Accident risk analysis of oil and gas facilities in Arctic climatic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
N. A. Makhutov ◽  
A. M. Bol’shakov ◽  
M. I. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
Event Trees

The probability of occurring emergency situations increases in conditions of severe climate of the Arctic. Therefore, addressing the problems related to the risk assessment of accidents at oil and gas facilities in the Arctic zones based on acceptable risk criteria is of particular importance. Uncontrollable development of emergency situations is followed by emission of a significant amount of oil products and constitutes serious ecological danger, and also can lead to considerable destructions and death of people resulted from fire and explosion. Therefore, the goal of the study is development of the methods for analysis and assessment of the risk of accidents in reservoirs and gas pipelines at low temperatures to increase the industrial safety of hazardous production facilities operating in conditions of the Arctic North. The results of brittle fracture analysis and accident risk assessment for reservoir and gas pipeline under arctic climatic conditions are presented. Statistical data processing of accidents allowed us to determine the rupture sources, develop a “fault tree” of brittle fracture of reservoirs, “event trees” of reservoir explosion and gas outflow from a gas pipeline, with allowance for the frequency of scenarios for quantitative risk assessment. Currently the probabilistic approach is considered one of the most promising. Accident statistics and experience of previous risk analyses can provide a useful contribution to the process of hazard identification. We focus on the scenario approach to the problems of hazard identification and assess the probability (frequency) of emergencies proceeding from the analysis and systematization of the statistical data on the accidents on reservoirs and gas pipelines at low ambient temperatures using the “event trees” and “fault trees” which provide determination of the most critical scenario and expected risk from accidents. Thus, risk assessment of accidents at hazardous production facilities in the Arctic zone using criteria of acceptable risk will allow estimation of hazards with unacceptable level of risk and development of recommendations and measures to reduce them.

Offshore Arctic Pipeline Oil Spill Risk Assessment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dinovitzer ◽  
G. Comfort ◽  
R. Lazor ◽  
D. Hinnah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Upheaval Buckling ◽  
Operational Failures

While offshore arctic pipelines have been under consideration for more than 25 years, few have been built. Renewed interest in offshore arctic oil and gas has necessitated the design of pipelines capable of both overcoming the technical challenges of the arctic offshore environment and minimizing the risk to it. This paper describes a quantitative risk assessment completed by BMT Fleet Technology Limited on the risk of an oil spill for several design alternatives of the proposed Liberty Pipeline that would be used to transport oil onshore from a production site in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea. For the purposes of the study, risk was defined as the volume of oil expected to be released over the planned pipeline 20-year life. The investigation considered the risks associated with ice gouging, strudel scour, permafrost thaw subsidence, operational failures, corrosion, third party activities and thermal loads leading to upheaval buckling. Event probabilities for these hazards were established through the development of event trees used to combine historic operational failure statistics and those estimated through engineering analysis. A pipeline leakage consequence model was developed to quantify the oil volume released during pipeline failure events associated with rupture, through-wall cracking and pinhole leaks. The model considered secondary containment and the expected performance of leak detection and monitoring systems. The time to leak detection, shut down, and line evacuation were used in estimating the total spill volumes. The paper provides an overview of primary elements of the risk assessment including the hazard identification, reliability analysis and consequence modeling, and describes the challenges involved in this comparative risk analysis completed for this unique environment.

scholarly journals HSE in the Arctic: Forecasting of emergency situations at oil and gas facilities and emergency petroleum products’ spill response in Arctic climatic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Makhutov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr M. Bolshakov ◽  
Marina I. Zakharova ◽  
Yulia S. Glyazentsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Emergency Situations

Applying the Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) to Improve Safety Management of Oil and Gas Pipeline Stations in China

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxing Feng ◽  
Xiaoqiang Xiang ◽  
Guangming Jia ◽  
Lianshuang Dai ◽  
Yulei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Oil Pipeline

The oil and gas pipeline companies in China are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges because of China’s increasing demand for oil and gas energy that is attributed to rapid economic and social development. Limitation of land resource and the fast urbanization lead to a determinate result that many pipelines have to go through or be adjacent to highly populated areas such as cities or towns. The increasing Chinese government regulation, and public concerns about industrial safety and environmental protection push the pipeline companies to enhance the safety, health and environmental protection management. In recent years, PetroChina Pipeline Company (PPC) pays a lot of attention and effort to improve employees and public safety around the pipeline facilities. A comprehensive, integrated HSE management system is continuously improved and effectively implemented in PPC. PPC conducts hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control and mitigation, risk monitoring. For the oil and gas stations in highly populated area or with numerous employees, PPC carries out quantitative risk assessment (QRA) to evaluate and manage the population risk. To make the assessment, “Guidelines for quantitative risk assessments” (purple book) published by Committee for the Prevention of Disasters of Netherlands is used along with a software package. The basic principles, process, and methods of QRA technology are introduced in this article. The process is to identify the station hazards, determinate the failure scenarios of the facilities, estimate the possibilities of leakage failures, calculate the consequences of failures and damages to population, demonstrate the individual risk and social risk, and evaluate whether the risk is acceptable. The process may involve the mathematical modeling of fluid and gas spill, dispersion, fire and explosion. One QRA case in an oil pipeline station is described in this article to illustrate the application process and discuss several key issues in the assessment. Using QRA technique, about 20 stations have been evaluated in PPC. On the basis of the results, managers have taken prevention and mitigation plans to control the risk. QRAs in the pipeline station can provide a quantitative basis and valuable reference for the company’s decision-making and land use planning. Also, QRA can play a role to make a better relationship between the pipeline companies and the local regulator and public. Finally, this article delivers limitations of QRA in Chinese pipeline stations and discusses issues of the solutions.

Consideration of Non-stationarity in the Development of Emergency Situations for the Quantitative Risk Assessment of Accidents at Hazardous Production Facilities of Oil and Product Pipelines

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
A.M. Sverchkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
Real Practice

It is proposed to use the new approach to assessing quantitative risk indicators. This approach allows to consider the temporal non-stationarity of the number of processes, including the development of an accident and the spatial movements of people. The greatest uncertainty in the risk analysis with an explosive and fire hazard component is not the frequency of initiating events used, but, for example, data on the probability of ignition. The range of variation of this probability is about two orders of magnitude (relatively speaking, from 1 % to 100 %), and the criteria and factors that determine the choice of this value are not always clearly defined. The paper proposes an approach that considers the probability of ignition as a dependence on the time that passed after the start of emergency depressurization. Knowing this dependence, it is possible to consider several scenarios with different ignition time after the start of the release and assign certain consequences and probabilities to each scenario. Moreover, it is possible for each single scenario on a specific piece of equipment (pipeline section) to obtain non-stationary, namely time-varying potential risk fields. The example of an accident on the oil pipeline is considered, the risk indicators of such an accident are calculated, it is shown that the risks can change over time, namely they are non-stationary characteristics. Further, this fact is transformed into the development of theoretical foundations for quantitative risk assessment, considering the non-stationarity of various processes occurring during emergency situations arising during the operation of equipment, individual behavior of people and changes in external conditions. The results obtained show the importance of considering the changes that occur during an emergency on the main oil and product pipelines. It is concluded that the proposed approach allows to reduce the conservatism of assessments provided by traditional methods. In real practice this approach can reasonably reduce the risk indicators by several times, sometimes by orders of magnitude.

scholarly journals Procedure for risk assessment of initiation and progression of oxidation processes during development of pyrite ore deposits

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Gennady Einbinder ◽  
Natalia Mitishova ◽  
Dmitry Radchenko ◽  
Egor Knyazkin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Hazard Degree ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sulfide Ore ◽  
Hazardous Production

In the modern conditions, the scale of subsoil transformation in the process of mineral extraction is characterized by an increased risk of accidents, often accompanied by man-made disasters. In this regard, hazard analysis and accident risk assessment is the most important scientific and technical task, the solution of which is based on methods for identification of hazards, study of development trends and assessment of consequences of theoretically possible accidents. In relation to development conditions of sulfide ore deposits, only an accident risk assessment with determination of the possible accident hazard degree, as well as preparation and timely correction of measures aimed at reduction of accident risks can ensure an acceptable level of industrial safety at the hazardous production facility.

scholarly journals Digital technologies in the industry: application of immersive training technologies in the oil and gas complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Anna Smirnova ◽  
Irina Zaychenko ◽  
Irina Bagaeva ◽  
Polina Gorshechnikova
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Training System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Personnel Training ◽  
Immersive Technologies ◽  
Oil And Gas Enterprises

The article substantiates the need to apply training and retraining programs for personnel for permanent work in the Arctic using digital technologies, namely VR / AR / MR technologies. The geopolitical features of the Arctic zone, difficult climatic conditions do not allow directly practicing the development of professional competencies and, therefore, require the introduction of a multi-stage system of personnel training using technologies of approximate reality. Such requirements for the personnel training system predetermine the need to search for relevant digital technologies that can create conditions that are as close as possible to the conditions of professional activity in hard-to-reach Arctic regions. When forming a personnel training / retraining system for oil and gas enterprises, in addition to the specified specific working conditions, it is also necessary to take into account the sectoral features of oil and gas enterprises, which also forms a number of functional requirements for the selection of relevant digital tools, the main of which for personnel training can be considered immersive technologies. Based on the above, the paper analyzes the use of immersive technologies by oil and gas enterprises, a comparative analysis of the directions of using immersive technologies in personnel training at oil and gas enterprises, identifies the positive and negative aspects of using VR / MR / AR technologies.

Frost-Resistant Elastomeric Nanocomposites for Operation in the Far North Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 412-416
Author(s):  
Natalia N. Petrova ◽  
V.V. Portnyagina ◽  
V.V. Mukhin ◽  
E.N. Timofeeva ◽  
N.V. Matveeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Detonation Synthesis ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Bentonite Clays

Operation of elastomeric materials in the extreme climatic conditions of the North is a complex and expensive, since not always existing materials can provide the required level of low-temperature characteristics (down to-60 ° C). This leads to failure of machines and mechanisms, equipment downtime, additional costs for repair or replacement of rubber parts. The need for such materials is continuously growing due to the intensive development of the northern territories, the need to develop new mineral deposits and development of offshore hydrocarbon production. Propylene oxide rubber (Tg = -73 °С) and epichlorohydrin rubber Hydrin T6000 (Tg = -60 °С) have unique frost resistance, but there is a need to improve aggressive media resistance, wear resistance and relaxation properties (the ability to restore its shape after relieving the load). For the modification of rubbers, additives of both organic and inorganic nature were chosen: ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanodiamond-containing carbon charge obtained by detonation synthesis, shungite, natural zeolites and bentonite clays. The operating properties of rubber were studied in accordance with standard methods. The structure of the obtained materials was studied by means of DSC, XRD, electron and atomic force microscopy. All developed materials are recommended for use in various industries (oil and gas, road, rail) in the Arctic regions with extreme climatic conditions.

Study on Acceptable Risk for Oil and Gas Pipelines in China

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Jinheng Luo ◽  
Juanli Chen ◽  
Xinwei Zhao ◽  
Guangli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Risk Criteria ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Integrity Management

Risk assessment is basis to put pipeline integrity management in practice and the acceptable risk level is important criteria to execute risk assessment and constitute maintenance safeguard. So it is very important to establish a rational and practicable acceptable criterion and present a specific acceptable risk level. It is just for this need that the present paper gave a review of all the available research around the acceptable risk level and analyzed various domestic and overseas standards and documentation concerning how to define the acceptable risk criteria. As a result, a criterion suitable for oil and gas pipeline was presented and recommended acceptable risk level was gave.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE 5R (RINGKAS, RAPI, RESIK, RAWAT, RAJIN) DAN IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA DI GUDANG BAHAN KIMIA LABORATORIUM MIPA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riana Septiani, ◽  
◽  
Mirandi Pratiwi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Safety Hazard ◽  
A Value ◽  
Work Accidents ◽  
Index Value ◽  
High Level

Abstract This research is about Application of 5R methods ((Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) and indentification of hazard potential in Chemical Warehouse. And it aims to improve the work environment in the laboratory by using the 5R work method and identify potential hazards contained. Analysis of the two problems was carried out using several methods, namely for the implementation of warehouse layout with the 5R method, and for work safety using hazard identification & risk assessment using Pareto Chart Analysis to discuss the level of work accident risk from the highest to the lowest, and proceed by using a Fishbone Chart Analysis to analyze the types of work accidents from the factors that cause the risk of accidents. The index value before the application of 5R has a value of 20%, while the index value after improvement is 75.6% and the result of hazard identification has 23 hazard risks from 7 activities with an area that has a very high level of hazard risk. Keywords: 5R, occupational safety, hazard identification, risk assessment, work accidents, Chemical Warehouse

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