ROSPECTS FOR CULTIVATING BLUE LUPINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
V.A. KARELINA ◽  
◽  
O.B. BATRAKOVA ◽  
I.V. ZOBNINA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Research Institute

The paper presents the results of blue lupine variety studies by the main economic and useful features. The authors determine the efficiency of grain production of early-ripening lupine variety of Ladny in the Northern region of Russia. The research was carried out in the plant growing laboratory of the Arkhangelsk Research Institute of Agriculture located on the premises of the unitary enterprise “Kotlasskoe”. When selecting plants for testing within the Northern agricultural zone, the authors were guided by the goal to identify productive varieties of blue lupine, which could well develop under local natural conditions and the conventional system of farm production adopted in the Northern region. In the course of research, five varieties were studied: Fazan, Dikaf, Ladny (FRC “Nemchinovka”), Siderat, Nadezhda (All-Russian Lupine Research Institute). The main limiting factor in the conditions of the North is the early maturation of the variety. In the present research, the shortest growing season of 55 days for green mass and 89–110 days for grain was found with the Ladny variety. Among all the samples, the yield of green mass and dry matter was observed for late-ripening samples of Nadezhda-31.1 t/ha and 5.3 t/ha, Siderat – 46–36.7 t/ha and 36.7 t/ha, respectively. The yield of green mass in the early-ripening Ladny variety amounted to 30.0 t/ha, dry matter – 4.8 t/ha. According to the grain yield for all three years of testing, the early-ripening precocious Ladny variety ranked first with a yield of 2.00 t/ha. In 2019, the seed yield was obtained only from this variety, while the other varieties did not mature at all. The Ladny variety surpassed all the tested varieties in terms of the feed value of the green mass. In the present research, the economic efficiency of introducing the Ladny lupine variety into grain forage production was 143% as for protein yield per hectare and the profitability accounted for 326%. Thus, when selecting early-ripening varieties, the use of blue lupine for grain-forage purposes in the Subarctic zone is feasible and economically profitable.

New cultivar of red clover Prima

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
R. I. Polyudina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening

The results of breeding work on creation of the new cultivar of red clover are presented. The hybrid population (15-10-D (2n)) was created by the method of crossbreeding and selection in the conditions of artifi cial climate. Selection of winterhardy high-yielding forms of this hybrid population was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia. The population 15-10-D (2n) was tested in three cycles of competitive variety trial (crops of 2006, 2008 and 2010) and was submitted to the State variety testing under the name Prima. According to the results of the competitive variety trial during 2007–2013, the new early-ripening diploid cultivar Prima showed high winter hardiness of 97.0-99.0%. The duration of the growing season is 115 days (on the level of standard early-ripening tetraploid cultivar Meteor). The yield of green mass in two cuts is 19.6-58.7 t/ha, the yield of dry matter is 4.2-13.5 t/ha, the yield of seeds is 276-392 kg/ ha. The average yield of green mass in two cuts of the new cultivar is 38.8 t/ha, the average yield of dry matter is 8.7 t/ha, the average yield of seeds is 317 kg/ha, which exceeds standard cultivar Meteor by 52%. The seed content of Prima cultivar is 52%, Meteor – 38%. The crude protein content in dry matter is 16.1%, the fi ber content is 26.0%. Prima cultivar has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation to be grown in the West Siberian region since 2019. The copyright certifi cate and patent for the breeding achievement were received.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL AND FOREIGN SAMPLES OF COCKSFOOT GRASS IN THE NORTHERN REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A. G. Tulinov ◽  
T. V. Kosolapova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The cocksfoot grass is a valuable early ripe forage crop with good yield and excellent feed quality. It is used to create hayfields and pastures and is a component of grasslands of meadows of almost all regions of the Komi Republic. However, the expansion of varieties adapted to the soil and climate of the North needs this valuable crop. For this purpose from 2015 to 2018 there was the research of the varieties and wild populations of the cocksfoot grass of the world collection for further use in the creation of new adaptive varieties. The experiment took place in 2015 at the experimental field of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Komi Scientific Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar). The soil of the plot is sod-podzol, medium loamy in granulometric composition. The collection of nursery-garden included 10 samples of the cocksfoot grass of various ecological and geographical origin. As a standard, the Neva variety was taken. The experiments were carried out using seedlings according to the scheme 80x50 cm, the plot area was 10 m2, four repetition. Varietal samples were evaluated by winter hardness, indicators of productivity of green mass and seeds. Meteorological conditions during the years of research allowed us to evaluate the winter hardness of the cocksfoot grass samples. As a result of evaluating 10 samples, wild-growing samples from the Komi Republic (42733, 43024, 45945) and Norway (41826) were distinguished for a number of economically valuable traits, characterized by high winter hardness, even germination and green mass productivity on average for 3 years - 21.523.7 t/ha, dry weight - 4.7-5.1 t/ha and seeds - 354-576 kg / ha. These samples provide valuable starting material for further breeding work.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variability of Harbor Porpoise Life History Parameters in the North-East Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinéad Murphy ◽  
Marie A. C. Petitguyot ◽  
Paul D. Jepson ◽  
Rob Deaville ◽  
Christina Lockyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Harbor Porpoise ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

Harbor porpoises exhibit early maturation, relatively short gestation/lactation periods and a faster rate of reproduction as compared to other cetacean species. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors can influence both population vital rates and population structure, which ultimately cause changes in dynamics within and between populations. Here, we undertook a retrospective analysis of mortality data collected over a 24-year period for assessing life history traits of the North-east Atlantic harbor porpoise population. We use time-period specific models for key life history relationships that considered cause of death of individuals (as a proxy for health status), sex and management unit (MU). Sexual variation in asymptotic length, asymptotic age, average length at 50% maturity (L50) and average age at 50% maturity (A50) were observed, with females attaining a larger asymptotic length, larger L50, and delaying attainment of both sexual and physical maturity, compared to males. While females are constrained in their minimum body size due to giving birth to proportionally larger offspring, males exhibited more plasticity in size at sexual maturity, enabling re-allocation of available energy resources toward reproduction. Data were then used to compare biological parameters among two porpoise MUs in United Kingdom waters, both of which in the current study exhibited reduced reproductive rates compared to other geographic regions. In both MUs, females significantly increased their A50 and males significantly declined in their L50. An increase in the age at asymptotic length was also observed in both sexes, along with a significant decline in the Gompertz growth rate parameter that was more apparent in the female data. While availability of suitable prey resources may be a limiting factor, a combination of other factors cannot be ruled out. Porpoises in the Celtic and Irish Seas MU were significantly larger in their maximum length, asymptotic length and L50 compared to porpoises in the North Sea MU throughout the study period, suggesting limited gene flow between these two MUs. These results justify the maintenance of these harbor porpoise MUs or assessment units, as two separate units, within the range of the North-east Atlantic population, and for indicator assessments under the EU’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive.

scholarly journals Biological basis of sorghum cultivation in the North-West of the Non-Chernozem zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-541
Author(s):  
Elena P. Shkodina
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
North West ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
The One

The need to restore the dairy cattle population and the feed base in the North-West region of the Russian Federation requires new sources of feed with high yield and nutritional values. The purpose of the research is to study the possibility of sugar sorghum introduction into the region for forage use. The research was conducted in 2017-2020 in the conditions of the Novgorod region. On plots with an area of 10 m2 in the third decade of May sugar sorghum was sown: a hybrid of the first generation Silosnoe 88, the Galia variety, the Laretz line. The predecessors were potato (2017, 2018, 2020) and vetch and oat mix (2019). The ability of sugar sorghum to stop developing and hibernate in unfavorable weather conditions, resuming vegetation when the weather improves, has been established. Intensive plant growth was observed at the end of July-August with the average daily growth of 1.9-5.0 cm. By the end of August, the plant height reached 245-280 cm, the yield of green mass was 110 t/ha (hybrid Silosnoe 88), 139.2 t/ha (variety Galia), 136 t/ha (Laretz line). In the extreme conditions of 2017, the yield of sorghum green mass was 21 t/ha. The yield of dry matter (DM) from 1 ha reached 6.8-13.4 t/ha. The protein content in the DM was 8.4-11.5 %, the yield of feed units was 0.76-0.82 kg/kg, the output of exchange energy was 9.7-10.1 MJ/kg. Sugar sorghum has an ability to grow back after mowing; in the conditions of the Novgorod region, the yield of green mass from two mowing (end of July, August-September) was lower (23.3-46.7 t/ha) than from the one at the end of August-September (44.3-139.2 t/ha). The Laretz line vegetation phases began 5-27 days later than those of the Silosnoe 88 hybrid and Galiya variety. The growing season of sugar sorghum ended in the phase of “heading of panicles - flowering”. Thus, a high plasticity and adaptability of sorghum varieties to unfavorable climatic conditions of the zone and their prospects for use in forage production have been established.

scholarly journals Specific features of formation of grass-legume mixtures of the first and second year of life in the conditions of the European North of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-384
Author(s):  
A. A. Shamanin ◽  
L. A. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
First Year ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year

The studies were carried out in a field experiment in the north of the Arkhangelsk region. Under study were twocomponent grass stands of the first and second year of life, composed of cereal (meadow fescue, reed fescue) and legume grasses (meadow clover and blue alfalfa ). It has been established that in the climatic conditions of the Northern region the studied perennial grasses do not go through the full life cycle during the first year of life: meadow clover develops up to the root rosette phase, blue alfalfa – up to the branching phase, cereals ‒ to the tillering phase. In the first year, the yield is formed due to the legume component, especially meadow clover, which occupies 73 % of the structure. In the second year of life, cereal grasses increase their influence on the yield formation up to 93 %. The most productive variant in the second year was the “reed fescue + meadow clover” variant. With a higher ratio of the cereal component (67 %) in total for two mowings in comparison with the control variant "meadow fescue + meadow clover", the increase in dry matter yield was 2.81 t/ha (LSD05 = 1.46 t/ha), the output of exchange energy was 30.56 GJ/ha higher, crude protein yield increased by 0.22 t /ha. Agrophytocenoses of reed fescue and meadow clover in the first year of intensive use make it possible to obtain green fodder with the protein content in 1 kg of dry matter at the level of 114.28 g ‒ 153.33 g and sugars 133.54 g ‒ 154.65 g depending on the mowing. High loss of blue alfalfa in the grass stand is due to its weak winter hardiness and the effect of low spring temperatures during the period of the beginning of regrowth. Thus, in the conditions of the European North of Russia among legume-cereal grass stands during the first two years of life the grass mixture of meadow clover and reed fescue has been identified as perspective. There has been noted a potential for regulation the feed nutritional value (protein, sugars and fiber content) by means of grass mixture components selection.

scholarly journals The best diploid varieties of red clover Smolensk breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 2-10
Author(s):  
O. Kurdakova ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Aminat Konova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Percentage Yield

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative assessment of the variety numbers (height, yield of green mass and air-dry matter, percentage of leaf content, leaf yield) and identify the most productive for creating new varieties. The object of research was 2 variety numbers (A-44 and S-434) as the most productive, in comparison with the standard zoned variety of meadow clover Smolenskiy 29 in the conditions of a relatively aligned background of mineral nutrition, optimal density of standing herbage from the first stages of selection, optimal timing of sowing and timely care and harvesting. Observations and accounting were performed according to generally accepted methods. Results and practical significance. The article presents the results for 2009–2010 and 2012–2013 on economically valuable indicators of promising cultivars of meadow clover: winter hardiness, duration of the growing season, height, leafage percentage, yield of green mass, air-dry matter, yield of leaves and seeds. In the competitive variety testing, the best indicators were demonstrated by the A-44 and S-434 variety numbers, whose growing periods were shorter by 8 and 16 days, respectively, of the standard variety. Variety numbers had high winter hardiness (95.3 % and 97.4 %), yield of green mass at the level of 54.5 and 64.8 t/ha, air-dry matter – 12.5 and 14.3 t/ha, seeds – 2.6 and 2.9 c/ha, leafiness (48.4–49.2 %), leaf yield was 4.5 and 4.7 t/ha, the content of raw protein in the dry matter of plants – 17.10 and 17.3 %. The profitability of cultivation for seeds was 61.8 % and 42.2 %, while the lowest cost of harvesting for green mass was observed (462.6 and 452.1 rub.). Scientific novelty. For the North-Western and Central regions of the Russian Federation, models of varieties have been developed that differ in a complex of economically valuable features and properties.

scholarly journals Dynamics of leaf, flower and fruit abscission in avocado cv. Hass in Antioquia, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-333
Author(s):  
Jorge Alonso Bernal-Estrada ◽  
Alvaro De Jesús Tamayo-Vélez ◽  
Cipriano Arturo Díaz-Diez
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Leaf Litter Production ◽  
Cycling Of Nutrients

The amount of leaf litter produced by avocado trees cv. Hass is an important potential source of mineral resources, and quantifying its production and nature is crucial to understanding the cycling of nutrients. The main objective of this study was to quantify the production of leaf litter and fallen flowers and small fruits in avocado orchards at eight locations in three producing areas in the Department of Antioquia (west, southwest, and north). The highest leaf litter production occurred in southwest Antioquia, at Jardin (7.6 t ha-1 year-1); the east locations had similar leaf fall (4.03-3.4 t ha-1 year-1). The dry matter produced in the north was very similar in both locations. The dry matter was 2.8 t ha-1 year-1. Higher leaf litter was recorded in all locations during the driest periods. Approximately 80% of the fallen fruits had diameters less than 1 cm. The highest flower production and fall occurred in southwest Antioquia, followed by the northern region.

scholarly journals ‘GVARDEETS’ – NEW SORGHUM-SUDAN HYBRID

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
S.I. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
A.B. Volodin ◽  
A.S. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
High Rate ◽  
New Combination ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
Novgorod Oblast ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Digestible Protein

Arid conditions in Central Ciscaucasia caused a shortage of green fodder for animal husbandry. In the current circumstances, new sorghum-sudan hybrids creation and introduction into production are of great importance. The aim of the research is twofold: to assess green mass, hay and grain productivity and quality; to determine the main biomorphological characteristics and level of heterosis of the new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’. The experiments were carried out in competitive and environmental testing. In the Novgorod Oblast, the new hybrid provided 43.0 t/ha of green mass; the same indicator in the Altai FASC comprised 42.1 t/ha exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 2.6 and 0.9 t/ha, respectively. The data were obtained in a competitive test by methods of field and laboratory experiments, as well as environmental testing in various regions of Russia. On average for 2015–2020, in the conditions of the Stavropol Territory, the new hybrid provided 53.87 t/ha of green and 11.55 t/ha of dry matter exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 5.03 and 1.26 t/ha or 10.3 and 12.2%, respectively. ‘Gvardeets’ is a mid-ripening hybrid. The first mowing can be carried out in the booting phase or at the end of June/first half of July, the second one – in the second half of August. Furthermore, in moderately warm and humid summers, it is possible to obtain the third mowing in late September/early October. The new hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has a high rate of initial plants growth on the 30th day of vegetation (80 cm), as well as a high content of leaves in the green mass (34.7 %). The content of protein in dry matter is 11.8 %, fat – 1.9 %, fiber – 30.9%, ash – 6.3 %. One kilogram of new combination feed contains 0.67 feed units, 70 g of digestible protein, 31.9 g of sugar, 81.2 mg of carotene. The provision of one feed unit with digestible protein is 123 g. There is 8.59 MJ/kg of exchange energy, which is better than that of the standard hybrid ‘Navigator’. The stems of ‘Gvardeets’ plants have a juicy core; plants are resistant to drought, lodging, pests and diseases. The parental forms of the hybrid (‘Zersta 90C’ x ‘Sputnitsa’) are distinguished by a high combinational ability and provide a level of true heterosis of the yield of green mass in the amount of 20.81 t/ha (62.9%). The new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2021 in the North Caucasus, Lower Volga, Central Black Earth and West Siberian regions.

Potensi Covercrop Kebun Sawit Sebagai Sumber Pakan Hijauan Ternak Ruminansia Pada Musim Kemarau di Pelalawan, Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan A. Gopar ◽  
S. Martono ◽  
Muhamad N. Rofiq ◽  
Windu N.
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Line Intercept

The objective of this experiment was to obtain forage/ cover crops productivity and carrying capacity for ruminant animals in Pelalawan Regency, Riau in the dry season. Data were collected from civil palm oil plantations at the aged 7, 10 and 14 years in the end of dry season with a destructive sampling method. Sampling used line intercept method which every hectare were picked 10 points by using a pair of 1 m2 sized quadrant. The result showed that the number of vegetations/ cover crops in oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 42 types.The proportion of forage which consist grass, legume and ferns was diverse at each age of oil palm plantations. Forage production under oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years were 2,571 kg/ha, 1479.76 kg/ha and 1417.22 kg/ha as fed and amounted to 811.41 kg/ ha, 471, 15 kg/ ha and 456.91 kg/ ha in the dry matter production. Average carrying capacities of oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 0.36 Animal units (AU)/ha/year, 0.21 AU/ha/year and 0.20 AU/ ha/year.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jumlah covercrop dan kapasitas tampungnya di kebun sawit sebagai sumber pakan hijauan ruminansia pada musim kemarau di kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Pengambilan data dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun milik rakyat pada akhir musim kemarau. Pengambilan sampel dengan destructive sampling method menggunakan metode garis berpetak memakai kuadran berukuran 1m2 dengan jumlah sampel tiap area sebanyak 10 titik. Berdasar hasil pengukuran diperoleh hasil jumlah vegetasi/ covercrop yang ada di kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun sebanyak 42 jenis yang bervariasi tiap umur tanaman sawit. Proporsi hijauan yang ada meliputi jenis rumput, legume dan paku-pakuan bervariasi pada tiap umur kebun sawit. Produksi hijauan yang ada di bawah kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun berturut-turut 2.571 kg/ha, 1.479,76 kg/ha dan 1.417,22 kg/ha dalam bentuk segar serta sebesar 811,41 kg/ha, 471,15 kg/ha dan 456,91 kg/ha dalam bahan kering. Kapasitas tampung dari kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun adalah 0,36 satuan ternak (ST)/ha, 0,21 ST/ha dan 0,20 ST/ha.Keywords: cover crops, oil palm plantation, forage, ruminant, dry season, Pelalawan

Assessment of the state of the heat economy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
V. R. Darbasov ◽  
◽  
M. Р. Solomonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
The State ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The North ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Heat Energy Market

The article assesses the state of the heat economy of the Northern region. The purpose of the article is to reveal the reasons for chronic backwardness of the region's industry from the average Russian indicators. To achieve the goal, solved the following problems: the features of heat economy in the North, analyzes the housing development, production and consumption of heat energy, as the sources of heat energy and heat networks, and also reforms in the heat economy of the region, based on which conclusions on assessment of the heat economy of the region. In recent years, there has been a twofold decrease in the rate of renewal of fixed assets of the heat economy against the norm, low rates of introduction of the resource-saving technologies in the heat economy, and in general, in the housing and communal services of the region. The level of marginal balance of supply and demand in the heat energy market is determined. The article is written to correct the decisions of the Federal and regional Executive authorities in terms of ensuring the reliability of heat economy of the Northern region.

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