scholarly journals The best diploid varieties of red clover Smolensk breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 2-10
Author(s):  
O. Kurdakova ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Aminat Konova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Percentage Yield

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative assessment of the variety numbers (height, yield of green mass and air-dry matter, percentage of leaf content, leaf yield) and identify the most productive for creating new varieties. The object of research was 2 variety numbers (A-44 and S-434) as the most productive, in comparison with the standard zoned variety of meadow clover Smolenskiy 29 in the conditions of a relatively aligned background of mineral nutrition, optimal density of standing herbage from the first stages of selection, optimal timing of sowing and timely care and harvesting. Observations and accounting were performed according to generally accepted methods. Results and practical significance. The article presents the results for 2009–2010 and 2012–2013 on economically valuable indicators of promising cultivars of meadow clover: winter hardiness, duration of the growing season, height, leafage percentage, yield of green mass, air-dry matter, yield of leaves and seeds. In the competitive variety testing, the best indicators were demonstrated by the A-44 and S-434 variety numbers, whose growing periods were shorter by 8 and 16 days, respectively, of the standard variety. Variety numbers had high winter hardiness (95.3 % and 97.4 %), yield of green mass at the level of 54.5 and 64.8 t/ha, air-dry matter – 12.5 and 14.3 t/ha, seeds – 2.6 and 2.9 c/ha, leafiness (48.4–49.2 %), leaf yield was 4.5 and 4.7 t/ha, the content of raw protein in the dry matter of plants – 17.10 and 17.3 %. The profitability of cultivation for seeds was 61.8 % and 42.2 %, while the lowest cost of harvesting for green mass was observed (462.6 and 452.1 rub.). Scientific novelty. For the North-Western and Central regions of the Russian Federation, models of varieties have been developed that differ in a complex of economically valuable features and properties.

New cultivar of red clover Prima

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
R. I. Polyudina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening

The results of breeding work on creation of the new cultivar of red clover are presented. The hybrid population (15-10-D (2n)) was created by the method of crossbreeding and selection in the conditions of artifi cial climate. Selection of winterhardy high-yielding forms of this hybrid population was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia. The population 15-10-D (2n) was tested in three cycles of competitive variety trial (crops of 2006, 2008 and 2010) and was submitted to the State variety testing under the name Prima. According to the results of the competitive variety trial during 2007–2013, the new early-ripening diploid cultivar Prima showed high winter hardiness of 97.0-99.0%. The duration of the growing season is 115 days (on the level of standard early-ripening tetraploid cultivar Meteor). The yield of green mass in two cuts is 19.6-58.7 t/ha, the yield of dry matter is 4.2-13.5 t/ha, the yield of seeds is 276-392 kg/ ha. The average yield of green mass in two cuts of the new cultivar is 38.8 t/ha, the average yield of dry matter is 8.7 t/ha, the average yield of seeds is 317 kg/ha, which exceeds standard cultivar Meteor by 52%. The seed content of Prima cultivar is 52%, Meteor – 38%. The crude protein content in dry matter is 16.1%, the fi ber content is 26.0%. Prima cultivar has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation to be grown in the West Siberian region since 2019. The copyright certifi cate and patent for the breeding achievement were received.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL TESTING OF PERENNIAL GRASS VARIETIES DEVELOPED BY THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURAL CENTERUNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
N.V. Ledyayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
The North ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
The Republic

When establishing polyspecies plant communities with the inclusion of new perennial grass species (cookshead (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), bastard alfalfa (Medicago×varia)and yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcata), Siberian wheatgrass (Agropyrum sibiricum) and tall wheatgrass (Agropyrum elongatum)), along with the species traditional-ly grown in the Republic of Altai (red clover (Trifolium pratense), awnless brome (Bromopsis inermis Leyss.), meadow fescue grass (Festuca pratensis)and common timothy (Phleum pratense)), the following most highly pro-ductive grass mixtures were identified: three-component -common timothy + alfalfa + clover (at the ratio 60:30:10), and timothy + awnless brome+ clover (at the ratio 40:30:30); four-component -awnless brome+ fescue grass+ cookshead + clover (at the ratio 30:30:30:10), and timo-thy + fescue grass+ cookshead + alfalfa (at the ratio 30:20:20:30) that may ensure a reliable gain of dry matter yield from the second year of life to 4.80-5.57 t ha. They make it possible to obtain high-nutritional hay when har-vested during the flowering stage with metabolizable ener-gy concentration up to 9.75-10.75 MJ in 1 kg of dry matter, and with digestible protein content up to 124.2-130.8 g in 1 fodder unit.

scholarly journals Yield and forage quality of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivars in the lowland and the mountain regions

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leto ◽  
M. Knežević ◽  
K. Bošnjak ◽  
D. Maćešić ◽  
Z. Štafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Six Trifolium pratense L. cultivars, five diploid and one tetraploid, were grown in the lowland region (123 m altitude) and the mountain region (650 m altitude). Dry matter (d.m.) and green mass (g.m.) yield, stem height and leaf proportion were assessed from each of the three growing seasons. Chemical composition was assessed from the average samples of all cuts in the second year of the experiment. Greater green mass (54.14 t/ha) and dry matter yield (9.86 t/ha), stem height (0.61 m), crude protein (157.6 g/kg), crude fiber (222.9 g/kg), crude ash (100.68 g/kg) and crude fat (30.09 g/kg) content were observed in the mountain region, compared to the lowland region (45.61 t/ha g.m. 8.92 t/ha d.m. 0.59 stem height, 156.38 g/kg crude protein, 216.6 g/kg crude fiber, 94.85 g/kg crude ash, 24.98 g/kg crude fat). The greater leaf proportion (47.2%) and nitrogen free extract content (420.13 g/kg) were observed in the lowland region compared to the mountain region (42.95% and 402.99 g/kg, respectively). A significant location × cultivar interaction was found for all investigated parameters except for leaf proportion. 

Evaluation of legumes for use in short-term leys and natural pastures on the northern slopes of New South Wales

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (112) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Archer
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Good Potential

A range of temperate legumes was evaluated for winter and spring production for use as either short-term ley pastures, or, when sown from the air, as introduced species into natural pastures on the higher northern slopes of New South Wales. The species were evaluated with and without the annual application of a compound phosphorus and sulfur fertilizer in four experiments from 1975 to 1978. Haifa white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Haifa) was generally the most productive and persistent species with dry matter production in winter and spring ranging from 21 30 to 3600 kg/ha when sown into prepared seedbeds. In natural pastures with applied fertilizer, yields of Haifa ranged from 100 kg/ha in a dry year to 5000 kg/ha. Other persistent species in both ley and natural pastures were Namoi woolly pod vetch (Vicia dasycarpa cv. Namoi) (1110-3520 kg/ha and 470-3350 kg/ha, respectively) and Hunter River lucerne (Medicago sativa cv. Hunter River) (1290-2500 kg/ha and 480-2350 kg/ha, respectively). These were the only species to establish themselves satisfactorily in the natural pastures. Other species that showed good potential for ley pastures were Hamua red clover (T. pratense cv. Grasslands Hamua), Clare subterranean clover (T. subterraneum cv. Clare) and Kondinin rose clover (T. hirtum cv. Kondinin), but further evaluation of these legumes is required. The barrel medics were productive in their establishment year averaging 2560 kg/ha dry matter but mean yields in subsequent years were less than 100 kg/ha due to poor regeneration. The natural pastures needed fertilizer to ensure adequate levels of production from the sown legumes. In the ley pastures, a response occurred only in the second year of one experiment. The natural species did not respond to fertilizer. It is concluded that Haifa white clover, woolly pod vetch and lucerne offer significant potential for use in both ley and natural pastures on the north-western slopes

ROSPECTS FOR CULTIVATING BLUE LUPINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
V.A. KARELINA ◽  
◽  
O.B. BATRAKOVA ◽  
I.V. ZOBNINA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Research Institute

The paper presents the results of blue lupine variety studies by the main economic and useful features. The authors determine the efficiency of grain production of early-ripening lupine variety of Ladny in the Northern region of Russia. The research was carried out in the plant growing laboratory of the Arkhangelsk Research Institute of Agriculture located on the premises of the unitary enterprise “Kotlasskoe”. When selecting plants for testing within the Northern agricultural zone, the authors were guided by the goal to identify productive varieties of blue lupine, which could well develop under local natural conditions and the conventional system of farm production adopted in the Northern region. In the course of research, five varieties were studied: Fazan, Dikaf, Ladny (FRC “Nemchinovka”), Siderat, Nadezhda (All-Russian Lupine Research Institute). The main limiting factor in the conditions of the North is the early maturation of the variety. In the present research, the shortest growing season of 55 days for green mass and 89–110 days for grain was found with the Ladny variety. Among all the samples, the yield of green mass and dry matter was observed for late-ripening samples of Nadezhda-31.1 t/ha and 5.3 t/ha, Siderat – 46–36.7 t/ha and 36.7 t/ha, respectively. The yield of green mass in the early-ripening Ladny variety amounted to 30.0 t/ha, dry matter – 4.8 t/ha. According to the grain yield for all three years of testing, the early-ripening precocious Ladny variety ranked first with a yield of 2.00 t/ha. In 2019, the seed yield was obtained only from this variety, while the other varieties did not mature at all. The Ladny variety surpassed all the tested varieties in terms of the feed value of the green mass. In the present research, the economic efficiency of introducing the Ladny lupine variety into grain forage production was 143% as for protein yield per hectare and the profitability accounted for 326%. Thus, when selecting early-ripening varieties, the use of blue lupine for grain-forage purposes in the Subarctic zone is feasible and economically profitable.

scholarly journals ‘GVARDEETS’ – NEW SORGHUM-SUDAN HYBRID

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
S.I. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
A.B. Volodin ◽  
A.S. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
High Rate ◽  
New Combination ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
Novgorod Oblast ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Digestible Protein

Arid conditions in Central Ciscaucasia caused a shortage of green fodder for animal husbandry. In the current circumstances, new sorghum-sudan hybrids creation and introduction into production are of great importance. The aim of the research is twofold: to assess green mass, hay and grain productivity and quality; to determine the main biomorphological characteristics and level of heterosis of the new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’. The experiments were carried out in competitive and environmental testing. In the Novgorod Oblast, the new hybrid provided 43.0 t/ha of green mass; the same indicator in the Altai FASC comprised 42.1 t/ha exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 2.6 and 0.9 t/ha, respectively. The data were obtained in a competitive test by methods of field and laboratory experiments, as well as environmental testing in various regions of Russia. On average for 2015–2020, in the conditions of the Stavropol Territory, the new hybrid provided 53.87 t/ha of green and 11.55 t/ha of dry matter exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 5.03 and 1.26 t/ha or 10.3 and 12.2%, respectively. ‘Gvardeets’ is a mid-ripening hybrid. The first mowing can be carried out in the booting phase or at the end of June/first half of July, the second one – in the second half of August. Furthermore, in moderately warm and humid summers, it is possible to obtain the third mowing in late September/early October. The new hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has a high rate of initial plants growth on the 30th day of vegetation (80 cm), as well as a high content of leaves in the green mass (34.7 %). The content of protein in dry matter is 11.8 %, fat – 1.9 %, fiber – 30.9%, ash – 6.3 %. One kilogram of new combination feed contains 0.67 feed units, 70 g of digestible protein, 31.9 g of sugar, 81.2 mg of carotene. The provision of one feed unit with digestible protein is 123 g. There is 8.59 MJ/kg of exchange energy, which is better than that of the standard hybrid ‘Navigator’. The stems of ‘Gvardeets’ plants have a juicy core; plants are resistant to drought, lodging, pests and diseases. The parental forms of the hybrid (‘Zersta 90C’ x ‘Sputnitsa’) are distinguished by a high combinational ability and provide a level of true heterosis of the yield of green mass in the amount of 20.81 t/ha (62.9%). The new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2021 in the North Caucasus, Lower Volga, Central Black Earth and West Siberian regions.

The assessment of herbage legume varieties. II. In vitro digestibility, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and mineral content of primary growth of clover and lucerne

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ellis Davies ◽  
G. ap Griffith ◽  
A. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Primary Growth

The primary growth of eight varieties of three species–white clover (3), red clover (4) and lucerne (1)–was sampled at fortnightly intervals and the percentage dry matter, in vitro digestibility, crude protein, water soluble carbohydrates, P, Ca, K, Na and Mg were determined.Differences between species were nearly always significant and the general order of merit was white clover, red clover and lucerne. The exceptions were for dry-matter percentage where this order was reversed, and red clover had the lowest Na and highest Mg content.

SPATIAL LAYOUT OF THE SOVIET UNION TIMBER PROCESSING COMPLEX: THE IDEA BEHIND THE FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Ivan V. ZYKIN
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Far East ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Central Regions

During the years of Soviet power, principal changes took place in the country’s wood industry, including in spatial layout development. Having the large-scale crisis in the industry in the late 1980s — 2000s and the positive changes in its functioning in recent years and the development of an industry strategy, it becomes relevant to analyze the experience of planning the spatial layout of the wood industry during the period of Stalin’s modernization, particularly during the first five-year plan. The aim of the article is to analyze the reason behind spatial layout of the Soviet wood industry during the implementation of the first five-year plan. The study is based on the modernization concept. In our research we conducted mapping of the wood industry by region as well as of planned construction of the industry facilities. It was revealed that the discussion and development of an industrialization project by the Soviet Union party-state and planning agencies in the second half of the 1920s led to increased attention to the wood industry. The sector, which enterprises were concentrated mainly in the north-west, west and central regions of the country, was set the task of increasing the volume of harvesting, export of wood and production to meet the domestic needs and the export needs of wood resources and materials. Due to weak level of development of the wood industry, the scale of these tasks required restructuring of the branch, its inclusion to the centralized economic system, the direction of large capital investments to the development of new forest areas and the construction of enterprises. It was concluded that according to the first five-year plan, the priority principles for the spatial development of the wood industry were the approach of production to forests and seaports, intrasectoral and intersectoral combining. The framework of the industry was meant to strengthen and expand by including forests to the economic turnover and building new enterprises in the European North and the Urals, where the main capital investments were sent, as well as in the Vyatka region, Transcaucasia, Siberia and the Far East.

Famous teachers and educators of the first half of the XX century about the problems of the North Caucasian muslim education.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222
Author(s):  
Nadezhda O. Bleich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Past Century ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
New Type ◽  
Historical Heritage

The article is devoted to the consideration of the worldview positions of famous educators of the past century regarding the state of school education among Muslims of the North Caucasus region. It is proved that the enlighteners advocated the creation of a new type of national non-class school and the construction of the didactic foundations of the educational process in it. The novelty of the work is that, based on the analysis of the views of the advanced intelligentsia of the region, aimed at understanding the current socio-cultural situation, an attempt was made to scientifically understand the problems and prospects for the development of the Muslim educational system of the past from the point of view of the modern scientific paradigm. The practical significance of the publication lies in expanding the understanding of the system of Mohammedan education in the context of its historical heritage, which will help to comprehend modern problems associated with the reform of general and vocational education in the national Muslim republics.

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