scholarly journals Psoriasis in pregnancy: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Nahla Shihab ◽  
Michael Tyutyunik ◽  
Mark Lebwohl
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Erythematous Plaque ◽  
Physiologic Change ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Complex Autoimmune Disease ◽  
In Pregnancy

Psoriasis is a complex autoimmune disease, most commonly characterized by silvery scale erythematous plaque. During pregnancy, there is a physiologic change of immunology status, which shifts from an inflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory state, in order to avoid fetal rejection. As a result of this immunomodulatory changes, the majority of pregnant patients experience improvement of their psoriasis. The treatment of psoriasis in pregnancy can be challenging, mainly because there is only a few evidence-based studies. The objective of this paper is to review the relevant data on psoriasis in pregnancy and its treatment.

scholarly journals Smac BV6 Has Proapoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Activated by TLR9 Ligand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
donatella lattuada ◽  
Claudia Casnici ◽  
Katia Crotta ◽  
Ornella marelli
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Synovial Fibroblasts ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF) are one of the most important cells contributing reumathoid artritis (RA) pathogenesis. The critical role of the Toll-like receptor in inflammation and on autoimmune disease is not fully known. Data rising predominantly from human patients and animal models of autoimmune disease indicate that inappropriate triggering of TLR pathways by exogenous or endogenous ligands may cause the initiation and/or perpetuation of autoimmune reactions and tissue damage. Particularly, the role of TLR9 in RA is still a subject of debate and among TLRs, TLR9 is the only receptor which detects unmethylated CpG motifs in DNA (ODN), and is located intracellularly in endosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. RASFs stimulated by ODN are apoptosis-resistant and contribute to the pathogenesis of RA by producing cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, which degrade the extracellular matrix. Then, we evaluated the proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory activity of the smac BV6 on RASF cultured in synovial fluid (SF), to reproduce the physiopathological environmental characteristics of RA joints. Furthermore, BV6 induces a significant inhibition of the secretion of IL15, TNF alpha, IL6, stimulation of pannus formation, and damage of bone and cartilage in RA. Moreover the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and the cleavage of capase 3 and 8 are dramatically increased in the presence of BV6. Furthermore, TLR9 elicited a robust IFN induction and we reported that in RASF treated with ODN and BV6 the expression of IRF7 is enhanced. Our observations demonstrate that BV6 has beneficial regulatory effects on the inflammatory state induced by TLR9 activation.

Inflammatory Biomarkers in Atrial Fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effimia Zacharia ◽  
Nikolaos Papageorgiou ◽  
Adam Ioannou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Spyridon Papaioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

During the last few years, a significant number of studies have attempted to clarify the underlying mechanisms that lead to the presentation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Inflammation is a key component of the pathophysiological processes that lead to the development of AF; the amplification of inflammatory pathways triggers AF, and, in tandem, AF increases the inflammatory state. Indeed, the plasma levels of several inflammatory biomarkers are elevated in patients with AF. In addition, the levels of specific inflammatory biomarkers may provide information regarding to the AF duration. Several small studies have assessed the role of anti-inflammatory treatment in atrial fibrillation but the results have been contradictory. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the role of inflammation in AF and whether anti-inflammatory medications should be routinely administered to patients with AF.

Evidence-based management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagjit Khosla ◽  
Reshma Golamari ◽  
Alice Cai ◽  
Jamal Benson ◽  
Wilbert S Aronow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Ventricular Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
In Pregnancy

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic disorder resulting in fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium. Genetic mutations in genes encoding for desmosome proteins result in a ventricular myocardium prone to arrhythmias and heart failure. Although ARVC is known for a few decades, most of the outcomes in pregnancy are reported recently. Pregnancy leads to significant physiological changes with excess mechanical stress on the myocardium. All the retrospective studies suggest that pregnancy is well tolerated in these patients despite the high risk of arrhythmias and heart failure. Our review focuses on the most up-to-date evidence on the management of ARVC patients during the antepartum and postpartum period.

scholarly journals Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Melanie S. Matos ◽  
José D. Anastácio ◽  
Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Inflammatory Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.

scholarly journals In vitro evidence for the involvement of H2S pathway in the effect of clodronate during inflammatory response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Montanaro ◽  
Alessio D’Addona ◽  
Andrea Izzo ◽  
Carlo Ruosi ◽  
Vincenzo Brancaleone
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

AbstractClodronate is a bisphosphonate agent commonly used as anti-osteoporotic drug. Throughout its use, additional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been reported, although the benefits described in the literature could not solely relate to their inhibition of bone resorption. Thus, the purpose of our in vitro study is to investigate whether there are underlying mechanisms explaining the anti-inflammatory effect of clodronate and possibly involving hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Immortalised fibroblast-like synoviocyte cells (K4IM) were cultured and treated with clodronate in presence of TNF-α. Clodronate significantly modulated iNOS expression elicited by TNF-α. Inflammatory markers induced by TNF-α, including IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES, were also suppressed following administration of clodronate. Furthermore, the reduction in enzymatic biosynthesis of CSE-derived H2S, together with the reduction in CSE expression associated with TNF-α treatment, was reverted by clodronate, thus rescuing endogenous H2S pathway activity. Clodronate displays antinflammatory properties through the modulation of H2S pathway and cytokines levels, thus assuring the control of the inflammatory state. Although further investigation is needed to stress out how clodronate exerts its control on H2S pathway, here we showed for the first the involvement of H2S in the additive beneficial effects observed following clodronate therapy.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet: Role in Healthy Aging

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Kristine Stromsnes ◽  
Angela G. Correas ◽  
Jenny Lehmann ◽  
Juan Gambini ◽  
Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
The Body ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is a physiological process involved in the defenses of the body and the repair of tissues. It is acutely activated by infections, trauma, toxins, or allergic reactions. However, if it becomes chronic, inflammation can end up stimulating the development of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, neurological disease, or cancer. Additionally, during aging, inflammation becomes increasingly more chronic. Furthermore, we found that certain foods, such as saturated fats, have pro-inflammatory activity. Taking this into account, in this review we have discussed different diets with possible anti-inflammatory activity, the commonly ingested components of each diet and their active compounds. In addition, we have proposed some dietary guidelines, as well as a list of compounds present in foods with anti-inflammatory activity, outlining how to combine them to achieve optimal anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we can conclude that the compounds in our diet with anti-inflammatory activity could help alleviate the inflammatory processes derived from diseases and unhealthy diets, and thereby promote healthy aging.

scholarly journals Canadian Association of Radiologists Recommendations for the Safe Use of MRI During Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 084653712110156
Author(s):  
Pejman Jabehdar Maralani ◽  
Anish Kapadia ◽  
Grace Liu ◽  
Felipe Moretti ◽  
Hournaz Ghandehari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Fetal Safety ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
In Pregnancy

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during pregnancy is associated with concerns among patients and health professionals with regards to fetal safety. In this work, the Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) Working Group on MRI in Pregnancy presents recommendations for the use of MRI in pregnancy, derived from literature review as well as expert panel opinions and discussions. The working group, which consists of academic subspecialty radiologists and obstetrician-gynaecologists, aimed to provide updated, evidence-based recommendations addressing safety domains related to energy deposition, acoustic noise, and gadolinium-based contrast agent use based on magnetic field strength (1.5T and 3T) and trimester scanned, in addition to the effects of sedative use and occupational exposure.

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