Evaluation of PC12 Cell Neural Differentiation on Graphene Coated ITO Microchips

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tansu Golcez ◽  
Fikri seven ◽  
Ozan Karaman ◽  
Mustafa Sen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

In this study, the impact of graphene on neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells into neuron-like cells was evaluated in conjunction with electrical stimuli. First, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) microchip with a certain number of electrodes was fabricated using photolithography and then a chemically synthesized graphene was coated on the microchip. The electrical stimulation was applied through the ITO-microchip. Following optimization of neuronal differentiation conditions, the effect of AC and DC electrical stimulation on both bare and graphene-coated ITO-microchips for neuronal differentiation was investigated. According to the results, it was observed that electrical stimulation with direct current for 30 minutes caused a large degree of neuronal cell differentiation on the graphene coated ITO-microchips. The results were also verified by real-time qPCR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of PC12 Cell Neural Differentiation on Graphene Coated ITO Microchips

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tansu Golcez ◽  
Fikri seven ◽  
Ozan Karaman ◽  
Mustafa Sen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

In this study, the impact of graphene on neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells into neuron-like cells was evaluated in conjunction with electrical stimuli. First, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) microchip with a certain number of electrodes was fabricated using photolithography and then a chemically synthesized graphene was coated on the microchip. The electrical stimulation was applied through the ITO-microchip. Following optimization of neuronal differentiation conditions, the effect of AC and DC electrical stimulation on both bare and graphene-coated ITO-microchips for neuronal differentiation was investigated. According to the results, it was observed that electrical stimulation with direct current for 30 minutes caused a large degree of neuronal cell differentiation on the graphene coated ITO-microchips. The results were also verified by real-time qPCR.

Neuronal Outgrowth and Differentiation on Poly(glycerol sebacate)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Casey ◽  
Sabrina S. Jedlicka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe importance of the extracellular mechanical environment in stem cell differentiation has been extensively studied over the last decade. In neuronal cell differentiation, matrix stiffness and neurite outgrowth have been correlated, highlighting the impact of matrix effects on neuronal cell morphology. In addition, on materials that approach the physiological mechanical properties of brain tissue, neurons from mixed phenotype primary cultures will prevail. However, if the same mixed culture is grown on polystyrene, glial populations are more prevalent. Enhancing the understanding of these differentiation processes will further expand the ability to design materials for neuronal implants that are conducive to neuronal survival, resist glial scarring and promote neurite outgrowth and cell connectivity. Specifically, elastomers such as poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) hold promise in neuronal tissue engineering, due to their mechanical tunability. PGS is biocompatible, biodegradable and possesses mechanical properties similar to that of living tissue. Neuronal cell differentiation was studied on PGS, using P19 embryonic carcinoma cells, which can be differentiated into a neuronal phenotype using retinoic acid. Varying cure temperatures of PGS including 120°, 140° and 165°C were selected, which equate to an elastic modulus of 0.07, 0.43 and 2.30 MPa respectively. Cells were characterized via immunocytochemistry. A primarily astrocytic population, with limited neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth were observed on the PGS 120°C. Cells grown on PGS 140°C demonstrated marked neurite outgrowth, with an increase in neuronal cells. Cells grown on the PGS 165°C exhibited the largest population of neurons, with significant neurite outgrowth. These results indicate that substrate mechanical properties do impact neuronal differentiation, but that a material with a Young’s modulus similar to that of neuronal tissue (PGS 120°C) may not necessarily be the most conducive to in vitro differentiation.

scholarly journals PEDOT doped with algal, mammalian and synthetic dopants: polymer properties, protein and cell interactions, and influence of electrical stimulation on neuronal cell differentiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1250-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Molino ◽  
L. Garcia ◽  
E. M. Stewart ◽  
M. Lamaze ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Interactions ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation

PEDOT films were electrochemically polymerised with synthetic and biological dopants, characterised, and their interactions with proteins and neuronal cells investigated.

scholarly journals Investigating the Regulation of Neural Differentiation and Injury in PC12 Cells Using Microstructure Topographic Cues

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Xindi Sun ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiuqing Gong ◽  
Guohui Hu ◽  
Jun-Yi Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Axon Extension ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Topographical Cues ◽  
Length Analysis

In this study, we designed and manufactured a series of different microstructure topographical cues for inducing neuronal differentiation of cells in vitro, with different topography, sizes, and structural complexities. We cultured PC12 cells in these microstructure cues and then induced neural differentiation using nerve growth factor (NGF). The pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 is a validated neuronal cell model that is widely used to study neuronal differentiation. Relevant markers of neural differentiation and cytoskeletal F-actin were characterized. Cellular immunofluorescence detection and axon length analysis showed that the differentiation of PC12 cells was significantly different under different isotropic and anisotropic topographic cues. The expression differences of the growth cone marker growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and sympathetic nerve marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) genes were also studied in different topographic cues. Our results revealed that the physical environment has an important influence on the differentiation of neuronal cells, and 3D constraints could be used to guide axon extension. In addition, the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used to detect the differentiation and injury of PC12 cells under different topographic cues. Finally, we discussed the feasibility of combining the topographic cues and the microfluidic chip for neural differentiation research.

Para-substituted sulfonic acid-doped protonated emeraldine salt nanobuds: a potent neural interface targeting PC12 cell interactions and promotes neuronal cell differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Shrestha ◽  
Bishnu Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Oh Kwang Joong ◽  
Chan Hee Park ◽  
Cheol Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neural Interface ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Emeraldine Salt ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Conductive System

Surface functionalized protonated emeraldine salt (PES) synthesized at 0.18 V provide robust electrically conductive system with low surface resistivity (81.18 mΩ). The PES show ability of cell-type specific microenvironment supporting PC12 cells for neural differentiation.

Emerging Proof of Protein Misfolding and Interactions in Multifactorial Alzheimer's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (26) ◽  
pp. 2380-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sahab Uddin ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Md. Ataur Rahman ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Asma Perveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Misfolded Proteins ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the extracellular accumulations of amyloid beta (Aβ) as senile plaques and intracellular aggregations of tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in specific brain regions. In this review, we focus on the interaction of Aβ and tau with cytosolic proteins and several cell organelles as well as associated neurotoxicity in AD. Summary: Misfolded proteins present in cells accompanied by correctly folded, intermediately folded, as well as unfolded species. Misfolded proteins can be degraded or refolded properly with the aid of chaperone proteins, which are playing a pivotal role in protein folding, trafficking as well as intermediate stabilization in healthy cells. The continuous aggregation of misfolded proteins in the absence of their proper clearance could result in amyloid disease including AD. The neuropathological changes of AD brain include the atypical cellular accumulation of misfolded proteins as well as the loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex and certain subcortical regions. The mechanism of neurodegeneration in AD that leads to severe neuronal cell death and memory dysfunctions is not completely understood until now. Conclusion: Examining the impact, as well as the consequences of protein misfolding, could help to uncover the molecular etiologies behind the complicated AD pathogenesis.

Smo-Shh signaling activator purmorphamine ameliorates neurobehavioral, molecular, and morphological alterations in an intracerebroventricular propionic acid-induced experimental model of autism

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110134
Author(s):  
S Rahi ◽  
R Gupta ◽  
A Sharma ◽  
S Mehan
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disease ◽  
Shh Pathway ◽  
Apoptotic Markers ◽  
The Impact

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disease characterized by cognitive and sensorimotor impairment. Numerous research findings have consistently shown that alteration of Smo-Shh (smoothened-sonic hedgehog) signaling during the developmental process plays a significant role in ASD and triggers neuronal changes by promoting neuroinflammation and apoptotic markers. Purmorphamine (PUR), a small purine-derived agonist of the Smo-Shh pathway, shows resistance to hippocampal neuronal cell oxidation and decreases neuronal cell death. The goal of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective potential of PUR in brain intoxication induced by intracerebroventricular-propionic acid (ICV-PPA) in rats, with a focus on its effect on Smo-Shh regulation in the brain of rats. In addition, we analyze the impact of PUR on myelin basic protein (MBP) and apoptotic markers such as Caspase-3, Bax (pro-apoptotic), and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) in rat brain homogenates. Chronic ICV-PPA infusion was administered consecutively for 11 days to induce autism in rats. In order to investigate behavioral alterations, rats were tested for spatial learning in the Morris Water Maze (MWM), locomotive alterations using actophotometer, and beam crossing task, while Forced Swimming Test (FST) for depressive behavior. PUR treatment with 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg (i.p.) was administered from day 12 to 44. Besides cellular, molecular and neuroinflammatory analyses, neurotransmitter levels and oxidative markers have also been studied in brain homogenates. The results of this study have shown that PUR increases the level of Smo-Shh and restores the neurochemical levels, and potentially prevents morphological changes, including demyelination.

scholarly journals Modulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Electrical Stimulation Using an Enzymatic Biofuel Cell

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Won-Yong Jeon ◽  
Seyoung Mun ◽  
Wei Beng Ng ◽  
Keunsoo Kang ◽  
Kyudong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Impact

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) have excellent potential as components in bioelectronic devices, especially as active biointerfaces to regulate stem cell behavior for regenerative medicine applications. However, it remains unclear to what extent EBFC-generated electrical stimulation can regulate the functional behavior of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) at the morphological and gene expression levels. Herein, we investigated the effect of EBFC-generated electrical stimulation on hAD-MSC cell morphology and gene expression using next-generation RNA sequencing. We tested three different electrical currents, 127 ± 9, 248 ± 15, and 598 ± 75 nA/cm2, in mesenchymal stem cells. We performed transcriptome profiling to analyze the impact of EBFC-derived electrical current on gene expression using next generation sequencing (NGS). We also observed changes in cytoskeleton arrangement and analyzed gene expression that depends on the electrical stimulation. The electrical stimulation of EBFC changes cell morphology through cytoskeleton re-arrangement. In particular, the results of whole transcriptome NGS showed that specific gene clusters were up- or down-regulated depending on the magnitude of applied electrical current of EBFC. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that EBFC-generated electrical stimulation can influence the morphological and gene expression properties of stem cells; such capabilities can be useful for regenerative medicine applications such as bioelectronic devices.

scholarly journals MitoQ Is Able to Modulate Apoptosis and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4753
Author(s):  
Elisa Piscianz ◽  
Alessandra Tesser ◽  
Erika Rimondi ◽  
Elisabetta Melloni ◽  
Claudio Celeghini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation ◽  
The Impact

Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger that is characterized by high bioavailability. Prior studies have demonstrated its neuroprotective potential. Indeed, the release of reactive oxygen species due to damage to mitochondrial components plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to examine the impact of the inflammation platform activation on the neuronal cell line (DAOY) treated with specific inflammatory stimuli and whether MitoQ addition can modulate these deregulations. DAOY cells were pre-treated with MitoQ and then stimulated by a blockade of the cholesterol pathway, also called mevalonate pathway, using a statin, mimicking cholesterol deregulation, a common parameter present in some neurodegenerative and autoinflammatory diseases. To verify the role played by MitoQ, we examined the expression of genes involved in the inflammation mechanism and the mitochondrial activity at different time points. In this experimental design, MitoQ showed a protective effect against the blockade of the mevalonate pathway in a short period (12 h) but did not persist for a long time (24 and 48 h). The results obtained highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of MitoQ and open the question about its application as an effective adjuvant for the treatment of the autoinflammatory disease characterized by a cholesterol deregulation pathway that involves mitochondrial homeostasis.

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