scholarly journals Rexy is a new medium-ripe variety of table carrots

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
М.А. Косенко ◽  
А.Н. Ховрин
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Commercial Yield

Сдерживающие факторы производства моркови в России – недостаток увлажнения, экстремальный температурный режим, поражаемость альтернариозом. Основное промышленное производство корнеплодных культур сосредоточено в Центральном, Южном и Приволжском федеральных округах, в которых выращивают около 70% валового сбора. Лидерами по объему производства моркови в 2018 году стали Волгоградская, Московская, Новгородская, Самарская области и Краснодарский край. Из года в год увеличивается потребление моркови и соответственно возрастает ее производство. Санкции дали российским производителям возможность заменить качественный импортный продукт на отечественный, и мы должны этим воспользоваться. Цель работы: оценить потенциал нового сорта моркови столовой Рекси отечественной селекции, отвечающего современным требованиям товарного производства. Исследования проводили в условиях открытого грунта в селекционном севообороте Агрофирмы «Поиск» (Московская область) в 2019–2020 годах. Новый перспективный сорт моркови столовой Рекси выведен и испытан в Московской, Ивановской, Рязанской и Смоленской областях. Среднеспелый. Розетка листьев полупрямостоячая. Лист длинный, зеленый, крупнорассеченный. Корнеплод короткий, конический со слабым сбегом и слегка заостренным основанием (сортотип Шантенэ). Сердцевина и кора оранжевые. Масса корнеплода – 152–201 г. Содержание сухого вещества – 11,5%, общего сахара – 7,2%, каротина – до 18,9 мг на 100 г сырого вещества. Сорт проходил производственные испытания в крупнейшем овощеводческом товарном хозяйстве ЗАО «Куликово» (Дмитровский район Московской области) на площади 10 га. В условиях овощного севооборота у сорта отмечена высокая товарная урожайность на раннюю продукцию – 56 т/га. Выход товарной продукции – 90,4%. В результате испытаний 2019–2020 годов на четырех госсортоучастках РФ выявлено, что средняя урожайность сорта за два года составила 71,93 т/га. Наибольшие показатели урожайности сорта Рекси отмечены в Рязанской и Московской областях. Доля стандартной продукции в среднем по областям составила 86,2%, наибольший показатель отмечен в Московской области – 95,7%. Constraining factors of production of carrots in Russia are: lack of moisture, extreme temperature conditions, morbidity of alternariosis. The main industrial production of root crops is concentrated in the Central, Southern and Volga Federal Districts, where about 70% of the gross harvest is grown. The leaders in terms of carrot production in 2018 were the Volgograd, Moscow, Novgorod, Samara regions and the Krasnodar Territory. The consumption of carrots is growing from year to year, and production is growing accordingly. The sanctions have given Russian manufacturers the opportunity to replace a high-quality imported product with a domestic one, and we must take advantage of this. The purpose of the work: to assess the potential of a new variety of table carrot Rexy of domestic selection that meets the modern requirements of commodity production. The research was carried out in open ground conditions in the selection crop rotation of the Poisk agrofirm (Moscow region) in 2019–2020. A new promising variety of Rexy carrots has been bred and tested in the Moscow, Ivanovo, Ryazan and Smolensk regions. Medium-ripened. The rosette of the leaves is semi-erect. The leaf is long, green, coarsely dissected. The root crop is short, conical with a weak shoot and a slightly pointed base (Chantenay variety type). The core and bark are orange. The weight of the root crop is 152–201 g. The content of dry matter is 11.5%, total sugar – 7.2%, carotene up to 18.9 mg per 100 g of raw matter. He passed production tests in the largest vegetable-growing commodity farm of CJSC Kulikovo (Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow region) on an area of 10 hectares. In the conditions of vegetable crop rotation, the variety has a high commercial yield for early products – 56 t/ha. The yield of marketable products is 90.4%. As a result of tests in 2019–2020 at four state-owned agricultural sites of the Russian Federation, it was revealed that the average yield of the variety for two years was 71.93 t/ha. The highest productivity indicators of the Rexy variety were noted in the Ryazan and Moscow regions. The share of standard products on average in the regions was 86.2%, the highest figure was recorded in the Moscow region – 95.7%.

scholarly journals Results of testing the new variety of carrots in the conditions of the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
L. А. Yusupova
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Vegetable Breeding ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
Commercial Yield

Relevance. ICarrots are known all over the world. It contains a large amount of carotene-provitamin A and a lot of useful substances – vitamin C, sugar pectin’s, potassium, and essential oils. This valuable crop is grown all over the world and in different weather and climatic conditions. When growing carrots, it is necessary to carefully select varieties and hybrids that will give a high commercial yield, as well as are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.Materials and methods. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 in the fields of the Biryuchekut vegetable breeding experimental station of the branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center in open ground conditions. The object of research was the varieties of carrots.Results. While breeding work on the Biryuchekutsky vegetable breeding experimental station a new variety of carrot Aksinya was obtained. In 2018, it was included in the station variety test. The new promising variety has an earlier maturation period on average 10 days earlier than the standards, a conical, blunt-edged form of orange-colored root crops with high taste qualities. The yield is at the level of 45 t / ha. It has excellent preservation during winter storage, resistance to diseases, as well as the ability to grow in arid and hot climates on heavy soils, while maintaining a high marketability of 72-76%.

scholarly journals F1Mustang – a new hybrid of carrots

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
А.Н. Ховрин ◽  
М.А. Косенко
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
State Register ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Commercial Yield

В России как сорта, так и гибриды моркови, выращивают в большом объеме. При этом существуют сдерживающие факторы ее производства, а именно: недостаток увлажнения, экстремальный температурный режим, поражаемость альтернариозом. Из года в год растет потребление моркови и, соответственно, растет спрос. Из числа зарегистрированных в Госреестре 49% – гибриды F1моркови столовой. Из них 28% отечественной селекции (селекции ФГБНУ ФНЦО, Агрохолдинга «Поиск», ООО «Селекционная станция имени Н.Н. Тимофеева» и др.), а иностранных фирм («Бейо», «Райк Цваан», «Монсанто» и др.) – 72%. Из-за интенсивного земледелия идет накопление болезней, а, следовательно, создание новых устойчивых гибридов становится более результативным, чем применение повышенных доз фунгицидов. Исследования проводили в условиях открытого грунта Московской области. Индивидуальную оценку по комплексу морфологических и хозяйственно-биологических признаков моркови проводили согласно стандартным методикам. Выведен и испытан в Московской и Тамбовской областях новый перспективный гибрид моркови столовой F1Мустанг. Среднеспелый гибрид, сортотип Берликум/Нантская. Розетка листьев полупрямостоячая. Корнеплод гладкий, цилиндрический со сбегом к основанию, тупоконечный, длиной 17–19 см, оранжевого цвета. Сердцевина маленькая оранжевая. Масса корнеплода 180–210 г. Характеризуется стабильной урожайностью и пригодностью к длительному хранению корнеплодов. Содержание сухого вещества 10,5–15,0%, сахаров 8,5–11,0%, каротина до 20 мг на 100 г сырого вещества. Проходил производственные испытания в крупнейшем овощеводческом товарном хозяйстве ЗАО «Куликово» (Дмитровский район Московской области) на площади 10 га. Показал хороший результат по урожайности и товарности. Товарная урожайность – 60,0–73,0 т/ га. Выход товарной продукции – 85–90%. В 2019 году проходил государственное сортоиспытание в Центральном регионе РФ (Ивановская, Московская, Рязанская, Смоленская области). Наибольший показатель урожайности гибрида F1Мустанг был отмечен в Рязанской области (116 т/га) и Московской области (65 т/га). Дегустационная оценка свежей продукции составляла от 4,0 до 4,4 балла. Высокая оценка была получена в Московской области. Доля стандартной продукции в среднем по областям составила 80,0%, наибольший показатель отмечен в Московской области – 94,4%. In Russia, carrots are grown in large quantities, both varieties and hybrids. At the same time, there are restraining factors of its production, namely: lack of moisture, extreme temperature conditions, the incidence of alternariosis. From year to year, the consumption of carrots is growing and the demand is growing accordingly. Of those registered in the state register, 49% are F1 hybrids of canteen carrots. Of these, 28% of the domestic selection (selection Federal Scientific Vegetable Centre, Poisk Agro Holding, LLC «Breeding station named after N. N. Timofeev» etc.) and foreign firms (Bejo, Rijk Zwaan, Monsanto, etc.) – 72%. Due to intensive farming, there is an accumulation of diseases, therefore, the breeding of new resistant hybrids becomes more effective than the use of increased doses of fungicides. The research was carried out in the open ground of the Moscow region. Individual assessment of the complex of morphological and economic-biological characteristics of carrots was carried out according to standard methods. A new promising hybrid of carrots, the F1 Mustang, has been developed and tested in the Moscow and Tambov regions. Medium-bodied hybrid, berlicum/nantes variety type. The rosette of leaves is semi-erect. The root crop is smooth, cylindrical with a shoot to the base, obtuse, 17–19 cm long, orange in color. The core is small orange. Root crop weight 180–210 g. It is characterized by a stable yield and suitability for long-term storage of root crops. The content of dry matter 10.5–15.0%, sugars 8.5–11.0%, carotene up to 20 mg per 100 g of raw material. Passed production tests in the largest vegetable-growing commodity farm of JSC «Kulikovo» (Dmitrov district, Moscow region), on an area of 10 hectares. It showed good results, productivity and marketability. Commercial yield – 60,0–73,0 t/ha. The yield of commercial products is 85–90%. In 2019, he passed the state variety testing in the Central region of the Russian Federation (Ivanovo, Moscow, Ryazan, and Smolensk regions). The highest yield of the F1Mustang hybrid was recorded in the Ryazan region at 116 t/ha. and the Moscow region 65 t/ha. The tasting rating of fresh products ranged from 4.0 to 4.4 points. A high rating was received in the Moscow region. The share of standard products on average in the regions was 80.0%, the highest figure was recorded in the Moscow region – 94.4%.

scholarly journals The promising variety of European radish Ophelia grown in protected and open ground conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012058
Author(s):  
M A Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Medium Size ◽  
Main Task ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Greenhouse Vegetable

Abstract Among the existing variety of vegetables, table root crops are very popular both in the Russian Federation and abroad: carrots, beets, radishes, turnips and parsnips. These crops are sources of natural vitamins; due to low prices for marketable products and seeds, they have been cultivated in Russia. Among all vegetables, radish ranks first by the content of potassium, magnesium and calcium salts; it also contains iron and phosphorus. When growing new varieties and hybrids of radish suitable for the mechanized harvesting, one should pay attention to the strength of leaves, the erectness of leaf rosettes, the uniformity of immersion in the soil and the easy pull-out of root crops. The collection of root crops Raphanus sativus L. VIR is annually replenished with numerous samples of the latest selection, primarily from China, Japan, and the Netherlands, as well as samples collected in Central Asia and the Caucasus. The main task of greenhouse vegetable growing is year-round or off-season production of high-quality vegetables (daikon, radish and turnip). As a result of the research, a new variety of European summer radish Ophelia was created for growing in protected and open ground conditions. It is an early ripening variety: it takes 33-38 days from full germination to the beginning of economic ripeness. Leaf rosettes are of medium size, light green. The vegetable has white elliptical roots. The Base is rounded. The pulp is white and opaque

Бьянка – новый сорт редьки

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Kosenko ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Compact Leaf ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Early Ripening

Выведен и испытан в Московской области новый перспективный сорт редьки европейской летней Бьянка для защищенного и открытого грунта. Отбор проводили по признаку устойчивости к цветушности, высокой товарности и урожайности, однородности по форме корнеплода. Описаны хозяйственно ценные признаки. Сорт пригоден для ранневесенних и летних посевов, скороспелый (от полных всходов до начала хозяйственной годности – 35–40 суток), с компактной листовой розеткой. Формирует корнеплод в условиях короткого и длинного светового дня. Устойчив к преждевременному цветению. Средняя масса корнеплода 45 г, урожайность 4,2–4,5 кг/м2.A new promising cultivar of European summer Bianca radish for protected and open ground has been bred and tested in the Moscow region. The breeding was performed for traits of sustainability to boltering, high yield and marketability, uniformity in the shape of the root. The economically valuable signs are described. The variety is suitable for early spring and summer crops, early ripening (from full germination to the beginning of economic validity – 35–40 days), with a compact leaf outlet. It forms the root crop in conditions of short and long daylight hours. Resistant to premature flowering. The average weight of the root 45 g, yield 4,2–4,5 kg/m2.

scholarly journals Phenological traits of red amaranth varieties with a high content of amaranthine cultivated in open fields of Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yurievna Platonova ◽  
Carlos Javier Torres Mino ◽  
Ekaterina Muratovna Gins ◽  
Murat Sabirovich Gins ◽  
Elena Valerievna Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Open Fields

The article focuses on phenological features of amaranth varieties grown in open fields as a reaction to variability of weather conditions in the Moscow region. Amaranthine is one of the promising compounds found in red-colored amaranths. It refers to a class of betalain pigments. The study revealed growth stages defined by the highest content of amarantine per plant and analyzed accumulation of the pigment in amaranth leaves and inflorescences. Phenological observations of introduced plant species under new conditions are important and determine their resistance to adverse environmental factors, ability to produce high quality fruits and seeds, and potential for cultivation. During the introduction of new amaranth varieties, the most adapted forms were selected for the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation in 2013-2016. The studied Russian and Ecuador varieties were divided into 4 groups depending on the growth period (from germination to seed maturity). Analysis of phenological traits of plants confirmed that period of amaranth development did not depend on the variety, except the fourth stage of late-ripening cultivars - Don Pedro and Eku 17020, dependent on weather conditions. Being dependent on weather conditions, the vegetative growth period turned to be the most stable. Late cv. Eku 17020 did not form mature seeds in open ground conditions, which is explained by its origin (Ecuador). In the present study we identified growth stages when plant raw materials had the highest dye content in red-leaved amaranth varieties (Valentina, Don Pedro and Fakel). We also considered the perspective of cultivation of green-leaved varieties with red inflorescences - Pamyati Kovasa and Eku-17020 - as sources of biologically valuable compounds in the Moscow region.

Экологическое испытание гибрида огурца F1 Энеж 21 в открытом грунте

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Chistyakova ◽  
O.V. Baklanova ◽  
E.L. Makarova ◽  
Yu.V. Bortsova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Pickling Cucumber ◽  
West Central ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
The Russian Federation

Приведены результаты испытания нового перспективного партенокарпического гибрида огурца корнишонного типа F1 Энеж 21, созданного селекционерами агрохолдинга «Поиск», в условиях открытого грунта в Северо-Западном, Центральном и Волго-Вятском регионах Российской Федерации: Костромская, Ярославская, Московская, Рязанская, Тульская область и Чувашская Республика. Высокие потенциальные возможности и адаптационные свойства гибрида F1 Энеж 21 наиболее значимо проявляются в Московской области (63,8 т/га), Чувашской Республике (39,4 т/га) и Рязанской области (31,2 т/га).The article presents the results of testing a new promising parthenocarpic pickling cucumber hybrid F1 Enezh 21, selected by the breedrs of the Agricultural holding «Poisk» in conditions of open ground in the North-West, Central and Volga-Vyatka regions of the Russian Federation: Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula regions and the Chuvash Republic. The high potential and adaptation characteristic of the F1 Enezh 21 hybrid are most significantly presented in condition of the Moscow region (63.8 t / ha), the Chuvash Republic (39.4 t / ha) and the Ryazan region (31.2 t / ha).

scholarly journals Energy efficiency of technology of cultivation of agricultural crops on the irrigated lands of the South of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Vozhegova ◽  
◽  
N. M. Galchenko ◽  
D. I. Kotelnikov ◽  
V. M. Мaliarchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Harvest Residues ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
No Till ◽  
Productivity Indicators

The article reflects the results of research on the study of crop rotation productivity and energy efficiency components of crop rotation technology in terms of depending on different methods and depth of basic tillage. The purpose of the research was to determine the impact of basic tillage and fertilization on crop rotation productivity indicators and indicators of economic efficiency of crop rotation technology in irrigated conditions in the south of Ukraine. Methods: the field, in-gravimetric, visual, laboratory, calculation-comparative, mathematically-statistical and confessedly in Ukraine methods and methodical recommendations. The research was conducted during 2016-2019 in the research fields of the Askanian SARS IIA NAAS of Ukraine. Results. The use of differentiated and shallow single-depth system of basic tillage to the same productivity indicators at the level of 8.21 and 8.22 t.o.o./ha of products. However, the use of shallow tillage with different depths increased the productivity to 8.49 tons of water/ha, or 3.3%, and with no-till the lowest productivity was obtained 7.15 tons of water/ha. At the same time, the organo-mineral system of fertilizer N90P40 + green manure + crop residues yielded at the level of 7.61 tons per hectare. The improvement of nitrogen nutrition of crop rotations to N105P40 + green manure to get her with the earning of crop residues increased this figure to 8.06 ton so.o./ha, or 5.9% more than the control. At the same time, the maximum productivity indicators of 8.52 tons per hectare were obtained for the N120P40 system + green manure + post-harvest residues, which is actually 12% more than in the control. The reduction of total energy consumption was obtained with a shallow single-depth system of main cultivation of 26.45 GJ/ha, and the lowest values of 25.27 GJ/ha were obtained with no-till, which is 6.8% less than in the control. Application of organo-mineral fertilizer system N90P40 + green manure + post harvest residues formed costs at the level of 24.94 GJ/ha, increase of nitrogen nutrition of crop rotations to N105P40 + green manure with post harvest residues increased costs to 26.35 GJ/ha, and the highest costs 26.37 GJ/ha was obtained in the variant N120P40 + green manure, where the figures were higher by 11.5% compared to the control. Almost the same energy yield was obtained for differentiated and single-depth shallow tillage systems 127.33 and 127.64 GJha, respectively. The application of the system of multi-depth tillage increased the yield to 133.24 GJ/ha. Conclusion. The calculation of energy efficiency testifies that growing of agricultural cultures at bringing of N120Р40 + green manure + post-harvest residues in the system of the plowless on different depth is most expedient and justified from the power point of view. Technology of growing, which is based on these agrotechnology measures provides the receipt of maximal energy coefficient at the level of 4,96

scholarly journals Soil organic carbon sequestration according to two Geoset long-term field experiments in the Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
K.O. Prokopyeva ◽  
V.A. Romanenkov ◽  
N.K. Sidorenkova ◽  
P.V. Krasilnikov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Stocks

The feasibility of implementing the "4 ppm" initiative, which assumes an annual increase in organic carbon stocks of agricultural soils in the layer 0-40 cm, was estimated with the dynamic carbon model RothC in two long-term DAOS experiments in the Moscow region, conducted in neighbouring fields for 74 and 76 years. Treatments included absolute control, application of organic, mineral, organic and mineral fertilizers at increasing rates. One of the experiments showed the growth of C stocks 12‰ in the layer 0-20 cm in the first 20 years in treatments with mineral fertilization, and 17‰ with the additional application of manure in an average annual rate of 10 Mg·ha-1. The accumulation of C allowed increasing its stock by 18-25%. Still, with the subsequent decline in crop rotation productivity, there was a loss of part of the previously accumulated C. In another experiment, at close values of annual C input, there was a loss of initial C stock due to the history of land use. The crop rotation adjustment provided a 3-8 ‰ increase of soil C in the 0-20 cm layer in the first 20 years after introduction but was insufficient to match the "4 ppm" initiative. In the long term, the organic fertilizer system had an advantage over the mineral one in ensuring the stability of organic C stocks in the arable layer. However, the management of C sequestration was complicated in the non-equilibrium state of the carbon system "plant residues-organic fertilizer-soil".

Семенная продуктивность материнской линии партенокарпического огурца F1 Троя в зависимости от площади питания

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Ushanov ◽  
A.A. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Seed Sowing

В работе исследованы влияние различных схем размещения семеноводческого посева на рост и развитие семенных растений и семенную продуктивность партенокарпического короткоплодного гибрида огурца F1 Троя в условиях открытого грунта Московского региона. Наибольшая урожайность и выход семян из семенника были получены при контрольной схеме посадки (140+70) × 20 см и составили 1,49 ц/га и 0,32% соответственно, а масса 1000 семян – 24,2 г.In this paper, we investigated the effect of different schemes of placement of seed sowing on the growth and development of seed plants and seed production of female line of parthenocarpic F1 hybrid cucumber Troy in the open ground in the Moscow region. The highest yield of seed and the yield of seed from testis were obtained with the scheme of planting (140+70) × 20 cm and amounted to 149 kg/ha and 0.32%, respectively, while 1000 seed weight was 24.2 g.

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