Evaluation of somatotype, dietary intake and blood pressure among female students in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Malaysia

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
K. Khairil-Shazmin ◽  
Siti Hajar R. ◽  
Asma' A. ◽  
H.M. Yusof ◽  
W.M. Wan Abdul Manan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional

Somatotypes is a description of human anatomy, which provides a quantitative overview of physics as an integral whole. Normally it was presented in a three-number rating, in which each number represents a somatotype variable. The first number represents the component of endomorphy (relative fatness), the second number represents the component of mesomorphy (muscularity) and the last number represents the component of ectomorphy (relative linearity). Multiple investigations have shown the association between somatotype with nutrition and health status. This cross-sectional study on the somatotype component, dietary intake and health status have been conducted among ninety-two female UMT students. Somatotype was calculated using the Carter and Health method. Dietary consumption was assessed using the 24-hour dietary recall technique. While blood pressure was assessed by using standard procedure. Median somatotype score of respondents was (6.39, 4.27, 1.10) indicated that respondents were in mesomorphic endomorph category. By further classifying them into dominant somatotype categories, 74% of respondents were endomorph dominant, 14% mesomorph dominant and 12% ectomorph dominant. BMI of the respondent under normal category was 47.8%, followed by obese (21.7%), overweight (18.5%) and underweight (12%). Moreover, the energy intake of respondents was 1533 kcal/day with the median percentage of total energy contributed by macronutrients was 50.26% derived from carbohydrate, 33.46% from fat and 16.71% from protein. The highest fulfilments of micronutrients were vitamin A (89.44%), but vitamin C (29.74%), calcium (42.56%) and iron (37.95%) did not exceed 50% of RNI. However, sodium intake exceeded RNI by 123.36%. Furthermore, the majority of female students have normal blood pressure with (105.53±9.97/74.65±8.55) mm Hg. The relationship between endomorphy component with systolic blood pressure was (r = 0.253, p = 0.015) and ectomorphy component with systolic blood pressure was (- 0.259, p = 0.013). However, there were no relationships between somatotype components and nutrient intake found in this study.

INTERARM SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN POLICE WORKER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somesh Raju ◽  
Rina Kumari ◽  
Sunita Tiwari ◽  
NS Verma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressure Difference ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Interarm systolic blood pressure difference more than 10 mm of Hg is predictor of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Despite of sufficient physical activity there is high prevalence of obesity in police personal because of stressful working environment. No studies have addressed the significance of interarm pressure difference among them. Therefore, the present study conducted to access the relation of interarm blood pressure difference with obesity in police personnel. Aims and Objective: To estimate the interarm pressure difference in police personal to see its association with their obesity. Material and Method: This cross-sectional observational study done on 245 police workers in PAC, Sitapur, India. Subjects having more than ten years of working experience were included in study. Anthropometric measurements of subject recorded by following standard protocol. Measurement of systolic pressure in both arm recorded simultaneously by mercury sphygmomanometer. Available data analyze and expressed in percentage, mean with SD and chi square test to see the significance of association. Results: According to anthropometric results of subjects 77.14 prcent subjects were having generalised obesity and 82.04 percent of subjects having abdominal obesity. 34.29 percent of subjects showed abnormally high (?10 mmHg) inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference. Both type of obesity showed positive association with blood sugar level but no association with interarm pressure difference. Conclusion: Interarm blood pressure difference is greater in individual having obesity or prolong duration of service. Such subjects are more susceptible to develop coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease in future. Early screening can help to detect the vascular events likely to occur in the future Keywords: Body mass index, Waist circumference, Interarm pressure difference, Random blood sugar

scholarly journals Biomarker-estimated flavan-3-ol intake is associated with lower blood pressure in cross-sectional analysis in EPIC Norfolk

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier I. Ottaviani ◽  
Abigail Britten ◽  
Debora Lucarelli ◽  
Robert Luben ◽  
Angela A. Mulligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Reduction

Abstract Flavan-3-ols are a group of bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve vascular function in intervention studies. They are therefore of great interest for the development of dietary recommendation for the prevention of cardio-vascular diseases. However, there are currently no reliable data from observational studies, as the high variability in the flavan-3-ol content of food makes it difficult to estimate actual intake without nutritional biomarkers. In this study, we investigated cross-sectional associations between biomarker-estimated flavan-3-ol intake and blood pressure and other CVD risk markers, as well as longitudinal associations with CVD risk in 25,618 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) Norfolk cohort. High flavan-3-ol intake, achievable as part of an habitual diet, was associated with a significantly lower systolic blood pressure (− 1.9 (− 2.7; − 1.1) mmHg in men and − 2.5 (− 3.3; − 1.8) mmHg in women; lowest vs highest decile of biomarker), comparable to adherence to a Mediterranean Diet or moderate salt reduction. Subgroup analyses showed that hypertensive participants had stronger inverse association between flavan-3-ol biomarker and systolic blood pressure when compared to normotensive participants. Flavanol intake could therefore have a role in the maintenance of cardiovascular health on a population scale.

What Physical Fitness Component Is Most Closely Associated With Adolescents' Blood Pressure?

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloyse E. G. Nunes ◽  
Carlos A. S. Alves ◽  
Eliane C. A. Gonçalves ◽  
Diego A. S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Pressure

This study aimed to determine which of four selected physical fitness variables, would be most associated with blood pressure changes (systolic and diastolic) in a large sample of adolescents. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 1,117 adolescents aged 14–19 years from southern Brazil. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by a digital pressure device, and the selected physical fitness variables were body composition (body mass index), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), muscle strength/resistance (manual dynamometer), and aerobic fitness (Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test). Simple and multiple linear regression analyses revealed that aerobic fitness and muscle strength/resistance best explained variations in systolic blood pressure for boys (17.3% and 7.4% of variance) and girls (7.4% of variance). Aerobic fitness, body composition, and muscle strength/resistance are all important indicators of blood pressure control, but aerobic fitness was a stronger predictor of systolic blood pressure in boys and of diastolic blood pressure in both sexes.

scholarly journals Nutrition Knowledge is Correlated with a Better Dietary Intake in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo C. Noronha ◽  
Monique I. A. F. Santos ◽  
Adrianny A. Santos ◽  
Lizia G. A. Corrente ◽  
Rúbia K. N. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional

Nutrition education is one of the factors that may help to promote behavior change and therefore may improve the dietary habits of adolescent soccer players. However, information about the relationship between nutrition knowledge (NK) and the dietary behavior of these athletes is scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eating habits of adolescent soccer players and analyse the correlations among dietary intake and NK. Seventy-three Brazilian adolescent soccer players (aged 14–19 years), from four professional clubs, underwent anthropometric evaluation and completed 3-day food records. Misreporting of energy intake was evaluated and the dietary intake data were energy-adjusted and compared with recommendations for athletes and dietary reference intakes. The athletes also answered a questionnaire about barriers for healthy eating and a nutrition knowledge test divided into three sections: Basic Nutrition Knowledge (BNK), Sports Nutrition Knowledge (SNK), and Food Pyramid Nutrition Knowledge (FPNK). The participants showed a low NK (54.6%) and an inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. A positive correlation was found between the ingestion of phosphorus and FPNK as well as among calcium and both SNK and Total NK (p<0.05). Sodium intake was negatively correlated with all categories of the NK test (p<0.05). The adolescents reported that the principal barriers for adopting a healthy diet were the lack of willpower and a busy lifestyle. In this context, nutrition education is recommended and should also provide practicable healthy eating goals according to athletes´ lifestyle as well as target motivational barriers to increase adherence.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN INDEKSMASSA TUBUH DAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH LAKI-LAKI DEWASA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Tamariani Manullang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Prevalence of hypertension in adult males was highest in PuskesmasBasuki Rahmat (16.2%) as many as 648 cases of hypertension patients which hasincreased compared to 2012 by 12% in cases of hypertension totaled 482 patients((Dinkes Kota, 2013). This study aims to determine the relationship of body massindex (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with systolic blood pressure (BP) in adultmales in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Bengkulu City in 2015. The study design wasdescriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. Study location was in PuskesmasBasuki Rahmat City of Bengkulu. Samples were selected using purposive samplingtotalling 68 people. Criterias sample were being adult males who occupied inPuskesmas Basuki Rahmat City of Bengkulu, aged ≥ 18 years, agreed to beinterviewed,and able to communicate actively. Data were obtained include BMI, WCand systolic BP adult males and processed using computer software with pearsoncorrelation analysis.The results showed that there was relationship between BMI andsystolic BP (p = 0.0005; r = 0.395); between WC and systolic BP (p = 0.004 and r =0.347) in adult males. This study concluded that there was relationship between BMIand WC with systolic BP in adult males in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Bengkulu Cityin 2015.

scholarly journals Eligibility of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) to the Chinese Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Liping Chen ◽  
Yiyan Zhang ◽  
Juan Jin ◽  
Nannan Li ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Treatment Intensification ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Framingham Risk

Objective. To explore the proportion and characteristic of Chinese adults meeting The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) eligibility criteria and assess its generalizability. Method. Our study was based on a cross-sectional, population-based survey with a sample of 26,093 participants aged over 20 years. The SPRINT eligibility criteria were age ≥ 50 years, elevated SBP of 130 to 180 mmHg depending on the number of antihypertensive medication classes being taken, and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) but without diabetes, history of stroke and estimated glomerular filtration rate < 20   ml / min / 1.73   m 2 , or receiving dialysis. Results. Overall, we estimated that 4,036 (15.5%) participants would meet the SPRINT eligibility criteria. They were generally older, likely to be female, lower educational level, tended to be more overweight, and had higher Framingham risk score compared with overall population or subjects aged ≥ 50 years. Of participants eligible for SPRINT, most (56.2%) of them were not treated for hypertension, and 542 (13.4%) were not previously considered to have hypertension or need for antihypertension therapy. Among the 11,637 adults with hypertension, 3,494 (30.0%) would potentially benefit from treatment intensification. The most common antihypertensive medication class being taken was diuretic agents. Conclusion. A substantial percentage of Chinese subjects meet the SPRINT eligibility criteria. Further studies are needed to assess the cost-effectiveness from treatment intensification in Chinese setting.

scholarly journals Behaviors toward Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Their Relationship with Physical Health Status among Community-dwelling, Middle-aged and Older Women in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Yamada ◽  
Elsi Dwi Hapsari ◽  
Hiroya Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure

We aim to clarify the behaviors toward noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) prevention focusing on lifestyle-related diseases and physical health status and examine their relationship among community-dwelling women in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included women aged 45 years and older. Data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire; the following parameters were also measured: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), handgrip strength, and 10 m gait speed. This study found that the majority of women adopted one or more healthy behaviors to prevent NCDs, while few women practiced comprehensive behaviors. Age, satisfaction with house income, living alone, social support, social participation, and household decision making were the determinant factors for behaviors toward NCDs prevention. A high prevalence of underweight (26.4%), overweight (31.9%), obesity (5.6%), high systolic blood pressure (SBP) (62.5%), and low muscle strength (54.2%) were frequently observed. Eating well-balanced meals, avoiding fatty foods, and undergoing blood cholesterol testing had significant correlations with physical health status. It is concluded that the activities at Posyandu Lansia (health village posts for older adults) are necessary to help women with unhealthy eating behaviors and lower physical activity and unawareness of health checkups to maintain focus and to develop a more practical approach to NCDs prevention.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Risks for High Blood Pressure Among African American Mothers and Daughters

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Y. Taylor ◽  
Rosanna Maddox ◽  
Chun Yi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Buccal Swab ◽  
African American Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
American Women

Objective: To determine the relationship between genetic and environmental lifestyle factors (physical activity and sodium) on blood pressure (BP) among African-American women. Method: In this cross-sectional study involving 108 African-American mothers and daughters from a Midwestern area, investigators obtained BP measurements, information on minutes of physical activity, amount of sodium intake, and buccal swab saliva samples. Results: Of the 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the sodium bicarbonate cotransporter gene (SLC4A5), rs8179526 had a statistically significant interaction with cytosine/thymine (C/T) genotype by sodium status on systolic BP (SBP; p = .0077). For gene × physical activity interaction, 2 significant interactions (cytosine/adenine [C/A] genotype by physical activity and adenine/adenine [A/A] genotype by physical activity, p = .0107 and p = .0171, respectively) on SBP and 1 on diastolic BP (DBP; A/A genotype by physical activity, p = .0233) were found on rs1017783. Two significant guanine/adenine [G/A] genotype by physical activity interactions were found on rs6731545 for SBP and DBP (p = .0160 and p = .0492, respectively). Discussion: A gene × environmental interaction with rs8179526 has a protective effect on SBP in African-American women with high sodium intake. Participants with C/T genotype of rs8179526 who consumed greater than 2,300 mg of sodium had lower SBP than those who consumed less than recommended. Women with thymine/thymine (T/T) genotype of rs8179526 who consumed greater than 2,300 mg had lower SBP than those who consumed less. Awareness of both the protective and deleterious properties of rs8179526 in African-American women may one day assist in determining appropriate treatment plans.

scholarly journals 23. Ambulance Sphygmomanometer Accuracy: Can It Affect Triage to the Trauma Center?

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (S2) ◽  
pp. S33-S33
Author(s):  
Charles E. Cady ◽  
Ronald G. Pirrallo ◽  
Clarence E. Grim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of sphygmomanometers (SPHYGs) from a metropolitan EMS system and quantitate the mis-triage of adult blunt trauma patients based on erroneous systolic blood pressure (SBP) readings.Methods-A: A cross-sectional, convenient sample of 150 SPHYGs was checked for accuracy using industry standards. Mean high and low deviations were calculated at 90 mmHg.Methods-B: Retrospectively, a frequency distribution of the initial SBPs of all blunt trauma patients, age ≥21, seen in 1994 was plotted to characterize our study population. The numbers of patients potentially over- or under-triaged were identified when their reported SBP was corrected for using the mean high and low deviation plus 2 SDs.Results-A: Overall, 25.3% of the SPHYGs were inaccurate. At 90 mmHg, 28.0% (42/150) were inaccurate with 16.7% (7/42) high by 4.6±1.5 mmHg and 81.0% (34/42) low by 6.2±4.2 mmHg; one was inoperable.Results-B: 1,005 adult blunt trauma patients were evaluated; 61 were eliminated: 35 had initial SBPs of 0 mmHg and 26 had no SBP recorded (n = 944). The mean initial SBP was 138 ±30mmHg, and 3.8% (36/944) of the patients had SBPs <90 mmHg. Potentially, 2.0% (19/944) of the patients were undertriaged (initial erroneously high SBP reading 90–98 mmHg) and 2.5% (24/944) over-triaged (initial erroneously low SBP reading 74–90 mmHg).

High-sodium intake prevents pregnancy-induced decrease of blood pressure in the rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. H375-H383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Beauséjour ◽  
Karine Auger ◽  
Jean St-Louis ◽  
Michèle Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
The Impact

Despite an increase of circulatory volume and of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity, pregnancy is paradoxically accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure. We have reported that the decrease in blood pressure was maintained in pregnant rats despite overactivation of RAAS following reduction in sodium intake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the opposite condition, e.g., decreased activation of RAAS during pregnancy in the rat. To do so, 0.9% or 1.8% NaCl in drinking water was given to nonpregnant and pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days (last week of gestation). Increased sodium intakes (between 10- and 20-fold) produced reduction of plasma renin activity and aldosterone in both nonpregnant and pregnant rats. Systolic blood pressure was not affected in nonpregnant rats. However, in pregnant rats, 0.9% sodium supplement prevented the decreased blood pressure. Moreover, an increase of systolic blood pressure was obtained in pregnant rats receiving 1.8% NaCl. The 0.9% sodium supplement did not affect plasma and fetal parameters. However, 1.8% NaCl supplement has larger effects during gestation as shown by increased plasma sodium concentration, hematocrit level, negative water balance, proteinuria, and intrauterine growth restriction. With both sodium supplements, decreased AT1 mRNA levels in the kidney and in the placenta were observed. Our results showed that a high-sodium intake prevents the pregnancy-induced decrease of blood pressure in rats. Nonpregnant rats were able to maintain homeostasis but not the pregnant ones in response to sodium load. Furthermore, pregnant rats on a high-sodium intake (1.8% NaCl) showed some physiological responses that resemble manifestations observed in preeclampsia.

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