scholarly journals Features of the expression of melatonin MT1 receptors in the general cover of rats caused by light deprivation

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
I. S. Sobolevskaya ◽  
M. I. Krasnobaeva ◽  
O. D. Myadelets
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
White Male ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Light Deprivation ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Group 2

Background. It has now been established that any change in the synchronized work of the circadian clock leads to a disruption of the body's regulatory systems, which consists in the development of metabolic disorders and tissue damage. Objective: to study the dynamics of the expression of the MT1 melatonin receptor in the skin of white male rats under light deprivation. Methods. In this work, using immunohistochemistry, the features of the expression of receptors for melatonin (MT1) were studied. The experiments were performed on outbred male rats weighing 170-220 g, which were divided into 2 groups; intact - animals kept under standard fixed lighting conditions (12 h light / 12 h dark); Group 2 - animals with simulated light deprivation in conditions of round-the-clock darkness (24 hours of darkness). Results. A strong circadian dependence of the expression of MT1 melatonin receptors in the general integument was established. In the cells of the epidermis and sebaceous glands, by the 14th day, MT1 expression significantly decreased, which then sharply increased by the 21st day. In the keratinocytes of the epidermis, a wavelike character of changes in indicators is noted throughout the study: an increase (7th day) - a decrease (14th day) - a sharp increase (21st day). Conclusion. Initially, light deprivation leads to a decrease in the number of immunopositive cells, and then their level increases compensatory, which is one of the manifestations of the body's adaptation mechanisms to chronodestruction.

scholarly journals Effect of exogenous melatonin and flaxseed oil on the expression state of MT1 receptors in rat skin under light deprivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
I.S. Sobolevskaya ◽  
M.I. Krasnobaeva ◽  
O.D. Myadelets
Keyword(s):  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Melatonin Receptors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Light Deprivation ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Corrective Effect

Most of the skin cells have their own autonomous functional circadian system, which is able to control physiological and biochemical processes in the general integument. A special role in these processes is assigned to the “clock” hormone of the pineal gland, melatonin, which acts on target cells through specific receptors (MT1, MT2, MT3 and RORα). Any disturbance of circadian rhythms can lead to rearrangements (disturbances) in the receptor apparatus of the cells of the general cover, which require a certain correction. Consequently, there is a need to search for effective and reliable drugs that will prevent the negative consequences caused by chronodestruction. In the present work, we studied the effectiveness of the effect of exogenous melatonin and flaxseed oil on the expression of MT1 receptors in the general coat of rats under light deprivation. An experimental study was carried out on 130 white outbred male rats (170-220 g), which were randomly divided into 5 groups: intact, light deprivation animals, light deprivation animals, which were injected intragastrically with flaxseed oil and melatonin. On days 7, 14 and 21, histological material was taken (fragments of the skin of the interscapular region of the back). For immunohistochemical studies, serial sections were stained using MTNR1A polyclonal antibodies. For morphometric data analysis, the Image Scope Color and ImageJ computer programs were used. All statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software. Differences were considered significant at a significance level of less than 0.01 (p <0.01). In the course of the experiment, it was found that light deprivation contributes to a change in the activity of expression of the MT1 melatonin receptors in the epidermis, sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Studies have shown that the administration of flaxseed oil, melatonin, and their combination to rats with desynchronosis is accompanied by the leveling of the adverse effect of desynchronosis on the studied parameters of MT1 receptors. The most pronounced corrective effect on the expression of MT1 receptors is observed with the introduction of exogenous melatonin on the 21st day of the experiment.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IMUNOPHAN ON MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PEYER'S PATCHES IN SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS UNDER IMMUNOSUPPRESSION INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
E.N. Morozova ◽  
V.N. Morozov ◽  
A.V. Tverskaya
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intact Rats

The aim of the study is to analyze morphometric parameters and histological structure of Peyer's patches in the small intestine of rats after imunofan administration under immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphan. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 36 white male rats (210–250 gramms). The animals were divided into two groups. Rats of Group 1 were injected with cyclophosphamide on the 1st day of the experiment (200 mg/kg). On the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days they received imunofan (0.7 μg/kg). Group 2 consisted of intact rats. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th, 30th, and 90th days after imunofan administration. The authors measured the length and width of Peyer's patches, and the distance from the ileocecal angle to the first patch. We also examined the height and width of lymph nodes and internodal zones on histological sections. Results. On the 7th and 30th days of our study the length and width of Peyer's patches increased by 18.71 %/16.94 % and 3.56 %/24.22 % respectively in mature animals, compared with the intact rats. At the same time, the distance from the ileocecal angle to the 1st Peyer’s patch decreased by 6.15 % and 19.80 %. The micrography showed that the height and width of the lymph nodes of Peyer's patches in experimental animals increased by 29.79 %/12.73 % (Day 7) and 10.49 %/12.46 % (Day 30) in comparison with the intact rats. The linear sizes of internodal zones increased by 39.35 %/10.33 % (Day 7) and 4.77 %/4.25 % (Day 30). By the 90th day, the macroscopic parameters of Peyer's patches, the height and width of their lymph nodules and internodal zones approxomated those of intact animals. Conclusion. When using imunofan under experimental immunosuppression, macro- and micromorphometric parameters of Peyer's patches of the small intestine of mature rats gradually approximated those in intact rats, which indicated the leveling of cyclophosphan immunosuppressive effect. Key words: rats, small intestine, Peyer's patches, imunofan, cyclophosphan. Цель исследования – изучение морфометрических параметров и гистологического строения пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки крыс после введения имунофана на фоне иммуносупрессии, вызванной циклофосфаном. Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на 36 белых крысах-самцах массой 210–250 г. Животные были разделены на две группы. В I группе крысам в 1-е сут эксперимента вводился циклофосфан в дозе 200 мг/кг, на 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-е сут – имунофан в дозе 0,7 мкг/кг массы тела; II группу составили интактные крысы. Животные выводились из эксперимента на 7, 30, 90-е сут после завершения введения имунофана. Измерялись длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек, а также расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них, а на гистологических срезах – высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон. Результаты. У половозрелых животных на 7-е и 30-е сут наблюдения длина и ширина пейеровых бляшек увеличивалась на 18,71 и 16,94 % и 3,56 и 24,22 % соответственно по сравнению с данными интактных крыс, а расстояние от илеоцекального угла до первой из них уменьшалось на 6,15 и 19,80 %. При микроскопическом исследовании высота и ширина лимфатических узелков пейеровых бляшек были больше по сравнению с данными интактных крыс на 29,79 и 12,73 % (7-е сут), 10,49 и 12,46 % (30-е сут), а линейные размеры межузелковых зон – на 39,35 и 10,33 % (7-е сут), 4,77 и 4,25 % (30-е сут). К 90-м сут макроскопические параметры пейеровых бляшек, а также высота и ширина их лимфатических узелков и межузелковых зон приближались к данным интактных животных. Выводы. При использовании имунофана на фоне экспериментальной иммуносупрессии значения исследуемых макро- и микроморфометрических параметров пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки половозрелых крыс в ходе эксперимента постепенно приближались к аналогичным показателям интактных крыс, что свидетельствует о нивелировании иммуносупрессивного эффекта циклофосфана. Ключевые слова: крысы, тонкая кишка, пейеровы бляшки, имунофан, циклофосфан.

scholarly journals Рівень інсуліноподібного фактору росту-1 та гідроген сульфіду у щурів з неалкогольною жировою хворобою печінки, асоційованою з гіпергомоцистеїнемією

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Nekrut ◽  
N. V. Zaichko ◽  
O. B. Strutinska
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Homocysteine Thiolactone ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Standard Diet Group

Introduction. Evolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often accompanied by increased levels of homocysteine, on the other hand hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) is considered as an independent factor for steatosis and fibrosis of the liver. An important role in regulating of liver functional state has IGF-1 and gas mediator – hydrogen sulfide (H2S), but their role in the pathogenesis NAFLD associated with HHC, is not certain.The aim of the study – to investigate level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in blood and concentration of H2S in the liver of rats with NAFLD induced by high fat diet (HFD) and its combination with HHC.Methods of the research. The experiment was performed on 56 white male rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 and group 2 received standard diet, group 3 and group 4 received HFD for 60 days. Rats from groups 2 and 4 were injected іntragastrically daily by thiolakton homocysteine in the dose of 100 mg/kg. After experiment the levels of homocysteine and IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver of rats were determined.Results and Discussion. Homocysteine thiolactone or HFD and especially their combination causes a reduction of IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver of rats. Rats with NAFLD associated with HHC had levels of H2S and IGF-1 significantly lower (respectively 22.6 % and 32.2 %) than that of rats with purely NAFLD. The level of homocysteine is inversely correlated with the level of IGF-1 in blood and the level of H2S in the liver (r= -0.68, -0.73, р<0.01). Formation of deficit аntifibrotic mediators (IGF-1 and H2S) may be a factor in the progression NAFLD associated with HHC.Conclusions. 60-day use of HFD or homocysteine thiolactone causes reduction of IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver, but the most significant shortage of mediators is as result of the combination HFD with HHC.

Experimental assessment of major regulatory systems (adrenal, thyroid and gonadal) in liver metastases from s45 sarcoma

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
И.В. Каплиева ◽  
Е.М. Франциянц ◽  
Л.К. Трепитаки ◽  
Н.Д. Черярина
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
White Male ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Low T3 ◽  
Testicular Weight

Метастазирование в печень - частый признак прогрессирования злокачественного процесса, механизм которого до конца не изучен. Цель - изучение особенностей функционирования основных систем нейрогуморальной регуляции: надпочечниковой (ГГНС), тиреоидной (ГГТС) и гонадной (ГГГС), на этапах метастазирования саркомы 45 (С45) в печень. Методика. Работа выполнена на 43 белых крысах-самцах. Через 1, 2, 5, 7 нед. от момента введения клеток саркомы 45 в дислоцированную под кожу селезенку. Органы взвешивались, в сыворотке крови (СК) методом РИА исследовали уровни фолликулостимулирующего гормона, лютеинизирующего гормона (ЛГ), тиреотропного гормона, адренокортикотропного гормона, кортизола, альдостерона, общей формы тестостерона, свободной и общей форм тироксина и трийодтиронина (Тсв и Т); методом ИФА - эстрона, эстрадиола, свободного тестостерона. Результаты. Метастазирование в печень сопровождалось активацией с последующим истощением ГГНС со снижением в 1,8 раза уровней кортизола и альдостерона в крови; значительной активацией ГГГС (пятикратное увеличение ЛГ в крови и уменьшение в 1,7 раза массы семенников) вследствие гипотестостеронемии (в 9,7 раза) на фоне гиперэстрадиолемии (в 2,3 раза); активацией ГГТС с формированием «low T» синдрома (в 4,6 раза). Заключение. Процесс метастазирования в печень - системная патология, в основе которой лежат глубокие нарушения работы основных систем регуляции организма. Aim: To evaluate functioning of three major systems of neurohumoral regulation, adrenal (HPA), thyroid (HPT), and gonadal (HPG) axes, in liver metastasis based on weights of organs and blood levels of hormones. Methods: The study included 34 white male rats. Organs were weighted at 1, 2, 5, and 7 weeks after S45 sarcoma cell injections into the subcutaneously transferred spleen; blood serum levels of FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, cortisol, aldosterone, total testosterone, free and total thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were measured by RIA; estrone, estradiol, and free testosterone concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results. The process of liver metastasis was accompanied by activation and following exhaustion of the HPA axis with 1.8 time decreases in blood levels of cortisol and aldosterone , significant activation of the HPG axis (5-fold increased LH level and 59% decreased testicular weight) due to hypotestosteronemia (9.7 times) and hyperestradiolemia (2.3 times), and activation of the HPT axis with the low T3 syndrome (4.6 times). Conclusion. Liver metastasis is a systemic pathology based on profound dysfunction of the major regulatory systems.

scholarly journals Morphological Changes in the Hepatic Tissue at the Impact of Industrial Copper-bearing Dust in the Experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 653-656
Author(s):  
Khamida R. Abdikadirova ◽  
Kymbat Ye. Amreyeva ◽  
Saule B. Zhautikova ◽  
Olga A. Kostyleva ◽  
Fatima S. Abikenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dual Core

BACKGROUND: It is known that an increased intake of copper (Cu) has an adverse effect, and above all leads to the defeat of parenchymal organs, including liver tissue. AIM: This study the morphological changes in the hepatic tissue at the impact of polymetallic Cu dust. METHODS: An experimental study was carried out on the outbred white male rats. Dust was injected once intratracheally at a dose of 50 mg. For dynamic observation, the animals were killed in 1, 3, and 6 months with the control group using instant decapitation. The Balkhash industrial polymetallic dust with a predominant Cu content (Cu-0.6%) was used for the study. Morphological changes were assessed using histological and morphometric methods. RESULTS: Morphometric examination of liver tissue at 30 days showed Vv necrosis increasing in 320 times in Group 2 (p < 0.001), Vv infiltrates – in 121 times (p < 0.001), Vv dystrophic altered hepatocytes – in 19.91 times (p < 0.001), Vv dual-core cells – in 23 times (p < 0.01), and Vv fibrosis – in 2.82 times (p < 0.001) in comparison with Group 1. Vv portal tracts are not reliably changed. In 90 days, there were also the following morphometric parameters increasing in comparison with the control group: Vv necrosis – in 522 times (p < 0.001), Vv infiltrates – in 395 times (p < 0.001), Vv dystrophic altered hepatocytes – in 26.7 times (p < 0.001), Vv dual-core cells – in 314 times (p < 0.01), and Vv fibrosis – in 13.27 times (p < 0.001). On the 180 day of the experiment, there was the increasing of Vv infiltrates in 421 times (p < 0.001), Vv dystrophic altered hepatocytes – in 34.09 times (p < 0.001), Vv dual-core cells – in 411 times (p < 0.001), and Vv fibrosis – in 54.09 times (p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: The impact of polymetallic dust with 0.6% Cu concentration at the early stages leads to the changes in the liver in the form of reactive hepatitis with the following transformation into portal-type hepatitis.

Evaluating the Proposed Mechanism by Which Atorvastatin Can Protect Renal Tissue against Contrast Media: An Animal study

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Media Group

Contrast- induced nephropathy (CIN) is an elevation of serum creatinine of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL from baseline after two to three days of exposure to contrast substance if there is no other cause for acute kidney injury. Atorvastatin may protect normal kidney physiology from contrast- induced kidney injury by effects unrelated to hypolipidemia termed pleiotropic effect by decline of endothelin production, angiotensin system down regulation, and under expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. This study was conducted to assess the strategy by which atorvastatin can achieve protective effect for kidneys after exposure to contrast media in an animal model. A 40 male rats were distributed randomly into 4 groups; ten rats for each: group (1): given normal saline; group (2): CIN group given iopromide as contrast media; group (3): given atorvastatin (20mg/kg) and iopromide; and group (4): given atorvastatin (40mg/kg) and iopromide. Blood collected by cardiac puncture for detection of serum glutathione, malondialdehyde, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and interleukin-18. The results have shown a significant increase in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in contrast media group, and significant reduction in these markers in atorvastatin treated groups, in a dose-dependent manner. As conclusion, atorvastatin mechanism for protection against CIN in a dose-dependent manner can mediate by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

THYMUS VARIABILITY IN WHITE RATS EXPOSED TO FORMALDEHYDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
V.N. Voloshin ◽  
I.S. Voloshina ◽  
I.Yu. Vash
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Formaldehyde Inhalation

The aim of the paper is to study thymus variability in white rats, which were exposed to formaldehyde, and to compare these data with the indicators in control animals. Materials and Methods. The trial enrolled 72 white male rats, initial body weight 40–50 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups (36 rats in each). The first group consisted of control rats. Animals of the second group were exposed to formaldehyde inhalation, 2.766 mg/m3. To characterize the variability of the organ size, centroids were determined. The superposition of landmark configurations was performed using the generalized Procrustes analysis method, MorphoJ 1.06d program. The principal component analysis and canonical analysis of the obtained data were carried out. Results. One-Way ANOVA revealed a high level of intergroup differences in Procrust distance (F=1.34; p<0.0001). The significant effect of the duration of formaldehyde exposure on centroid size was established. The Kruskal-Wallis criterion was 19.778 (p=0.0014). The analysis of the principal components indicated that each of the first 10 components stands for more than 1 % of Procrustes coordinate variance. In this case, the first 7 components compatibly explain 91.398 % of thymus variability. The proportion of the first main component to the total variance of the Procrustes coordinates is 40.236 %. PC1 (-) shows changes in the thymus shape, mostly affecting the tops of its lobes, the middle part of the right boundary and the entire left thymus boundary. The scattering ellipses of the thymus ordinates in rats exposed to formaldehyde, in the first two canonical variables are located higher than those in the control animals. Conclusion. Formaldehyde inhalation leads to thymus changes in white rat. The most significant differences with control data are determined along the second canonical variable. Keywords: thymus, form, rat, formaldehyde, geometric morphometry. Цель. Изучение изменчивости формы тимуса белых крыс, находившихся в условиях влияния формальдегида, и сравнение этих данных с показателями, полученными у контрольных животных. Материалы и методы. Работа выполнена на 72 белых крысах-самцах с начальной массой тела 40–50 г. Животные были разделены на 2 серии (по 36 крыс). Первую серию составляли контрольные крысы. Животные второй серии подвергались ингаляционному воздействию формальдегида (ФА) в концентрации 2,766 мг/м3. Для характеристики изменчивости размеров органов определяли размер их центроидов. Процедуру суперимпозиции конфигураций ландмарок выполняли методом генерализованного прокрустова анализа с использованием программы MorphoJ 1.06d. Проводили анализ главных компонент и канонический анализ полученных данных. Результаты. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ выявил высокий уровень межгрупповых различий по показателю прокрустовых расстояний (F=1,34; р<0,0001). Установлено значительное влияние продолжительности нахождения животных в условиях воздействия ФА на размер центроида. Критерий Краскела–Уоллиса составил 19,778 (р=0,0014). Анализ главных компонент указывал на то, что каждая из первых 10 компонент объясняет более 1 % дисперсии прокрустовых координат. При этом первые 7 компонент совместно объясняют 91,398 % изменчивости формы тимуса. Вклад первой главной компоненты в общую дисперсию прокрустовых координат составляет 40,236 %. РС1 (–) показывает изменения формы тимуса, в большей степени затрагивающие верхушки его долей, среднюю часть правого контура и весь левый контур тимуса. Эллипсы рассеивания ординат тимусов, принадлежащих крысам, подвергавшимся влиянию ФА, в пространстве первых двух канонических переменных расположены выше по отношению к таковым контрольных животных. Заключение. Ингаляционное воздействие формальдегида приводит к изменению формы тимуса белых крыс. Наибольшие различия с контрольными данными определяются вдоль второй канонической переменной. Ключевые слова: тимус, форма, крыса, формальдегид, геометрическая морфометрия.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera Extract Extenuates Echis ocellatus Venom-Induced Toxicities, Histopathological Impairments and Inflammation via Enhancement of Nrf2 Expression in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-115
Author(s):  
Akindele O. Adeyi ◽  
Sodiq O. Adeyemi ◽  
Enoh-Obong P. Effiong ◽  
Babafemi S. Ajisebiola ◽  
Olubisi E. Adeyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Nrf2 Expression ◽  
Potential Remedy

Echis ocellatus snakebite causes more fatalities than all other African snake species combined. Moringa oleifera reportedly possesses an antivenom property. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of M. oleifera ethanol extract (MOE) against E. ocellatus venom (EOV) toxicities. Thirty male rats were grouped as follows (n = 5): Group 1 (normal control received saline), groups 2 to 6 were administered intraperitoneally, 0.22 mg/kg (LD50) of EOV. Group 2 was left untreated while group 3 to 6 were treated post-envenoming with 0.2 mL of polyvalent antivenom, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of MOE respectively. MOE significantly (p<0.05) normalized the altered haematological indices and blood electrolytes profiles. MOE attenuated venom-induced cellular dysfunctions, characterized by a significant increase in NRF2, and concomitant downregulation of increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities in the serum and heart of the treated rats. MOE normalized the elevated TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and heart tissues. Furthermore, the IgG titre value was significantly (p<0.5) higher in the envenomed untreated group compared to the MOE-treated groups. Hemorrhagic, hemolytic and coagulant activities of the venom were strongly inhibited by the MOE dose, dependently. Lesions noticed on tissues of vital organs of untreated rats were abolished by MOE. Our findings substantiate the effectiveness of MOE as a potential remedy against EOV toxicities.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diInduksi Aloksan

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Hafshah . ◽  
Kristina Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
White Male ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Tea Extract ◽  
Post Hoc

The sufferers of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is the highest with fourth number in the world, with a mortality rate of 1.2 million in 2012. Because of it, DM research using antihyperglycemic green tea is needed. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of green tea extracts on decreasing fasting blood glucose (KGDP) levels in alloxan-induced white male Wistar rats. Samples were 30 male rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weight ± 200 grams. Rats were grouped into 6 groups with the first group (K1) as a control, the second group (K2) induced alloxan, the third group (K3) induced alloxan with glibenclamide, the fourth group (K4), the fifth group (K5), and the sixth group (K6) induced alloxan with green tea extract as the treatment with dose of green tea extract, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg. The first, FBG level examination is done 3 days after induction of alloxan using a glucometer. Giving green tea extract was given for 16 days orally, then FBG level re-examined from the tail of rats. One Way ANOVA Test Results, there is the effectiveness of green tea extract on reducing FBG level (p = 0,000). The post hoc Bonferroni test showed that giving 800 mg/kg of green tea extract was the best dose in reducing KGDP close to normal (p = 0,000).

scholarly journals Determination of the cumulative and skin-resorptive action of the Zoodizin disinfectant

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
O. L. Nechyporenko ◽  
A. V. Berezovskyy ◽  
T. І. Fotina ◽  
R. V. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Skin Irritation ◽  
White Male ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
White Female ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Single Effect

The rational organization and implementation of effective disinfection activities plays an important role in the complex of measures for the prevention of infections. The development and introduction of new disinfectants into production is an urgent issue of modern poultry farming. When developing a disinfectant, it is important to determine the cumulative effect of the drug. The purpose of the study was to determine the cumulative and skin-resorptive action of the disinfectant “Zoоdizin”. For the toxicological study of the drug used healthy white male rats and white female rats weighing 200 ± 10 g 1.5 years of age. To study the toxicity of the drug “Zoоdizin” when applied to the skin used the method of immersion of the tails of rats in a test tube with the test substance. The tail was injected 2/3 into a regular tube with a 5 % solution of the drug “Zoоdizin”. The tube was closed with a cork ring whose diameter was slightly larger than the tail diameter. For 15 days, the tubes were placed daily in a water bath at 28–30 °C for 2 hours. Control animals tails were immersed in distilled water. To establish the local action of the drug “Zoodizin” on the mucous membranes of the study drug was introduced into the conjunctival sac of the right eye of the rabbit at a dose of 50 mg, and in the left eye was buried saline in a volume of 0,05 cm3. When studying the cumulative effect of Zoоdizin, no significant changes in the biochemical parameters in the serum of rats were observed. In the study of possible irritant or damaging effect on the skin and the development of contact non-allergic dermatitis found that a single application of disinfectant “Zoоdizin” on the unaffected skin of the back of white rats in the maximum significant recommended concentration of working solutions (2 %) did not cause signs. The single effect of the drug on the intact areas of the skin did not cause skin irritation, but it can be stated that prolonged daily epicutaneous exposure of high concentration (5 %) of the solution of the drug “Zoоdizin”, which is 2.5 times higher than the maximum recommended concentration, caused a general resorption. When assessing the cumulative properties, it was taken into account that the total dose administered to rats was Zodizin 42000 mg/kg body weight and did not result in animal death. It did not allow to calculate the cumulative coefficients for the “lethal effect”. A single effect of the product on the intact areas of the skin did not cause skin irritation, but it can be stated that prolonged daily epicutaneous exposure of a high concentration (5 %) of the Zodizin solution, which is 2.5 times the maximum recommended concentration, caused a general resorption. In the future, it is planned to study the virulidal properties of the biocide “Zoоdizin”.

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