scholarly journals Analysis of technologies for preparing herbal flour

2021 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
И.В. Семенов ◽  
Ю.А. Шапошников
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
The Cost

В рамках данной работы проанализированы общие принципы реализации процесса приготовления травяной витаминизированной муки. Объектом данного исследования является технологический процесс приготовления данного концентрированного сухого корма, в частности такие операции, как измельчение, сушка и помол растительного сырья. Предметом данного исследования является снижение затрат энергии на выполнение перечисленных операций. Регулярный спрос на данный продукт и недефицитность сырья, делает актуальной задачу по снижению общей себестоимости продукции путем снижения затрачиваемых мощностей. Цель проводимого исследования заключается в поиске способа снижения затрат энергии для приготовления травяной муки. Исследование проводилось путем анализа принципов работы существующей аппаратуры и перспективных разработок, выявлялись преимущества и недостатки технических решений, а также основные противоречия, препятствующие увеличению эффективности при изменении параметров работы. По итогам анализа сформулирована основная концепция развития технологического процесса, описаны противоречия, препятствующие ее реализации. Результаты работы применимы в дальнейших прикладных научно-исследовательских работах и опытно-конструкторских разработках по созданию аппаратуры для приготовления травяной муки и аналогичных сухих кормов, перевооружению и реорганизации данных производств. В результате проведенной работы выяснено, что только изменение принципа работы аппаратуры позволит добиться увеличения эффективности технологического процесса производства. Изменение режимов работы существующей аппаратуры не позволяет поднять эффективность процесса в целом, так как возрастает потребность в энергии у процессов, сопутствующих основному. This work is aimed at analyzing the general principles of the implementation of the process of preparing herbal vitaminized flour. The object of this study is the technological process of preparing this concentrated dry feed, in particular, such operations as grinding, drying and milling plant materials. The subject of this study is the reduction of energy consumption for the performance of the listed operations. The demand for this product and the abundance of raw materials makes the task of reducing the cost of production and energy costs actual. The aim of this research is to find a way to reduce energy costs for making herbal flour. The study was carried out by analyzing the principles of operation of the existing equipment and promising developments; the advantages and disadvantages of technical solutions, as well as the main contradictions that hinder the increase in efficiency when changing the operating parameters, were revealed. Based on the analysis results, the main concept of the technological process development was formulated, the contradictions that hinder its implementation were described. The results of the work are applicable in further applied research and development work on the creation of equipment for the preparation of grass meal and similar dry fodder, re-equipment and reorganization of these industries. As a result of the work carried out, it was found that only a change in the principle of operation of the equipment will increase the efficiency of the production process. Changing the operating modes of the existing equipment does not allow to increase the efficiency of the process as a whole, since the demand for energy in the processes accompanying the main one increases.

scholarly journals CERTIFICATION OF VEGETABLE OILS AND QUALITY CONTROL IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
CH Bekmurotov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Product Classification ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
The Cost

The article reviewed the certification and quality control of the technological process for the production of vegetable oil. There is a procedure for packaging, quality control of products, determination of quality indicators and quality control of finished products. The procedure for using refined cottonseed oil and its varieties, the requirements for placement and storage of vegetable oils, as specified in the regulatory documents, the quality control of vegetable oils and other solutions for cottonseed oil are provided. The gas analyzer shows a solution for measuring the amount of solution by painting the tubes of a mixture of gas and air in oil. Detailed information on the production of vegetable oils, the cost of raw materials, the level of fat content of cotton seeds and the methods used to produce oil from cotton seeds. Methods for certification of vegetable oils, types of quality control, methods of testing and quality determination are presented. It was shown that the procedure for refined production of cottonseed oils and their types, as well as the state of the product classification of products based on the method of producing vegetable oils for consumer purposes, analysis of the sequence of refined oils and refining processes.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF WASHING FOOD VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Gladushnyak ◽  
Oleksandr Vsevolodov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Washing Machines ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

The article is devoted to the issues of rational consumption of clean water for carrying out the technological process of washing vegetable raw materials, as well as finding out the reasons for the high energy costs of the technological process of washing. The requirements of state standards that are presented to raw materials supplied to canning enterprises for the processing and production of canned foods are described. The amount of soil contamination and the number of microorganisms that are allowed by the relevant standards on the surface of root crops are indicated. It also indicates the inadmissibility of using water that does not meet the requirements of the standards. The modern equipment of the world leading manufacturers of equipment for washing plant materials and some domestic manufacturers is considered. The main directions of using clean water for the technological process of washing vegetable raw materials are considered. The amount of clean running water used for washing is indicated, which on average exceeds 1.5 ... 2 times that accepted in industry. The characteristics of some modern washing machines are given, the reasons for the increased clean water consumption, as well as the drive power of the washing machines, are described. The average value of specific electricity consumption per 1 kg of washed raw material is given. To solve the issues of rational consumption of clean running water, as well as reducing power to drive washers, a technological process that uses a two-stage washer with a section of "dry washing" of vegetable raw materials is proposed. By coordinating the washing regimes in the two-stage method, it is possible to significantly reduce both the flow rate of clean running water and the energy consumption for the washing process of raw materials. The article shows a diagram of a universal two-stage washer for washing plant materials, in particular root crops. The proposed method and design of the machine that implements this method are protected by the patent of Ukraine No. 107488 for the invention.

Sonochemistry Effects Influence on the Adjustments of Raw Materials and Finished Goods Properties in Food Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Naumenko ◽  
I.V. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Water Activation ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
The Cost

Nowadays there are many ways to improve the quality of raw materials, to shorten the technological process and increase the persistence of bread and flour products. Most of them are based on the introduction of extra components to the recipe to facilitate fermentation processes intensification and protein matrix swelling starch development. Introduction of additional components often causes an increase in the cost of finished products and falls on the consumers spending. Also, we cannot ignore the fact that the introduction of extra components changes the traditional recipe much. Because of this, the study of the physical nature factors that are used for intensification of biotechnological processes becoming very popular. The article points out that physical nature factors used to intensify that biotechnological processes can be viewed by water activation that obtained by ultrasound (US) exposure.

scholarly journals РОЗРОБКА САЙТУ ДЛЯ НАДАННЯ ПОСЛУГ КОПІРАЙТИНГУ

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
Святослав Геннадійович Ігунов ◽  
Олександр Борисович Лещенко ◽  
Юлія Олександрівна Лещенко
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
Web Documents ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with the task of developing information technology for the provision of copywriting services. The topic of the article is due to the fact that any Internet resource requires the availability of relevant content for further development. An important component for information and news portals, author's blogs, online stores, corporate and personal sites are texts. The main activity of the copywriter is the writing of texts on an order, the creation of content for sites with the deduction of audience prestige, and the requirements of search engines. A review of the dynamics of changes in popularity, seasonality, growth and fail from the side of users is presented. The existing most common providers of copywriting services are considered: the stock exchange – the site of Advego, the studio of Denis Kaplunov, freelance. The advantages and disadvantages of all types of services are revealed. An overview of the most powerful and most popular free content management systems (CMS – Content management system) Joomla, WordPress, Drupal is also presented. Taking into account the obvious advantages and disadvantages of each of these systems, it is defined that CMS is most suitable for solving the tasks and is optimal for the development of the site. To search for fuzzy duplicate Web documents, it is suggested to use the shingle algorithm. The diagram of variants of using the work of providing copywriting services is developed. To support the work of the site a database model was developed. The environment, development tools, language tools and the operating modes of the site are described. The presented site allows companies to solve such issues as reducing the cost of searching for copywriters, checking their level of qualification, time spent on organizing the process, maintaining the necessary documentation, including accounting. The texts for the customer are created faster because several people can work on them and order some other additional services presented on the site. The developed site for providing copywriting services is designed for use by large and small companies, private enterprises, individual individuals and owners of Internet resources

scholarly journals Modernization of the Technology for Producing Sulfonate Greases

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
A. V. Peskovets ◽  
◽  
A. S. Surovtsev ◽  
B. P. Tonkonogov ◽  
L. N. Bagdasarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

The existing technology for the production of sulfonate greases is too long, which leads to significant energy costs for the drive of mixing devices and heating of reactors. The invesigation considers the version of reducing the time spent on heating raw materials. Modification of the technological process does not lead to changes in the operational and physico-chemical parameters of the finished sulfonate grease.

scholarly journals Management of Energy Costs of Industrial Enterprises Connected to Electric Grid of Electric Power Producers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
Anatoly Dzyuba ◽  
Alexander Semikolenov
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Pricing Options ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Components

Industrial enterprises connected to the power grids of electricity producers spend a lot of money on the transport of purchased electrical energy. The present article introduces some opportunities to minimize the costs. The author studied the principles of pricing of the transport of electrical energy purchased by industrial enterprises connected to power grids of electricity producers and described the advantages and disadvantages of the existing pricing options. The new indicator generator of voltage tariff coefficient made it possible to analyze the effectiveness of the transport tariffs for electrical energy at various types of industrial enterprises in relation to the tariff field of several regions of Russia. The study revealed ineffectiveness of the current tariffs on the transport of purchased electrical energy applied by such industrial enterprises. The author developed recommendations to reduce the cost of electricity. The main priority option was the application of demand management for electricity consumption by regulating the schedules of energy-intensive technological processes. This measure takes into account the criteria of economic efficiency, system reliability, and sustainability. It will enable industrial enterprises to manage their own schedule of electricity consumption without having to change the planned production volumes, thus reducing all cost components.

scholarly journals Obtaining formaldehyde on a new catalytic system

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
I. N. Shumkova ◽  
T. S. Linkova ◽  
D. N. Zemskii ◽  
O. V. Khabibrakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Dehydrogenation ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Oxidation Of Methanol ◽  
The Cost

Formaldehyde is widely used in many fields of industry. The increase in the need for formaldehyde led to an increase in scientific research, the purpose of which is to obtain the greatest yield of the product (formaldehyde) with minimal costs for raw materials, catalyst and its regeneration, energy carriers, etc. At industrial plants for the production of formaldehyde by oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol on the silver on pumice catalyst, the process temperature is maintained at 600 ° C. The process of obtaining formaldehyde by oxidation of methanol with air oxygen at the combination of catalysts "silver" and "silver on pumice" in the temperature range of 250–450 °C is investigated. The results showed the possibility of practical application of the combined catalyst. Chemical and technological parameters of the process with the use of a new catalyst are slightly lower than production indicators, however, the temperature of the pilot process is 2 times lower - this will reduce not only the energy costs, but also increase the life of the catalyst and the cost of its regeneration.

METHOD OF GRINDING OF GRAIN RAW MATERIALS FOR FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Ю. ШАЗЗО ◽  
Е.В. СОЛОВЬЁВА ◽  
В.А. МАКИЯН ◽  
Е.А. СТЕПАНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Module Size ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Different Cultures

Исследовано влияние подготовки зернового сырья на качество получаемого комбикорма. Объектом исследования было зерно пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя. Для получения комбикорма зерно измельчали на плющильном станке Neuero (Германия), на котором в зависимости от технологических свойств перерабатываемого зерна можно измельчать его или получать плющеные продукты. Установлено, что при измельчении зерна пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя влажностью до 12 полученные частицы зерна разных культур значительно различаются по величине и образуется до 25 мелкодисперсной фракции, что ухудшает в дальнейшем процесс смешивания, а также увеличивает потери продукта. При плющении зерна пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя после его увлажнения до 13,513,9 и отволаживания в течение двух часов количество мелкодисперсной фракции в полученном продукте уменьшается в 34 раза, частицы плющеного зерна разных культур незначительно отличаются по величине, а показатель модуля крупности увеличивается в 1,33 раза в зависимости от культуры, поэтому полученные плющеные продукты из зерна разных культур легко смешиваются. Производство комбикорма с использованием плющильного станка Neuero по предложенной схеме подготовки зернового сырья на животноводческих предприятиях и в личных подсобных хозяйствах экономически выгодно, поскольку сократит транспортные и энергетические расходы, что, в свою очередь, существенно снизит себестоимость животноводческой продукции. Influence of preparation of grain raw materials on quality of the obtained compound feed is investigated. Grain of fodder wheat, corn, soybeans, barley was the object of research. To obtain feed grain was processed on the flattening machine Neuro (Germany), which, depending on the technological properties of the processed grain can grind it or obtain flattened products. It was found that when grinding grain of feed wheat, corn, soybeans, barley with humidity up to 12, the obtained grain particles of different cultures differ significantly in size and up to 25 of the fine product is formed, which further worsens the mixing process, and also increases product losses. With the flattening of wheat forage, corn, soybeans, barley after the moisture up to 13,513,9 and binning within two hours the amount of fine fraction in the resulting product is reduced in 34 times, particles flattened grain different cultures differ slightly in size, and an indicator module size increases are 1,33 times, depending on the culture, so the resulting flattened products of grain of different cultures are mixed easily. The production of compound feed using flattening machine Neuro on the proposed scheme of preparation of grain raw materials for livestock enterprises and household farms cost-effective, as it will reduce transport and energy costs, which in turn will significantly reduce the cost of livestock production.

scholarly journals Pulsed infrared radiation for drying raw materials of plant and animal origin

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Buyanova ◽  
Igor Altukhov ◽  
Nikolay Tsuglenok ◽  
Olga Krieger ◽  
Egor Kashirskih
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Infrared Drying ◽  
Infrared Emitters

The paper describes physical characteristics of drying animal- and plant-based raw materials with pulsed infrared emitters. Furthermore, it discusses how to select and use infrared emitters to produce high quality products with a long shelf-life. Using an experimental facility, we identified basic patterns of changes in the heat flux density. We also analysed the drying thermograms and assessed the influence of process factors on the removal of moisture from raw materials and the preservation of biologically active substances in dried and concentrated products. We determined specific kinetics of drying in different modes of power supply and selected the most efficient pulsed cera- mic emitters. These emitters had a high rate of heat transfer and an ability to accurately target molecular bonds, thus reducing the drying time and energy costs. Mathematical modelling enabled us to obtain specific values of process parameters for pulsed infrared drying of plant materials. The heating time constant was calculated for root and tuber vegetables, depending on their moisture content and size. The study showed that root and tuber vegetables should not be heated to more than 60°C when irradiated with a 500 W medium-wave emitter at a working distance of 250 mm during a full 10-minute cycle. The optimal modes of drying liquid products with milk and plant proteins included a heating power of 400 W, a radiant heating temperature of 60°C, and a layer thickness of 10 mm. The selected modes of pulsed infrared drying of sugar-containing root and tuber vegetables reduced the duration of moisture removal by 16–20% and cut energy costs by 16.6%. This unconventional method of infrared drying of whole milk, whey, whey drinks, and milk mixture preserves beneficial microflora and increases the nutritional value and shelf-life, with a pos- sible content of chemically bound water of polymolecular and monomolecular adsorption ranging from 10 to 15.58%.

scholarly journals Study On Parameters and Operating Modes of the Device for Deseeding Flax in the Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
V. G. Chernikov ◽  
R. A. Rostovtsev ◽  
S. V. Solov’ev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
The Cost

The authors showed that the main technological process in the combined and separate methods of fiber flax harvesting is deseeding or separating the seed part of the crop from the stems. It was confirmed that there is a direct impact of this process success on seed and straw losses, the fiber yield and quality, the heap composition, the labor intensity and energy consumption of flax drying and processing. (Research purpose) To develop a technology for stripping fiber flax with a comb deseeder during harvesting, to study the deseeder’s specifications and operating modes. (Materials and methods) The authors studied the technological process of stripping flax with a comb deseeder. An experimental plant of a comb deseeder was designed. A model of theoretical calculation was proposed based on the physical and mechanical properties of fiber flax and agrotechnical requirements for its harvesting. (Results and discussion) The authors theoretically determined the comb deseeder’s optimal height, operation kinematic mode, stripping cleanliness, the radius of the stripper drum. Laboratory studies were conducted. It was shown that threshing seeds in the field will reduce the loss of flax seeds by 10 per cent and the stem waste due to tangling during the harvesting process – by 18 per cent. It will also reduce the number of harvesting vehicles, personnel, and the cost of product. The authors identified an opportunity to increase productivity by increasing the width of the header grip: for example, the width of a grain harvester header is about 4 meters, and the width of a flax harvester header is 1.52 meters, that is, the productivity of flax harvesting will increase 2.6 times at the same speed, and 3 times at a higher speed. It was possible to eliminate one piece of equipment – a heap separating machine, since the technological operation of heap processing is carried out by a grain harvester. (Conclusions) The authors presented a theoretical substantiation of the comb deseeder’s operating parameters and modes for stripping fiber flax in the field. The authors proposed a model to determine them based on the physical and mechanical properties of flax and agrotechnical requirements for its harvesting.

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