certainty to invest in oil and gas business di Indonesia.

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KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLA MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 36/PUU-X/2012)

Yuridika ◽

10.20473/ydk.v30i1.4897 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Ganesha Patria Wicaksono

Keyword(s):

Conflict Of Interest ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Court Decision ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

State Control ◽

Similar Function ◽

Exploration And Exploitation ◽

Reform Agenda ◽

Regulation Function ◽

The Government

BP Migas the kind of reform agenda from institutional manager oil and gas which is the part of Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001. BP Migas is institusional manager of oil and gas that formed to become the government representation as mining rights to controlling and supervising exploration and exploitation oil and gas that formerly held by pertamina. Politiekrecht establishment BP Migas is to avoiding conflict of interest if the regulation function and business has been place in the same institutional like the old Pertamina, so doing the separation institutional which do the function of regulation and business. The existancy of BP Migas impact to the mining rights which is the part of the authority of state control become obscuur ,because the fifth function that constructed by Constitutional Court by doing interpretation to section 33 act (2) dan (3) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 can’t through all and gradual. Through Constitutional Court decision No 36/PUU-X/2012 all the section which have related with BP Migas are unconstitutional. BP Migas should be dissolved and government from the regulation function should control the new institutionals function and authority. With the dissolution of BP Migas the government would establish similar function and authority institutional which named SKK Migas .With the present SKK Migas, so all the mining rights problems become interested to be re-examined.

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Strategi Penguatan Pengelolaan Bersama Minyak dan Gas Bumi di Wilayah Laut

Jurnal Konstitusi ◽

10.31078/jk1517 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 140

Author(s):

Cut Asmaul Husna TR

Keyword(s):

Government Regulation ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Central Government ◽

Geological Structure ◽

The State ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Joint Management ◽

The People ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government

Kondisi tatanan tektonik dan geologi Aceh memiliki prospek untuk dilakukan eksplorasi dan pengembangan serta produksi Minyak dan Gas Bumi, baik di Wilayah Darat maupun di Wilayah Laut. Penemuan cadangan Minyak dan Gas baru di Aceh diharapkan dapat meningkatkan Penerimaan Negara dan Penerimaan Pemerintah Aceh dalam membangun infrastruktur dan Ketahanan Energi Aceh untuk melahirkan kembali industri-industri skala internasional. Ketentuan dalam Pasal 3 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pengelolaan Bersama Sumber Daya Alam Minyak dan Gas Bumi di Aceh, kewenangan pengelolaan Migas pada Wilayah Laut 12 (dua belas) sampai dengan 200 (dua ratus) mil laut yang merupakan Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) dikelola dan dilaksanakan Pemerintah Pusat dengan mengikutsertakan Pemerintah Aceh. Tafsir dalam 3 (tiga) Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 002/PUU-I/2003, 20/PUU-V/2007 dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 36/PUU-X/2012 tentang Uji Materiil Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa penguasaan negara terhadap sumber daya alam dan cabang-cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak dimaknai sebagai mandat yang harus dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah untuk mengadakan kebijakan (beleid), pengurusan (bestuursdaad), pengaturan (regelendaad), pengelolaan (beheersdaad), dan pengawasan (toezichthoudensdaad) untuk tujuan sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat.Conditions of tectonic and geological structure in Aceh prospect for explorating and producing Oil and Natural Gas, either in onshore or offshore. The discovery of Oil and Gas news reserved in Aceh is expected to increase the Central Government Take and Aceh Government Take to build infrastructure and Aceh’s Energy Security to regenerate industries on an international scale. The provisions in Article 3 of the Government Regulation Number 23 Year 2015 concerning Joint Management of Natural Resources Oil and Gas in Aceh, the joint management authority of Oil and Gas in Offshore 12 (twelve) to 200 (two hundreds) nautical miles of an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is managed and held by the Central Government to include the Government Aceh. Commentary within 3 (three) Decision of Constitutional Court Number 002/PUU-I/2003, 20/PUU-V/2007 and Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 36/PUU-X/2012 of Judicial Review of Law Number 22 Year 2001 concerning Oil and Gas (Oil and Gas Law) Against the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia the meaning of “controlled by the state” must be comprehended to include the meaning of a wide-ranging state occupation, as a result of the people’s sovereignty concept. The people, collectively constructed by the 1945 Constitution, provide a mandate to the state to conduct policy (beleid) and functions of administration (bestuurdaad), regulation (regelendaad), management (beheersdaad) and supervision (toezichthoudensdaad) for the greatest prosperity of the people.

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GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT PEOPLE’S RIGHTS OVER THE CLEAN WATER

Hang Tuah Law Journal ◽

10.30649/htlj.v1i1.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Muhammad Nadzir

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Human Life ◽

The State ◽

Responsibility To Protect ◽

Clean Water ◽

State Control ◽

Government Responsibility ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government

Water plays a very important role in supporting human life and other living beings as goods that meet public needs. Water is one of the declared goods controlled by the state as mentioned in the constitution of the republic of Indonesia. The state control over water indicated that water management can bring justice and prosperity for all Indonesian people. However, in fact, water currently becomes a product commercialized by individuals and corporations. It raised a question on how the government responsibility to protect the people's right to clean water. This study found that in normative context, the government had been responsible in protecting the people’s right over the clean water. However, in practical context, it found that the government had not fully protected people's right over clean water. The government still interpreted the state control over water in the form of creating policies, establishing a set of regulations, conducting management, and also supervision.

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Pengaruh Audit Internal dan Akuntabilitas Suber Daya Manusia terhadap Perwujudan Good Governance pada Lembaga SKK Migas

Jurnal Maksipreneur Manajemen Koperasi dan Entrepreneurship ◽

10.30588/jmp.v5i1.147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Latifah Latifah ◽

A. Rinto Pudyantoro

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Good Governance ◽

Internal Audit ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

The State ◽

Survey Method ◽

Special Unit ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government

Special Unit for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (SKK Migas) is an institution established by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 9 of 2013 on the Management of Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities. The task of SKK Migas is to manage the upstream oil and gas business activities based on cooperation contracts. The purpose of the establishment of this institution so that retrieval of natural resources of oil and gas owned by the State can provide maximum benefit and acceptance for the state to the greatest prosperity of the people. Based on these tasks and objectives, SKK Migas is responsible to the state and all Indonesian people to work properly, honestly, fairly, cleanly, transparently and competently in order to achieve good governance of state institutions. Therefore, internal monitoring (internal audit) and accountability of its human resources are required. This research has a purpose to test the influence of internal audit and human resource accountability to the achievement of good governance at SKK Migas institution. This research uses survey method with population of all staffs of SKK Migas. Sampling method used is sampling with purposive sampling technique. In this study, 145 samples were taken. Methods of data collection was done by using questionnaires containing several questions with the method of data analysis using multiple regression. The result of this research is to accept both hypothesis which is internal audit have positive effect toward the achievement of good governance in SKK Migas. And the accountability of human resources positively affect the achievement of good governance in SKK Migas.

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Dinamika Konsepsi Penguasaan Negara Atas Sumber Daya Alam

Jurnal Konstitusi ◽

10.31078/jk12210 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

Ahmad Redi

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

House Of Representatives ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

State Control ◽

Control Rights ◽

Control Concept ◽

Control Right ◽

The Government ◽

Draft Bill ◽

The Guardian

Discourse concerning state control concept on natural resources in Article 33 clause (3) of the 1945 Constitution is very dynamic. Such dynamic can be seen on a variety of conceptions of state control rights on natural resources formulated in various acts in natural resources area. Lack of single concept on ‘state control right’ will impact to unfavorable situation where natural resources shall escape from conception of state control right and into control not by the state. The Constitutional Court as the Guardian and Interpreter of the Constitution has a significant role to ascertain that an act in natural resources area really adopt the principle of state control on natural resources in Indonesia. This article analyzes on dynamics of conception of state control on natural resources in various acts and the role of the Constitutional Court in guarding and interpreting acts in natural resources in order to be in accordance with Article 33 clause (3) of the 1945 Constitution. From the result of analysis a conclusion is achieved that there are many different concepts of state control on natural resources in various acts in natural resources area. The Constitutional Court indeed has made interpretation on state control right. In order to make the conception stronger it is necessary to have an act in natural resources area as instruction of Article 33 clause (5) of the 1945 Constitution that further provisions of Article 33 shall be regulated by an act. Moreover, DPR (The House of Representatives) and the Government have to make certain or definite the concept of state control right in every draft bill of natural resources area so that liberalism and capitalism stream will not erode the principle of state control right.

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Sanksi Pidana Penyalahgunaan Pengangkutan Bahan Bakar Bersubsidi

Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum ◽

10.22225/jkh.2.1.2597.281-285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 281-285

Author(s):

I Dewa Gede Sastra Buwana ◽

I Wayan Rideng ◽

I Ketut Sukadana

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Legal Protection ◽

The State ◽

Point Of View ◽

District Court ◽

Criminal Sanctions ◽

Legal Literature ◽

Legal Sanctions ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government

Oil and gas is a natural resource controlled by the state and is a source of vital commodities that play an important role in every human activity. The misuse of the transportation and trade of fuel subsidized by the government by certain individuals can take away the rights of the less fortunate and result in losses to the state. This research explains how to arrange the transportation or commercialization of subsidized fuel and to find out the criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel. The research method used is Normative Law research. The statutory approach to the problem is to analyze from the point of view of statutory regulations and relevant theories. Sources of legal materials in this study are primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is obtained from legal literature materials by collecting, reading and recording legal materials related to the crime of misuse of subsidized fuels. The results of this study are first, the regulation of legal protection and supervision has been regulated in accordance with the provisions of Article 46 of Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas. Second, legal sanctions against perpetrators of misuse of subsidized fuel: case at the Gianyar District Court (PN) case number 153 / Pid.Sus / 2017 / PN. Gin is cumulative in nature, as regulated in Article 55 of the Republic of Indonesia Law No. 22 of 2001, namely given a verdict in the form of a prison sentence of 10 (ten) months and a fine of 2 million rupiahs provided that if the fine is not paid, it is replaced by imprisonment for 2 (two) month

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Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang Memuat Keadilan Sosial dalam Pengujian Undang-Undang

Jurnal Konstitusi ◽

10.31078/jk1648 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 834

Author(s):

Anna Triningsih ◽

Oly Viana Agustine

Keyword(s):

Social Justice ◽

Judicial Review ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

The State ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

State Control ◽

Social Security Systems ◽

Security Systems ◽

The Public ◽

The People

Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga yang lahir berdasarkan amandemen UUD 1945 memiliki fungsi sebagai lembaga terakhir penafsir konstitusi atau yang sering disebut sebagai the final interpreter of constitution. Fungsi ini biasanya dilaksanakan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam kewenangannya menguji undang-undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Terhadap frasa, ayat, pasal atau undang-undang yang dianggap tidak jelas atau multitafsir telah dimohonkan untuk diberikan penafsiran sesuai dengan konstitusi. Pun demikian dengan frasa keadilan sosial yang terdapat dalam beberapa undang-undang yang telah diputus Mahkamah Konstitusi. Terdapat 16 (enam belas) putusan dengan 10 (sepuluh) isu konstitusional dalam pengujian undang-undang selama periode 2003–2010 dalam bidang ketenagalistrikan, minyak dan gas bumi, ketenagakerjaan, sistem jaminan sosial nasional, sumber daya air, penanaman modal, pajak penghasilan, pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil dan pertambangan mineral dan batu bara. Dari 10 isu konstitusional tersebut, dalam pertimbangan hukumnya Mahkamah lebih sering memilih menggunakan interpretasi gramatikal, interpretasi historis, interpretasi teleologis atau sosilologis dan interpretasi komparatif atau perbandingan. Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa keadilan sosial dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945, mengandung makna “penguasaan negara” artinya negara harus menjadikan penguasaan terhadap cabang produksi yang dikuasainya itu memenuhi tiga hal yang menjadi kepentingan masyarakat: ketersediaan yang cukup, distribusi yang merata, dan terjangkaunya harga bagi orang banyak. Dengan dikuasai oleh negara, keadilan sosial diartikan mencakup makna penguasaan oleh negara dalam luas yang bersumber dan diturunkan dari konsepsi kedaulatan rakyat Indonesia atas segala sumber kekayaan “bumi, air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya”, termasuk pula di dalamnya pengertian kepemilikan publik oleh kolektivitas rakyat atas sumber-sumber kekayaan dimaksud. The Constitutional Court as an institution born based on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution has a function as the final interpreter of constitution. This function is usually carried out by the Constitutional Court in its authority to examine laws against the 1945 Constitution. Regarding phrases, verses, articles or laws that are deemed unclear or multiple interpretations have been requested to be interpreted in accordance with the constitution. Even so with the phrase social justice contained in several laws that have been decided by the Constitutional Court. There are 16 (sixteen) decisions with 10 (ten) constitutional issues in judicial review during the 2003–2010 period in the fields of electricity, oil and gas, employment, national social security systems, water resources, investment, tax income, management of coastal areas and small islands and mining of minerals and coal. Of the 10 constitutional issues, in its legal considerations the Court often chooses to use grammatical interpretations, historical interpretations, teleological or sosilological interpretations and comparative or comparative interpretations. The Constitutional Court stated that social justice in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution, contained the meaning of "state control" means that the state must make control of the controlled branch of production fulfill three things that are in the public interest: adequate availability, equitable distribution and affordability. By being controlled by the state, social justice is interpreted to include the meaning of control by the state in a broad sense that is derived and derived from the conception of the sovereignty of the people of Indonesia over all sources of wealth "earth, water and natural wealth contained in it" the people for the intended sources of wealth.

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TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS PROTECTION OF EMPLOYMENT (TUPE) DALAM PERJANJIAN OUTSOURCING

Media Iuris ◽

10.20473/mi.v1i2.8834 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 335

Author(s):

Muhammad Johar Fathoni

Keyword(s):

Service Provider ◽

Court Decision ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

Employment Service ◽

Labor Agreement ◽

The Law ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government ◽

The Right

Transfer of Undertaking Protection of Employment Based on Constitutional Court Decision Number 27/PUU-IX/2011, there are two models that must be fulfilled in outsourcing agreement, that is First, by requiring for agreement between worker and company conducting work outsourcing does not take the form of a certain time labor agreement (PKWT), but is in the form of an indefinite time agreement (PKWTT). The consequences of termination of contract for the Employment Service Provider who laid off his employees for the law, the employer shall be entitled to grant the right to his employees in accordance with the Manpower Act, Kepmenaker No. Kep. 150/Men/2000 on the Settlement of Termination of Employment and Stipulation of Severance, Money of Work and Indemnification. Then the government also stipulates the Decree of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia no. Kep. 76/Men/2001 on Amendment to several articles of Minister of Manpower Decree no. Kep. 150 / Men / 2000 on the Settlement of Termination of Employment and Stipulation of Severance, Money of Work and Indemnification at the Company.

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KAJIAN NORMATIF MENGENAI HUBUNGAN ANTAR LEMBAGA NEGARA DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR TAHUN 1945: SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH AMANDEMEN

Hukum dan Masyarakat Madani ◽

10.26623/humani.v6i1.855 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Tri Mulyani

Keyword(s):

Supreme Court ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Vice President ◽

The State ◽

State Agency ◽

Constitutional Court ◽

State Institutions ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government ◽

The Relationship

Negara Indonesia adalah Negara hukum, artinya bahwa negara yang menempatkan hukum sebagai dasar kekuasaan negara dan penyelenggaraan kekuasaan tersebut dalam segala bentuknya dilakukan di bawah kekuasaan hukum. Sifat dari negara hukum hanya dapat ditunjukkan apabila alat-alat perlengkapan negara yaitu lembaga-lembaga negara bertindak menurut dan terikat kepada aturan-aturan yang telah ditetapkan. Lembaga Tinggi Negara yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah Lembaga Tinggi Negara yang nama, fungsi dan kewenanganya dibentuk berdasarkan Konstitusi atau Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 yaitu: Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Mahkamah Agung, Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan. Sehubungan dengan dasar pembentukan Lembaga Tinggi Negara adalah Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, dan telah mengalami amandemen 4 kali maka struktur dan hubungan mereka dalam menjalakan tugas pemerintahan dari sebelum dan sesudah amandemen tentunya juga mengalami perubahan. Dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dan uraian yang diskriptif analisis, ditemukan jawaban bahwa struktur lembaga negara beserta hubungan diantara lembaga negara telah mengalami pergeseran setelah dilakukan amandemen. Pada dasarnya hubungan diantara lembaga negara tidak banyak mengalami perubahan. Namun perubahan itu justru tampak dalam struktur lembaga negaranya. Sebelum amandemen struktur lembaga negara terdiri dari MPR sebagai lembaga tertinggi, Presiden, DPR, DPA, BPK dan MA. Namun setelah dilakukan amandemen lembaga negara berkembang yaitu MPR, DPR, DPD, Presiden, MA, MK, dan BPK. Perbedaanya ada dipoint pengapusan istilah lembaga tertinggi, sehingga semua menjadi lembaga tinggi negara. Indonesia is a country of law, meaning that the country as the law is the basis of state power and the implementation of the power in all its forms is done under the rule of law. The nature of the state law can only be shown if the scientific equipment is state state institutions and bound to act according to the rules that have been set. State Agency referred to in this research is the State Agency name, function and an arbitrary set up under the Constitution or the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945, namely: President and Vice-President, People's Consultative Assembly, the House of Representatives, Regional Representatives Council, The Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court, and the Supreme Audit Agency. In connection with establishing the State Agency is the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945, and has undergone amendments 4 times the structures and their relationship to run the task of the government before and after the amendment would also change. With normative juridical approach, and a description of the descriptive analysis, found the answer that the structure of state institutions as well as the relationship between the state institutions have experienced a shift after the amendment. Basically the relationship between the state institutions has not changed much. But it is precisely looked into the institutional structure of the country. Prior to the amendment of the structure of state institutions consist of the Assembly as the highest institution, President, Parliament, DPA, BPK and MA. However, after the amendment of the developing state institutions, namely the MPR, DPR, DPD, President, Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, and the CPC. No difference dipoint term elimination highest institution, so all became state institutions.

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