scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF BARACK OBAMA’S AND OLUSEGUN OBASANJO’S POLITICAL COMMUNICATION FEATURES AND STYLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-195
Author(s):  
EmmaJimo EmmaJimo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Narrative Paradigm ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Thesis Problem ◽  
Presidential Communication ◽  
Urban Congregations

Governments make calculated human capital commitment to political communication because of its indispensability and effectiveness as a veritable tool, which underlies and is underlined by massive government investment in public communication. Presidential communication is rooted in, influenced, and limited by, usually, certain written codes. This study examined why, when, and how two presidents said what they said, and why they did or not do as said. Thesis problem was unravelling how features and styles of two presidents facilitated their political communication and public policies. Study fitted into two models, using two political communication theories: mainly ‘Aristotelian Political Rhetoric;’ Walter Fisher’s ‘the Narrative Paradigm’ as theoretical guides. Using original communications of two presidents, this comparative and historical study bridged the sparse scholarship on comparative presidential political communication. Data were obtained from purposively selected sample population, collated, analysed and interpreted, deploying multiple instruments, majorly content and discourse analyses chosen for their effectiveness at measuring predetermined variables. Selected published presidential communications 178 and 158 each all totaling 336 obtained from secondary sources formed the sample population. Findings of study revealed both presidents were largely more dissimilar than otherwise. Their backgrounds reflected, not dominated their communications. As communicators, they were urban-romanticisers, but rural-jilters, promoting rural exclusion, and accessibility to selected urban congregations. Obama’s presidential communication was delivered using peculiar styles, like Olusegun Obasanjo’s, both relying on diverse notable features. Conclusively, presidential political communication should be additional statutory responsibility of presidents to legally guarantee accountability, and practical democracy. Presidential communication system must be deconstructed and reconstructed to promote professional speech-making, and polity-connected presidential political communication.

Coming together after a tragedy: how the S.S. Eastland disaster of 1915 affected welfare capitalism and helped shape the Hawthorne studies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Muldoon ◽  
Yaron J. Zoller
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Welfare Capitalism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Plant Site ◽  
Western Electric

Purpose This paper aims to conduct a historical study using both primary (archival data) and secondary sources to evaluate the social conditions of the community of employees at Hawthorne Works between 1907 and 1933. Design/methodology/approach This paper evaluates the historical and social context of the 1915 Eastland disaster, specifically, the effects of the Eastland disaster on the community and the company to improve understanding of the contextual background and conditions which influenced the Hawthorne studies. This will also serve as a case study of crisis management. Findings The findings of the paper argue that the Eastland disaster likely contributed to the expansion of welfare capitalism practices by Western Electric in the 1920s–1930s and established the social and communal conditions which made the Hawthorne studies (1924–1933) possible. Originality/value Rather than evaluating the Hawthorne studies themselves, this paper focuses on social factors which made the Hawthorne Works plant site and the community serving it an ideal locale to host the famous studies as part of Western Electric’s practice of welfare capitalism and a distraction from the traumatic event which scarred the community and urged the Western Electric company to react. This study also provides an early example of crisis management.

scholarly journals [A Retrospective Analysis of The Arrival of Islam to India and Its Impact on Regional Geopolitics] Analisis Retrospektif Kemasukan Islam ke India dan Impaknya Terhadap Geopolitik Serantau

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari ◽  
Ezad Azraai Jamsari ◽  
Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Military History ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Indian Territory ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Abstract   The Indian subcontinent is one of the first regions into which Islam entered since the era of the Righteous Caliphs. The Indian territory also witnessed the advancement of Islamic civilization due to the emergence of Islamic powers in the area. Nevertheless, the historical accounts of Islam’s entry into India which focused more on futuhat (Islamic expansion) movements gave rise to the view that Islam came to the region only through expansionist policies. In light of those, this study aims to examine Islam’s expansion into India and its impact on the geopolitics of the region. In general, this study used a qualitative research method via approaches of historical study and content analysis in collecting and analyzing information from the relevant primary and secondary sources. The findings of the study showed that the spread of Islam into the Indian territory was achieved via two ways, namely by trade and by futuhat. The wise approach and good conduct of Muslim preachers, traders and armies towards the local communities enabled the spread of Islam to India. Furthermore, India was also host to the emergence of a number of Islamic kingdoms, beginning from the Ghaznavid dominion to the emergence of the Mughal Kingdom.   Keywords: Futuhat, Umayyad-era India, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, Arab-Indian trade, Islamic military history   Abstrak   Wilayah India merupakan antara kawasan yang awal menerima Islam, iaitu sejak era Khulafa’ al-Rashidin. Wilayah India turut menyaksikan perkembangan tamadun Islam disebabkan kemunculan kuasa Islam di kawasan berkenaan. Namun begitu, naratif sejarah kemasukan Islam ke India yang lebih tertumpu kepada gerakan futuhat telah menimbulkan pandangan bahawa Islam datang ke wilayah tersebut hanya melalui futuhat. Sehubungan itu, makalah ini bertujuan meneliti kemasukan ke India dan impaknya terhadap geopolitik di wilayah berkenaan. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kualitatif menerusi pendekatan kajian sejarah dan analisis kandungan dalam mengumpul serta menganalisis maklumat daripada sumber-sumber utama dan sekunder yang relevan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kemasukan Islam ke wilayah India ialah menerusi dua cara, iaitu perdagangan dan futuhat. Pendekatan berhikmah dan layanan baik daripada golongan pendakwah, pedagang dan tentera Islam terhadap masyarakat tempatan telah memungkinkan penyebaran Islam ke India. Tambahan pula, India turut menjadi tapak kemunculan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam yang lain, bermula dari penguasaan Kerajaan Ghaznawi hingga kemunculan Kerajaan Mughal.   Kata kunci: Futuhat, India era Umawi, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, perdagangan Arab-India, sejarah ketenteraan Islam

scholarly journals JAHANGIRS (1627-1658) LEADERSHIP ENDEAVOURS IN STRENGTHENING THE CONTINUITY OF THE MUGHALS IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 1160-1164
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari ◽  
◽  
Nursafira Lubis Safian ◽  
Napisah Karimah Ismail ◽  
Ezad Azraai Jamsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Research Findings

Jahangir succeeded his father, Akbar after the latter stabilised Mughal rule in India. Although there are arguments that Jahangir did not achieve successes like his father, there were some endeavours by Jahangir which strengthened the continuity of Mughal rule. Hence, the purpose of this article is to examine his efforts to consolidate Mughal rule in India in his time. On the whole, this is a qualitative research using the methods of historical study and content analysis. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources and analysed. Research findings show that Jahangir was more focused on domestic development such as proclaiming Dustur al-Amal for administration. He also succeeded in putting down rebellions and developed culture and arts, including architecture. His own personality as a leader inclined him to be a patron of the arts, intellectual and cultural activities, as well as a believer of legal principles for social justice. Akbars policy of expanding territories was not Jahangirs priority because he gave more attention to managing the crises of rebellion in Mughal territory.

scholarly journals Political Communication Strategy in Legislative Elections: A Case Study of Nasrul in the Period of 2019-2024 in Payakumbuh City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Muhammad Danil ◽  
Erliza Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Secondary Sources

This study discusses the political communication carried out by Nasrul in the 2019–2024 legislative elections in Payakumbuh City. The focus of this research is on the elected candidates from the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) due to being elected as a member of the DPRD Payakumbuh City with the most votes. The author assumes that his victory was motivated by good political communication. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach, while data collection is carried out through interviews with direct respondents Nasrul as the main source and secondary sources are the head of the PKS faction, a team of volunteers, community leaders who were selected based on sampling. The purpose of this study was to "know about the political communication used by Nasrul in the legislative elections" in Payakumbuh City for the 2019-2024 period. The results of this study, get the following conclusions: first, the political communication strategy used by Nasrul: 1) Nasrul uses the style of public relations communication (building relationships with the community). 2) Delivering political messages in the form of vision and mission. 3) Using media outside the campaign space such as stickers and calendars. 4) The effectiveness of Nasrul's political communication that is getting support in the form of voting in the legislative elections with acquiring 986 votes in electoral districts III (East Payakumbuh and North Payakumbuh).

Nineteenth century public relations: Siam's campaign to defend national sovereignty

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-638
Author(s):  
Napawan Tantivejakul
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
International Diplomacy

PurposeThis research aims to identify the use of the public relations (PR) methods implemented by King Rama V and his administration to counter the threat to Siam of imperialism in the late 19th century. It also seeks to demonstrate the interplay of the communication strategies used in international diplomacy to enhance Siam's visibility among major European nations.Design/methodology/approachThis is a historical study using both primary and secondary sources. It is a development of the national PR history methodology using a descriptive, fact-based and event-oriented approach.FindingsThe main findings are that (1) a PR strategy drove international diplomacy under the administration of Siam's monarch incorporating strategies such as governmental press relations activities; (2) the strategy in building Siam's image as a civilized country was successfully communicated through the personality of King Rama V during his first trip to Europe; (3) with a close observation of the public and press sentiments, the outcome of the integrated PR and diplomatic campaigns was that Siam defended its sovereignty against British and French imperialists’ pressures and was therefore never colonized.Research limitations/implicationsThis research adds to the body of knowledge of global PR history by demonstrating that PR evolved before the 20th century in different countries and cultures with different historical paths and sociocultural, political and economic contexts.Originality/valueThis study from an Asian nation demonstrates that PR was being practiced in the late 19th century outside the Western context, prior to the advent of the term. It is a rare example of PR being developed as a part of an anti-colonization strategy.

scholarly journals History in Store: A Study of a Prototype Archaeology Site at Gbaagbum Village in Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Kyegh, Aov Thaddeus
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Migrant Community ◽  
History Of

Aim: To bring to light a prototype archaeology site at Gbaagbum village in Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Data for the study was gotten through primary and secondary sources. These includes oral interviews, observation and documentation from field work, and written / archival records respectively. Study Design: The study items were from Gbaagbum village and the research evaluation of the items found at the site revealed that the site was home to unknown occupants before the present settlers. Place and Duration of Study: Gbaagbum village in Gwer West Local Government Area (LGA) of Benue State, Nigeria. Methodology: There was physical observation of the culture materials found at the site and through oral interview sessions conducted further revelations were made. Results: Findings revealed that it was once an abandoned site for an unknown migrant community who occupied the area, but relocated before the present occupants. Furthermore, the study revealed a tunnel with complete and pieces of pots and a human jaw in the first chamber. There was a big open pot which serve as a lid to the second chamber. The paper suggests that a more comprehensive and professional archaeological / historical study be conducted at the site and within the Ityôshin area to unearth a history of the originators of the cultural materials that were accidentally discovered. The use of modern archaeological equipment, methods and principles can be greatly relied upon in this regard. To conclude a lot still needs to be done in archaeology especially in the remote areas like the Gbaagbum Village of Benue State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Sale Documents in Oman and Zanzibar In the period (March 11, 1784 - May 11, 2015) Historical study, archival and documentary with publication and investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
محمد مسعود محمد أبو سالم
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Gregorian Calendar ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Subject

The study deals with the study of Omani and Zanzibar documents. Their main legal action is buying and selling, which took place in different periods of time, cities and villages. The problems are represented by the existence of substantial differences in the Omani documents with the Zanzibar documents dealing with the subject of buying and selling. The existence of some mathematical errors in the comparison of the dates AH in the Gregorian calendar, the quality of sales and purchases, the vocabulary of life and its prices and the reasons for this, and the The number of documents in this geographical region of the Arab world, and how they are documented, used and combined with the Arab-Islamic heritage and inspired by their environment, and the names of the countries, cities and villages mentioned in the documents in question, are mentioned in the documents (31, 39) In regard to the mention of unknown persons and their relationship to legal conduct, as well as the inheritance of a person is not specified the reason for his inheritance and the value of this inheritance, and then the girl who was handed over to the buyer, did not give the document a reason for it, and these things are vague The research was based on the historical and analytical approach through reviewing the primary and secondary sources and criticizing them in cash both externally and internally, with the critical analytical observation of those sources, in addition to interviewing the personalities of some of the holders of these documents or some sheikhs and personalities of Oman, And the use of the diplomatic approach to access the legal versions and parts of documents.

scholarly journals Génesis y Desarrollo de la Pedagogía de Dewey en Chile

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Jaime Caiceo Escudero
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Educational Reforms ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democracy And Education ◽  
The Impact

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the publication of John Dewey’s Democracy and Education, we analyse the impact of this seminal work on the history of education in Chile. We review and describe his influence on both secular and Catholic spheres in the country at the beginning of the 20th century, and the major milestones in the educational reforms implemented according to his theories. This historical study relies on both primary and secondary sources, and features a documentary analysis of the works influenced by his ideas. It forms part of a series of investigations on the topic carried out by the author over the last thirty years.

Emerging market orientation: advertising and promotion in the French telecommunications sector: 1952-2002

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Carpenter ◽  
Patrick Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Organizational Transformation ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Telecommunications Sector ◽  
Contextual Elements ◽  
Advertising And Promotion

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the level and forms of advertising in the French telecommunications sector between 1952 and 2002 in order to understand the transformation of the leading organization in the sector and its succesful adoption of increasingly sophisticated practices. The context of increased market orientation is examined to investigate how such practices emerge. Design/methodology/approach Extensive historical study of primary source material and secondary sources was conducted to develop acomparison of three eras. For each era, major changes in relation to advertising and promotional practices are identified along with key contextual elements to understand the relative importance of internal or external influences on the adoption of market-oriented practices. Findings Initially, advertising and promotional practices studied were introduced gradually within the state-run organization (1952–1973). They subsequently became increasingly important and systematic (1974–1985) before finally becoming those of a modern organization (1986–2002) in the competitive sphere. In addition to single institutional messages aimed at either consumer or business markets, more abstract forms of communication were used over time and publicity was increasingly targeted at different segments.The French telecommunications sector was aware of the necessity to engage in advertising and promotional activities prior to the existence of competition in its main consumer market. Adoption of such customer-oriented practices was more pronounced initially in the business segment. Advertising and promotional activities to consumers became increasingly significant as the administration modernized and developed innovative services. This growth in promotion and in its sophistication accelerated within the new competitive environment following deregulation and, in particular, with the growth of the mobile sector. Both the external environment and internal organizational transformations thus need to be taken into account when analyzing growing adoption of advertising and promotion. Originality/value This systematic study of the introduction of advertising and promotional practices in the French telecommunications sector highlights how public organizations can introduce practices linked to market orientation. In the organization studied, the fact that increased advertising and promotional activity was driven by organizational transformation in the second of the three eras studied indicates the importance of investigating internal influences and external factors such as competition.

Mortuary Customs Of The Meiteis Of Manipur: A Historical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Dr S. Jayalaxmi Devi ◽  
Dr Oinam Ranjit Singh ◽  
Dr Th. Mina Devi
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Dead

The rites of passage are the rites and ceremonies that mark a critical transition in the life cycle of an individual from one status to another in a given society. It covers birth, marriage and death. Death is the last crisis in the lifecycle of an individual. Siba means death in local dialect. It is believed that when the soul leaves the body permanently the man dies. The paper is an attempt to throw light on death and related customs of the Meiteis. There were four kinds of funeral systems such as disposal of dead body in the wild place, in the fire, in the earth (burial) and into the water (river). Disposal of dead in the fire (cremation) in Meitei society commenced from the time of Naophangba. But, the practice of cremation was prevalent among the Chakpas from the very early times. In ancient times, dead body was exposed; the dead body was kept throwing about in the Sumang (the space in front of the house) in the Khangenpham and a bird called Uchek Ningthou Lai-oiba which took away the dead body to a river called Thangmukhong in Heirok. Usually, funeral rites were considered as unclean; therefore, the performers had to wash and cleanse their body. They believe in a future life and in the survival of the soul. The data are based on available primary and secondary sources.

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