scholarly journals Environmental assessment of the use of the herbicide Lumax

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
A. V. Kostyuk ◽  
N. G. Lukacheva ◽  
E. V. Lyashenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Experimental Plots

The sensitivity of agricultural crops to the Lumax herbicide, consisting of three active agents C-metolachlor, terbutylazine and mesotrione, the duration of their action in meadow-brown soil, and the aftereffect of the herbicide on the plants of the crop rotation were determined. The study was conducted in the conditions of the greenhouse in the Primorsky Territory in 2019 and 2020. The herbicide Lumax was used on experimental plots before corn germination at doses of 4.0 l/ha (recommended) and 8.0 l/ha (twice the recommended). In the autumn of 2019 and in the spring of 2020, samples of meadow-brown soil were taken from the experimental plots and from the control (without herbicides) from the depth of the arable layer containing 3.5% humus. The samples were used to establish the duration of the action of active agents and the aftereffect of the herbicide Lumax. Prior to this, plants indicating residual amounts of the chemical in meadow-brown soil were preselected. The doses of the herbicide which reduce the above-ground mass of the test plant by 50% were calculated, as well as its maximum permissible concentration in the soil. It was determined that by the end of the growing season, 0.7–3.0% of the active agent of the herbicide Lumax is retained in meadow-brown soil at a rate of application of 4.0 l/ha, and 0.6–3.9% – at a rate of 8.0 l/ha. By the beginning of the next field season, the preparation applied at the recommended rate completely decomposed, while when it was applied at a double rate of the recommended rate, 0.8–1.7% of the herbicide remained. Eight months after the application at a rate of 4.0 l/ha, the herbicide Lumax is safe for subsequent crops of the crop rotation. In case of overdose or double application (8.0 l/ ha), it can have an aftereffect on sensitive crops. The crops that are highly sensitive to the Lumax preparation were identified: cabbage, radish, rapeseed, beetroot, tomatoes, cucumber and rice; sensitive: wheat, buckwheat and soybean; relatively resistant: oats and barley. A safe consumption rate of the Lumax herbicide (4.0 l/ha) for subsequent crops of the crop rotation was established.

Formation of crop rotation as a means of preventing degradation аnd improving soil fertility of the Carpathian region

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
O.J. Kachmar ◽  
O.V. Vavrynovych ◽  
O.L. Dubytsky ◽  
A.O. Dubytska ◽  
M.M. Shcherba
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Rotational Crop

Scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of zonal ecologically safe crop rotations as a basic subsystem of farming in the formation of high, stable productivity of agricultural crops are substantiated, while ensuring the reproduction of soil fertility, increasing the efficiency of fertilizer systems and environmental protection. Various rotational crop rotations for introduction in the conditions of the Carpathian region in farms of different specialization and intensity of production are proposed.

scholarly journals Immunological and adaptive assessment of soybean samples of competitive variety testing in the Amur region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Dina Razantsvey ◽  
Evgenia Fokina ◽  
Valentina Sinegovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Russian Scientific Research Institute ◽  
Adaptive Assessment ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Variety Testing

The results of study of the samples of competitive variety testing in the Amur region are presented. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 on experimental plots of the breeding crop rotation of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean. As a result of the phytopathological survey, 12 best highly immune soybean samples were identified, of which the most adaptive (Ka > 1) to the conditions of the region were marked with 5 numbers: Amurskaya 24/42 (Ka = 1, 07), Amurskaya 24/54 (Ka = 1.07) and Amurskaya 24/60 (Ka = 1.11), Alena standard (Ka = 1.05), Amurskaya K-4/23 (Ka = 1.02) and Amurskaya K-14/17 (Ka = 1.05). As a result of a comprehensive assessment, considering the indicators of adaptability, productivity, and resistance to diseases, the 3 best soybean samples were identified: early-ripening – Amur 24/42; medium-ripening - Amur 24/54, Amur 24/60 with a yield of 2.78 (+ 0.46 t/ha to st); 2.80 (+ 0.32 t/ha to st); 2.75 (+0.27 t/ha to st). Two of which Am. 24/60 and Am. 24/42 were transferred in 2020 to the State Variety Testing for 2021-2022 as new highly productive, immune varieties Tisei and Luchistaya.

scholarly journals THE BUCKWHEAT ROLE IN CROP ROTATION AND WEED CONTROL IN THIS SOWINGS IN LONG TERM TRIAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Andris Lejiņš ◽  
Biruta Lejiņa
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Yield Decrease ◽  
Research Institute

Buckwheat research has been carried out within the long-term crop rotation stationary that was established in 1969 as a part of the Research institute of Agriculture. Buckwheat proportion within the partcular crop rotations went up to 22%. The highest buckwheat yields were obtained from the buckwheat variants that where cultivated after winter rye, and within the buckwheat monoculture experimental plots. A considerable yield decrease was observed when cultivating buckwheat after potatoes. Weeds in the buckwheat sowing were effectively brought under control by the herbicide Butisane 400 (1.5 l ha-1), applied immediately after sowing and Betanal AM 2.5 l ha-1 after seedling in 2-3 leaves stage.

scholarly journals Anti-Erosion Optimization of Agricultural Equipment: Local Level

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Crop Area ◽  
Formal Requirements ◽  
Existing Structure

Soil erosion is a major factor in their economic and environmental degradation. Protection of land from erosion is characterized by insufficient methodological support at the local territorial level. Purpose. To reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current state of anti-erosion design on the example of a particular agricultural enterprise. Methods. Cartographic, with application of geoinformation technologies, computational, statistical and mathematical. Results. On the example of one of the private farms of the Kharkiv region, the draw backs of the existing structure of the crops area of agricultural crops in the anti-erosion aspect are shown. It was optimized taking in to account the specialization of the economy. The soil was washed out in different scenarios of land use. The introduction of erosion-optimized crop rotation allows to reduce the forecast of soil fault in field crop rotation by 1.3 times. Conclusions. The structure of the crop area of agricultural crops, even meeting the formal requirements of normative acts, does not provide adequate protection against water erosion. It requires additional expertise using mathematical models of erosion. Minor deviations from the recommended standards of permissible flushing can be adjusted by means of agrotechnical measurеs, significant – additional organizational and agronomic measures.

scholarly journals Study of the effectiveness of soil herbicides in relation to barnyard grass.

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
V. N. Morokhovets ◽  
Z. V. Basay ◽  
T. V. Morokhovets ◽  
T. V. Shterbolova ◽  
S. S. Vostrikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Active Substances

An assessment of the biological activity of seven soil herbicides (based on seven active substances), permitted for use in soybeans, and their five tank mixtures, is given against the common barnyard grass. The study was carried out in the Primorsky Territory in 2018, 2019 in a greenhouse. The scheme of the experiment is presented: control (without herbicide treatment); Command, EC (active agent clomazone, 480 g/l) at a consumption rate of 1.0 l/ha; Zenkor Ultra, KS (active agent metribuzin, 600 g/l) – 1.0 l/ha; Gezagard, KS (active agent prometrine, 500 g/l) – 3.5 l/ha; Proponite, EC (active agent propisochlor, 720 g/l) – 3.0 l/ha; Dual Gold, EC (active agent S-metolachlor, 960 g/l) – 1.6 l/ha; Gardo Gold, KS (active agent S-metolachlor + terbutylazine, 312.5 + 187.5 g/l) – 4.5 l/ha; Pledge, SP (active agent flumioxazine, 500 g/kg) – 0.12 kg/ha; Gezagard + Dual Gold – 2.5 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha; Zenkor Ultra + Dual Gold – 0.5 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha; Command + Dual Gold – 0.7 l/ha + 1.5 l/ha; Proponite + Pledge – 2.0 l/ha + 0.10 kg/ha; Command + Pledge – 0.7 l/ha + 0.10 kg/ha. Barnyard grass was found to be quite sensitive to most of the herbicides and tank mixtures used in the experiments. Good control of barnyard grass was ensured by the use of herbicides Gezagard, Gardo Gold and Command. However, the extremely high biological efficiency (phytotoxicity) in relation to this species in conditions of a greenhouse and optimum herbicidal potential of soil herbicides, was demonstrated by preparations Dual Gold, Proponit and tank mixtures based on them. In this regard, Dual Gold and Proponit can primarily be recommended for soil application (separately and as part of tank mixtures) in soybean crops heavily contaminated with barnyard grass.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZING SYSTEMS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS UNDER ACTION OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS IN SHORT ROTATION OF CROPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
L.V. Potapenko ◽  
L.M. Skachok ◽  
N.I. Horbachenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Energy Evaluation ◽  
Short Rotation

Objective. Carry out economic and energy evaluation of fertilizing systems of agricultural crops, including for the use of microbial preparations. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical-economic, calculation-comparative. Results. On the basis of studies in a long-term field experiment on sod-podzolic soils, economic and energy estimation of crop cultivation in the crop rotation line: lupine - winter rye – potato - oats-was carried out depending on fertilizing systems and pre-seed bacterization of seeds. The prospect of improved organomineral fertilizing system “animal manure + NPK + green manure” has been shown. This fertilizing system provides growth of the conditionally pure profit of crop rotation by UAH 6,922/ha. Using fertilizing system “animal manure + NPK + green manure” for cultures of crop rotation provides an opportunity to increase the conditionally pure profit 2.2 times in comparison with the mineral fertilizing system. With the addition of green manuring to mineral fertilizing system, the conditionally net profit increased from UAH 3,066 to UAH 4,598/ha, or by 50 %. Due to the use of microbial preparations for inoculation of seeds, the profit increases by UAH 1,641/ha, and the return on costs is provided for UAH 1 at the level of UAH 5.09 to 8.10. For energy efficiency, the alternative organic-mineral fertilizing system (animal manure + NPK + green manure) exceeded the traditional one (animal manure + NPK) by 43 % without the use of microbial preparations and by 61 % using biopreparations, and mineral – 2.6 times. The obtained results demonstrate significant prospects for the biological factors of fertilization of crops for their cultivation in short crop rotation. Conclusion. The application of organo-mineral fertilizing system (animal manure + NPK + green manure) in combination with microbial preparations in the cultivation of crops in short crop rotation provides high economic and energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Soybean Productivity Depending On The Elements Of Organic Cultivation Technology In The Short-Term Crop Rotation Of Ukrainian Polissia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Viktor Didora ◽  
Mykhailo Kluchevych
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Leguminous Crop ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Over the past decades, intensive farming has operated under conditions of progressive degradation of the soil cover, maintaining production levels only at the expense of inadequate expenditure of non-renewable energy resources. The soils have acquired irreversible excessive compaction in the sub-arable part of the profile, and the dehumification has acquired a threatening status. The humus content in the soils of Ukraine decreased by almost 25%, and the average annual losses amount to 0.6-0.7 t/ha. Therefore, the search for ways to guarantee the reproduction of soil organic matter, reliable control and restoration of the optimal humus status is extremely relevant. The purpose of the study is to activate natural nitrogen-fixing systems using a mix of green manure and by-products of agricultural crops of short-term leguminous crop rotation. Field experiments were conducted on light grey soils during 2018-2020 in the experimental field of Polissia National University in a leguminous short-term rotation system. This study uses general scientific methods to establish the area of research, plan and lay experiments, conduct observations and analysis; visual – during the implementation of phenological observations; field – to study the relationship with abiotic factors; physiological – to determine the symbiotic effectiveness of preparations of biological origin. The technology of growing agricultural crops in leguminous crop rotation, which ensures the supply of raw materials of organic origin and the accumulation of air nitrogen by root nodule bacteria, has been theoretically substantiated and improved. It is established that one hectare of crop rotation area receives 6.8 tonnes of dry organic raw materials, which corresponds to 78.3 kg/ha of biological nitrogen. It is found out that inoculation of soybean seeds with a preparation of biological origin – Optimise 400, and treatment of soybean crops at BBCH microstages 60-63 with a complex microfertiliser on a chelated basis Nanovit Super+Magnesium Sulphate contributes to the active development of nodule bacteria, the number and weight of which is 81-89 pcs per plant and 510-572 kg/ha. Thus, the active symbiotic potential was 34.2-38.9 thousand kg/day. It is proved that during the growing season soybeans generate 357-400 kg/ha of biological nitrogen in the air, which provides a seed yield of 2.96-2.64 t/ha and leaves 117-160 kg/ha of nitrogen in the soil. The practical value of this study lies in the possibility of enriching the soil with organic matter and the biological form of nitrogen

scholarly journals Types and quantities of weeds found in corn fields and the effect of herbicides on grain yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04041
Author(s):  
Nilufar Turdiyeva ◽  
Zulaykho Umarova ◽  
Nazokat Sayfullaeva ◽  
Dilnura Togaeva ◽  
Shakrizoda Bahodirova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Complete Eradication ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Corn Fields ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Technical Measures

Agrotechnical measures and crop rotation also do not ensure complete eradication of weeds. Therefore, it is necessary to use herbicides. Mapping by type and quantity of weeds grown among agricultural crops should be carried out in all crop rotation fields and herbicides should be applied on this basis, i.e. it is important to choose one or another herbicide based on the study of the composition and amount of weeds grown in fields. In the cultivation of corn in Uzbekistan, first of all, it should be aimed at obtaining high yields from its grain. To do this, it is necessary to use all available agro-technical measures. In modern intensive farming, weed control, which is common among agricultural crops, is a key measure.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE SOWN AREAS STRUCTURE FOR THE STEPPE ZONE OF RSO – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-912
Author(s):  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Agricultural Crops

The structure of the cultivated areas serves as the basis for the system of crop rotation, the main link in modern farming systems. The structure of sown areas and the system of crop rotations as the fundamental links of the farming system have close direct correlations and feed-backs with all other links of the farming system. On the one hand, they are fundamental, first of all, for organizing the soil protection and nature conservation of the territory, since in each farm the sown areas of agricultural crops on arable land prevail over the area of other agricultural lands. On the other hand, the system of crop rotation, which is developed on the basis of the promising structure of sown areas, is the basis for other links of the farming system. For more efficient use of arable land, increasing the yield of major agricultural crops, meeting the needs of farms with crop production, improving soil fertility, it is necessary to change the structure of sown areas taking into account the specific agro-climatic conditions of the steppe zone. There are two subzones in the considered zone: arid and moderately arid one. We have substantiated and optimized the structure of cultivated areas in order to increase soil fertility, ecological balance and productivity of agricultural landscapes for these two sub-zones of the steppe zone. For the arid sub-zone, in the structure of sown areas, winter and spring crops should occupy 51.7%, legumes – 9.8%, fodder – 12.5%, industrial – 21%, vegetables – 5%. For the moderately arid sub-zone in the structure of sown areas, winter and spring crops should occupy 42.0%, legumes – 10.3%, corn for grain – 13.7%, fodder – 10.5%, industrial – 17.0%, vegetables – 5%, potatoes – 1.5%.

NANOPARTICULADO NO FORNECIMENTO DE Ca E Mg NA CULTURA DO CAFÉ VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Waylson Zancanella Quartezani ◽  
Estevão Morgan Uliana ◽  
Jean Barros de Souza ◽  
Ramon Amaro de Sales ◽  
Talita Aparecida Pletsch
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Liming ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Application Frequency ◽  
Split Frequency ◽  
Experimental Plots

Das tecnologias usadas para aumentar a produtividade e a rentabilidade das culturas agrícolas, a calagem e adubação do solo se destacam entre as principais. Assim a necessidade de encontrar corretivos e fertilizantes com mais eficiência e menos onerosos caracteriza a realidade da agricultura brasileira. Além do calcário, outros materiais corretivos vêm surgindo como opção de uso. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da tecnologia de nanoparticulado na correção da acidez do solo e fornecimento do Ca e Mg, sendo este produto avaliado em análise de duas fontes de variação: D - diferentes doses do produto recomendado e P - parcelamento da dosagem ou intervalo de aplicação. Cada fonte de variação apresentando quatro 4 tratamentos, sendo eles: D1 – dose 5 l.ha-1; D2 – dose 10 l.ha-1; D3 – dose 15 l.ha-1 e D4 - dose 18 l.ha-1 para D. E P1 - uma parcela; P2 - duas parcelas (aplicação a cada 6 meses); P3 - três parcelas (aplicação a cada 4 meses) e P4 - quatro parcelas (aplicação a cada 3 meses) para P. O Delineamento estatístico do experimento foi em Blocos Casualizados (DBC), com arranjo fatorial em faixas (“strip-plot”) dos 16 tratamentos, 3 repetições por tratamento, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais. Os resultados obtidos com tecnologia do nanoparticulado testado, nas dosagens de 10 a 15 l.ha-1, em 2 a 3 aplicações ao ano, tem efeitos positivos e suficientes para suprir as demandas de Ca2+ e Mg2+ no solo e na planta para cultura do café conilon, no período de um ano agrícola e nas condições de cultivo.PALAVRA-CHAVES: Calagem, Adubação, Nanopartículas. NANOPARTICULATE IN THE SUPPLY OF Ca AND Mg IN COFFEE CULTURE VIA FERTIRRIGATIONABSTRACT: Of all  technologies used to increase  productivity and  profitability of  agricultural crops, soil  liming and fertilization stand out among the main ones. Thus, the need to find correctives and fertilizers less costly and more efficient characterizes the reality of Brazilian agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the nanoparticulate technology in the correction of soil acidity and the supply of Ca and Mg. , The technology was assessed by analyzing two sources of variation: D - different rates of the product recommended; and P - splitting the rate or application frequency. Each source of variation was subjected to 4 (four) treatments: D1 - 5 l ha-1; D2 - 10 l ha-1; D3 15 l ha-1, and D4 18 l ha-1 for  rates D; and P1 – one split; P2 - two splits (application every 6 months); P3 - three splits (application every 4 months); and P4 - four splits (application every 3 months) for split frequency P. The experiment was arranged in a factorial strip-plot randomized block design (RBD), with 16 treatments and 3 replicates per treatment, totaling 48 experimental plots.  Dosages of 10 to 15 l ha-1 , in 2 to 3 applications per year, had  positive and sufficient effects to supply the demands of Ca2+ and Mg2+ for Conilon coffee crop , during an agricultural year and in the study cultivation conditions.KEYWORDS: Liming, Fertilization, Nanoparticles.

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